• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to propose the effective way of finding injurious factors and making improved plan that prevents the workers against musculoskeletal disorders at a semi-finished medical product fabricating company A questionnaire and an ergonomic assessment method were adopted to analyze the symptoms of workers' musculoskeletal disorders, and an analysis of working postures and a quantitative assessment on various processes were performed to find out harmful factors of workplace. Based on the result of the evaluation, to enhance the working environment, improvement of worktable, working space, tools, and outfit was suggested, and induction of mechanical system was also suggested. It can be concluded that the method and process described in this paper could be helpful for diagnosing the musculoskeletal disorders and making improvement plans to the company with similar working conditions and process.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2009

환경 시료 (토양 및 수질)내 화약물질을 신속하고 간편하게 검출할 수 있다면, 현장조사에서 오염도 조사를 위한 스키리닝 단계로 이용하여 불필요한 시료의 갯수와 고가의 실험실 정량분석비용을 줄일 수 있다. 상용 EXPRAY$^{(R)}$ Explosives Field Detection Kit(EXPRAY)를 이용하여 14종의 화약물질을 대상으로 화약물질 표준용액에 대한 최저검출농도를 결정 하고 및 준정량화 가능성을 확인하기 위한 실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 EXPRAY는 14종의 화약물질 중에서, TNT, RDX, HMX, Tetryl및 TNB등 5종의 화약물질을 검출할 수 있었다. Nitramine계열인 HMX와 RDX에 대한 최저검출농도는 모두 14ng/mm$^2$이었다 EXPRAY는 nitroaromatic계열에는 더욱 민감하게 반응하여, Tetryl, TNB및 TNT에 대한 단위면적당(mm$^2$)최저 검출량이 각각 3ng, 3ng및 0.3ng이었다. 실험이 통제되는 조건에서 화약물질 표준용액에 EXPRAY를 적용하였을 경우에는 발색 강도의 비교를 통해 10배 단위의 준정량화가 가능하였다. 그러나 오염토양으로 실험한 경우에는 화약물질의 존재여부 및 종류만을 확인할 수 있었다. EXPRAY Explosives Detection Kit$^{(R)}$가 화약물질을 검출할 수 있는 경제적이고 민감한 방법이지만, 현장시료의 스크리닝 단계에만 적용할 수 있는 방법이다.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2009

To efficiently express a gene of interest in transgenic plants, the choice of promoter is a crucial factor as it directly affects the expression of the transgene that will yield the desired phenotype. The Arabidopsis ${\beta}-carotene$ hydroxylase 1 gene (AtBch1) shows constitutive and ubiquitous expression and was thus selected as one of best candidates for constitutive promoter analysis by both in silico northern blotting and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. To investigate AtBch1 promoter activity, the 1,981-bp 5'-upstream region of this gene was fused with ${\beta}-glucuronidase$ (GUS) and transformed into Arabidopsis. Through the molecular characterization of transgenic leaf tissues, the AtBch1 promoter generated strong activity that drives 1.8- and 2-fold higher GUS expression than the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (35S) promoter at the transcriptional and translational levels, respectively. Furthermore, the GUS enzyme activity driven by the AtBch1 promoter was 2.8-fold higher than that produced by the 35S promoter. By histochemical GUS staining, the ubiquitous expression of the AtBch1 promoter was observed in all tissues of Arabidopsis. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis with different tissues further showed that this promoter serves as a strong constitutive driver of transgene expression in dicot plants.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2021

Purpose: High intake of cholesterol leads to cardiovascular disruption. Estimating the actual intake of cholesterol can be beneficial for nutrition intervention. This research aimed to develop Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) to estimate cholesterol intake and analyze its reliability and validity. Methods: SQ-FFQ was developed by sorting high cholesterol food items in Indonesian food database and food items' availability. A total of 30 older adults were randomly chosen from Public Health Center in Jagir District, Surabaya, Indonesia to test its validity. Reliability test was done by measuring the same developed SQ-FFQ in one-month period, while validity test was done by comparing SQ-FFQ results with 6-days food record. Statistical analysis used for reliability test was paired t-test, the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Cronbach's α to measure the internal consistency. Meanwhile, validity of developed SQ-FFQ was analyzed using paired t-test and Bland-Altman. Results: Reliability of 2 administered SQ-FFQs showed a good agreement based on paired t-test analysis (p = 0.200), ICC (0.609), and Cronbach's α (0.757). Strong agreement was found in most of food items, but agreements for egg yolk and fried duck were poor. Significant difference was found between those food items (p = 0.001 vs. p < 0.001, respectively) with mean difference were -25.3 mg and 46.2 mg. Validity of developed SQ-FFQ2 compared to 6-days food diary records also found a strong agreement based on paired t-test and the Bland-Altman analysis. Conclusion: This baseline research provides a reasonably valid and repeatable measure of cholesterol intake estimation that can be widely used in nutrition and public health study, especially in Indonesia. No study has been conducted in Indonesia on the development of tools to estimate the cholesterol intake.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017년도 추계학술논문요약집
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• pp.201-202
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• 2017

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2021

Objective : Liquidambaris Storax, the processed resin of Liquidambar orientalis Mill., has been therapeutically used as orifice-opening medicinals in Korean Medicine. However, unauthenticated resinous drugs from various origins were sold as Liquidambaris Storax. This study aimed to establish the quality assessment of genuine Liquidambaris Storax and to provide quantitative differences of Liquidambaris Storax in herbal markets. Methods : Bibliographic research on ancient Liquidambaris Storax was performed using classic books of herbology. The quality assessment was approached by searching modern books of herbal medicines. The marker compounds in Liquidambaris Storax from various origins were quantitatively analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results : L. orientalis was botanically characterized by palmately 5-lobed shape of leaves. Genuine Liquidambaris Storax was recognized as resinous or semi-solid form (ancient―Song dynasty) to liquid form (Myeong/Cheong dynasty) and two processed forms were available in current markets. Genuine liquid Liquidambaris Storax should be lengthened as a thread when it was lifted by a stick and be sunken under the water. The crystals of cinnamic acid was seen under microscopic observation and the scent of benzaldehyde occurred after the treatment with potassium permanganate. Cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, and cinnamaldehyde were quantified in two liquid samples of Liquidambaris Storax, while cinnamaldehyde was not quantified in resinous (semi-solid) sample. Conclusion : This study presents the detailed methods of quality assessment for genuine Liquidambaris Storax as well as the status in the herbal markets. Further quantitative study with diverse samples is required to establish the quality standard of Liquidambaris Storax.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5D호
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• pp.679-687
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• 2011

시내버스 준공영제 시행이 시민들의 수송에 좋은 성과를 거두고 있지만 교통사망사고 증가에 따른 부작용이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시내버스 준공영제 시행에 따른 교통사고 저감대책의 의사결정 모델 개발을 시도하였으며, 자료조사 및 분석방법은 교통전문가 설문과 계층분석법(AHP)을 활용하였다. 계층분석법(AHP)의 상위평가항목으로는 정량적 대책과 정성적 대책을 제시하였다. 하위평가항목 중 정량적 대책으로는 버스증차 및 안전장치 설치, 정류소 시설물 보완, 보행자 보호 시설물 보완, 교통안전 진단평가 및 보완으로 구성되어 있으며, 정성적 대책으로는 제도정비, 노선설계 보완, 교육 캠페인강화, 단속강화로 구성되었다. 분석결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 정성적 대책보다 정량적 대책에서 더 높은 가중치 결과가 나타났으며, 둘째, 정량적 대책으로는 정류소 시설물보완, 교통안전 진단평가 및 보완 순으로 나타났고, 셋째, 정성적 대책으로는 제도정비, 노선설계 보완 순으로 나타났다. 이런 결과는 향후 타시도의 교통사고 저감대책을 수립 시행할 경우 참고할 수 있는 기초 자료가 될 것이라고 사료된다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1472-1477
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• 2005

Recently, the performance development of the exhaust system of a car is very important. The most important part of parts that constructing the exhaust system of a car is a muffler. The muffler reducing the exhaust noise from the engine influence on the engine performance directly. The inner parts of the muffler construct with the baffle and perforated pipes and so on. In the recent study, the study to design the semi-active muffler sensing the exhaust gas pressure controlling the back pressure variably with a EVV progress activity. So that the inner parts of the muffler show the complicated turbulent flow phenomena because of pulsatile flow from the engine and the structural properties and so on. The qualitative and quantitative analysis about the turbulent flow phenomena of the inner parts of the muffler is required gradually. In this study, to analysis the flow field of the inner parts of the muffler, analysis results with the PIV measurement to be able to analysis the variable change of the time and the space. Therefore, try to show the design variables to need to design the inner parts of a muffler of a car.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2021

Purpose: This study used a mixed methods research design in an attempt to verify the effects of robot-assisted rehabilitation on the gait ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia, and thereby further understand the benefits and challenges of stroke patients' experiences relying on robot-assisted rehabilitation. Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed methods study design was used in order to combine both quantitative and qualitative data. For the quantitative data collection, a total of 30 stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited from one rehabilitation hospital. Qualitative data were collected through individual interviews using semi-structured questionnaires for a group of 15 patients who were currently undergoing robot-assisted rehabilitation. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results: As a result of the quantitative analysis, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of daily living activity patterns, total number of steps, and average walking speed. As a result of the qualitative analysis, the four main themes derived consisted of, 'curiosity about the usage of robot-assisted rehabilitation,' 'pleasure experienced while using the robots,' 'insufficient information about robots,' and 'a lack of education about robot-assisted rehabilitation.' Conclusions: Robot-assisted rehabilitation had a significant effect on the walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Additionally, stroke patients with hemiplegia experienced difficulty during the course of their robot-assisted rehabilitation, due to a lack of sufficient information on correct usage techniques. These quantitative and qualitative findings could provide the basic foundation for the development of an educational program on robot-assisted rehabilitation.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the relative influence of food intake and menopause on the body composition and bone quality index of women in Wonju who were voluntary participants in a community nutrition program. The status of food intake was examined using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A bioelectrical impedance analysis tool (Inbody 2.0) and SONOST 2000 were used for estimating body composition including criteria such as TWB (Total body water), SLM (Soft lean mass), LBM (Lean body mass), PBF (% body fat) and WHR (Waist hip ratio), and BQI (Bone quality index). 82% of the subjects were over the age of 40. The percentage of overweight subjects was 64.3% overall, and higher in the advanced age group while underweight was prevalent in younger subjects. Although only 8.6% of the total subjects skipped breakfast, this habit was more prevalent in subjects in their twenties and the underweight group. Variables, such as age, menstruation status, and breakfast eating habits were significant factors considered in relation to food intake from 7 food groups. Generally, older aged women ate more vegetables while the younger group consumed more simple sugars and lipids. The subjects who were underweight or skipped breakfast tended to drink higher amounts of soft drinks. With increasing age, BMI, PBF and WHR increased also, and TWB, SLM, LBM, and BQI decreased. According to correlation analysis, WHR has a positive correlation with PBF. BQI correlated with SLM and LBM positively, and with PBF and WHR negatively. Over 93.3% of the subjects over the age of 30 were assessed as having abdominal obesity. It was revealed that body composition was affected not only by age, obesity degree and menstruation status but by various food intake habits. Body composition including WHR and BQI had put many of the subjects' health in danger of metabolic disorders. Therefore, it is important to emphasize keeping in place some helpful habits such as eating regularly, having a proper diet which includes many vegetables, and continued milk intake even after menopause to insure women's good health.