• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.341-382
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to introduce 'Bogoganeun Maeul Movement' which was drived by Jellabuk-do province at 1962. and to ascertain historical meaning of its among history of Korea rural development and to investigate the relationships among 'Sinsanghwal movement', 'Community development program', 'Jaegungukmin movement'. It was found that 4,031 Maeul was designated a Bogaganeun Maeul at 1962. and leader of its village got an appointment as 'light of rural' by province administration. This study was found that the historical meaning that even if it was in theoretically and administrative frame. Bogaganeun Maeul was a self-regulating first community development program that was drived by Jeollabuk-do and starting point of model of 'Mobum Burak'. Besides Bogaganeun Maeul was tourism village for an inspection and learning by observation. and first article that 'Sightseeing village' word appeared initially in the newspaper.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2014

In this paper new air-cooling system utilizing Stirling engine was proposed for improving efficiency in solar photovoltaic power generation. The solar cell plate was equipped with semi-circular channel for air flow on the backside. Beta-type Stirling engine was installed on the plate and its flywheel was connected to a motor fan by a transmission belt. A forced convective air flow for heat radiation was generated by the operation of the self-starting Stirling engine. The performance tests for power generation of solar cell with or without the proposed air-cooling system were conducted under halogen lamp. From the experimental results, it was found that decline in output voltage of the solar cell with proposed cooling system was 25% less than that of the solar cell without cooling system.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2001

This paper describes the smoke filling process of a fire field model based on a self-developed SMEP (Smoke Movement Estimating Program) codo to the simulation of fire induced flows in the atrium space (SIVANS atrium at Japan) containing smoke radiation effect. The SMEP using PISO algorithm solves conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy and species, together with those for the modified k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model with buoyancy term. Also it solves the radiation equation using the discrete ordinates method. The result of the calculated smoke temperature containing radiation effect has shown a better prediction than the result calculated by only convection effect in comparison with the experimental data. This seems to come from the radiation effect of $H_2$O and $CO_2$ gas under smoke productions. Thus, the consideration of the radiation effect under smoke in fire should be necessary in order to get more realistic result. Also the numerical results indicated that the smoke layer is developing at a rate of about 0.1 m/s. It would take about 450 seconds after starting the ultra fast fire of 560 kW that the smoke layer move down to 1.5m above the escape level.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.161-168
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• 2010

Magnetars are neutron stars possessing a magnetic field of about $10^{14}-10^{15}$ G at the surface. Thermodynamic properties of neutron star matter, approximated by pure neutron matter, are considered at finite temperature in strong magnetic fields up to $10^{18}$ G which could be relevant for the inner regions of magnetars. In the model with the Skyrme effective interaction, it is shown that a thermodynamically stable branch of solutions for the spin polarization parameter corresponds to the case when the majority of neutron spins are oriented opposite to the direction of the magnetic field (i.e. negative spin polarization). Moreover, starting from some threshold density, the self-consistent equations have also two other branches of solutions, corresponding to positive spin polarization. The influence of finite temperatures on spin polarization remains moderate in the Skyrme model up to temperatures relevant for protoneutron stars. In particular, the scenario with the metastable state characterized by positive spin polarization, considered at zero temperature in Phys. Rev. C 80, 065801 (2009), is preserved at finite temperatures as well. It is shown that, above certain density, the entropy for various branches of spin polarization in neutron matter with the Skyrme interaction in a strong magnetic field shows the unusual behavior, being larger than that of the nonpolarized state. By providing the corresponding low-temperature analysis, we prove that this unexpected behavior should be related to the dependence of the entropy of a spin polarized state on the effective masses of neutrons with spin up and spin down, and to a certain constraint on them which is violated in the respective density range.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.155-165
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• 2003

A series of one-dimensional cylinder sedimentation test, seepage consolidation test and two-dimensional deposition model test were conducted to examine the characteristics of deposition and volume change of dredged soils containing the high water content, and these experimental results were compared with the sedimentary conditions of actual dredged-reclaimed fields to obtain the relations of a volume change by settling what is required for design. In addition, the change of water content and the distribution of fine grained soils after sedimentation were investigated. Thus, it was concluded that deposition height increased lineary as substantial soil volume increased, and also the elevation of interface increasea proportionately at both the starting time and the finishing time of virtual self-weight consolidation in one-dimensional sedimentation. Furthermore, the two-dimensional model test results were shown to describe the plain distribution of water content and fine grained silt where dredged soil was deposited by two dimensional flowing, and the water content was distributed to wide range from the minimum water content 30% to maximum 180% according to the passed amount of №200 sieve percentage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.76-90
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• 2015

Based on a concept of Nietzschean nihilism, this study aimed at interpreting the nihilism in arts and its expressions, also analyzing the modern fashion collection from the same angle. The research was centered on arts after 1980, when post-modern formal destruction expanded in earnest and on the fashion collection after the 20th century, easily accessible to data. Particularly, it set 1994 nihilism collection by Alexander McQueen, a representative nihilist fashion designer as a starting point. Nietzsche mentioned that true arts may be achieved when Apollonian characteristics including a bodily sensory system and an idealization process and Dionysian characteristics including every human feeling are integrated. Besides, he emphasized the importance of an artist being represented as an image of ${\ddot{U}}bermensch$. The ${\ddot{U}}bermensch$ image, reflected in arts and artistic nihilism, represents themes of violence/death, realistic/unrealistic expressions, human body/inhuman aversion materials and the transmutation of a form. Fashion collection expressions, owing to the special characteristic of the show form unlike other arts, were segmented as a realistic ${\ddot{U}}bermensch$ image using a model in a theme, expression, material and form. The theme of violence/death was divided into the death of human and a society. Human life/death was expressed as destruction of human weakness and self-identity, sexual objectification and violence, and social death as destruction and conflict of a class, nation, culture and nature. As for the expression, it was divided into the realistic expression of the primitive/natural and directing of an unrealistic atmosphere using a show.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.577-587
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• 2013

This study aimed to elicit the variability of appetite and food intake patterns in female college students during different menstrual phases. The craving for certain foods and physiological and psychological symptoms of menstrual phase (pre- and post-menstrual) were investigated by self-administered questionnaire. Three hundred and sixty six students who were 20.9 years old and had $19.8kg/m^2$ of BMI volunteered to participate in this study. Most of the subjects (89.5%) experienced the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) such as irritation, bodily fatigue, nervosity. Symptoms such as tiredness, stomachache, changes in taste and increased appetite were pointed out to be experienced at the onset of the menstrual cycle. The variability of food intake in premenstrual phase, 11.0% of subjects had decreased food intake where as 68.8% had experienced increased intake. The postmenstrual phase, 20.1% had decreased food intake while 45.2% had experienced increased intake due to changes in the appetite. Before starting menstruation, most of the subjects craved for sweets. The group who had experienced abnormal appetite during menstrual phase was significantly high ratio in overweight and obese students (p<0.05). We also observed an association between the PMS score and the variability of eating patterns during the menstrual phase. The students who experienced changing appetite and food intake had significantly high PMS score in the premenstrual phase (p<0.01) and postmenstrual phase (p<0.05). These results suggested a need for future study related to changes in the actual nutrient intake and activity level during the menstrual phase.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.271-281
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to promote the value of field practice courses by installing an efficient field practice program through understanding the relationship between career decision/ behavior and the pre-/post satisfaction of dental hygiene students in field practice. Methods: The subjects of the study were students in Gyeongnam and Busan majoring in dental hygiene, from which 218 questionnaires were obtained from 23 November 2015 to 30 July 2016. Results: In terms of career decision/ behavior, the post-satisfaction scores in ideas about their major, about whether it was helpful to selecting their speciality and positive impression of dental hygienists, interest and understanding in training course were significantly lower than the pre-satisfaction scores (p<0.05). Relationship between satisfaction in field training and career decision/ behavior following the field training, pre-/post-satisfaction on site-training content (r=0.371, p<0.01), pre-/post satisfaction in training instructions (r=0.267, p<0.01), and pre-/post-satisfaction in the training sites (r=0.436, p<0.01) were all proportionally correlated to the after-training career decision and behavior. Conclusions: It is necessary for training instructors to maintain close relationships with the students in field practice program courses. In advance, it is expected to promote students' satisfaction in field practice and serve as a starting point where students can build self-esteem as a future dental hygienist by positively influencing their career decisions and behaviors.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.167-174
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• 2017

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is one of the most common forms of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents. Outbreaks of MPP occur in 3- to 7-year cycles worldwide; recent epidemics in Korea occurred in 2006-2007, 2011, and 2015-2016. Although MPP is known to be a mild, self-limiting disease with a good response to macrolides, it can also progress into a severe and fulminant disease. Notably, since 2000, the prevalence of macrolide-resistant MPP has rapidly increased, especially in Asian countries, recently reaching up to 80%-90%. Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) harbors a point mutation in domain V of 23S rRNA with substitutions mainly detected at positions 2063 and 2064 of the sequence. The excessive use of macrolides may contribute to these mutations. MRMP can lead to clinically refractory pneumonia, showing no clinical or radiological response to macrolides, and can progress to severe and complicated pneumonia. Refractory MPP is characterized by an excessive immune response against the pathogen as well as direct injury caused by an increasing bacterial load. A change of antibiotics is recommended to reduce the bacterial load. Tetracyclines or quinolones can be alternatives for treating MRMP. Otherwise, corticosteroid or intravenous immunoglobulin can be added to the treatment regimen as immunomodulators to downregulate an excessive host immune reaction and alleviate immune-mediated pulmonary injury. However, the exact starting time point, dose, or duration of immunomodulators has not been established. This review focuses on the mechanism of resistance acquisition and treatment options for MRMP pneumonia.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.213-220
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• 1995

Map Matching is the method for correcting the current position from dead reckoning in Car Navigation System. In this paper, we proposed the new map matching algorithm that can correct the positioning error caused by sensors and digital map data around the cross road area. To do this, first we set the error boundary of the cross road area by combining the relative error of moving distance and the absolute error of road length, second, we find out the starting point of turning within the determined error boundary of the cross point area, third, we compare the turning angle of the car to the angle of each possible road, and the last, we decide the matched road. We used wheel sensor as a speed sensor and used optical fiber gyro as a directional sensor, and assembled the sensors to the notebook computer. We testified our algorithm by driving the Daejeon area-which is a part of south Korea-as a test area. And we proved the efficiency by doing that.