• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2000

Although the term 'family business' is relatively new, this style of business is universal. An Unusual feature that must be noted, is that even though it is a common style of business is not clearly defined. The purpose of this study is to identify the different family participation patterns, and the variables that effect different types of participation. '1997 Daewoo Panel Data' was used. Some descriptive statistics and a multinomial logit model were employed for the analysis. The standard type of business focused on in this study was a family owned and operated 'ma and pa' typed business and the sample was limited to households where one or both of the partners involved in a family owned and operated business. The main resets obtained from this sample were as follows: 1. Personal characteristics such as respondents' gender, age and educational level were important variables that effected the participation of family members in the business. As can be seen in the gender analysis, family businesses owned by men showed all available patterns of family operated businesses in relatively high numbers. A large percentage of businesses owned women were of self-employed pattern. According to the analysis by age and educational level, young people with a high level of education tend to managed their small businesses by employing others rather than utilising the self-employed or family operated pattern. 2. While big families showed a high percentage of a combination pattern of a family-run, and ordinary employer/employee company, relatively small families usually opted for purely family-run businesses. Whether the family have children under 6 or not, and the number of children under 6 did net significantly effect to the patterns of the family system of small family businesses. 3. The size, location and kind of family business also effected participation patterns of the family members significantly. These results suggest that further study will be required to gain more exact and meaningful information to help Korean family businesses.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.141-158
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were to investigate the job analysis questionnaire was mailed to 250 dietitians who are members of The Korean dietetic association practice group in self-operated foodservices(hereafter group A)and 250 dietitians who are employed in contracted foodservice companies(hereafter group B). Completed questionnaires were received from 285 dietitians(121 in self-operated, 164 in contracted) ; a response rate of 57%. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS/win packages for descriptive analysis, t-test, $x^2$-test, The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The dietetic training or internship experiences were significantly different between the two sample group(p<.001), but the perceptions of needs for training or internship were not different between and they thought one to six month training would be needed for the job. 2. The question about the time needed in order to perform an expert job was answered significantly differently(p<.001) 3. Group A usually took part in obligatory continuing education and short-term training courses, and group B usually took part in obligatory continuing education and on-the-job trainings, respectively. However both group perceived all three types of educations would be needed for performing the job better. 4. As for the physical demands of the job, a certain degree of accuracy and dexterity for physical tasks and equipment operations was needed for the job. Concerning the mental demands, they answered that their job needs considerable creativity and judgement for planning and performing their tasks was needed. 5. As for responsibilities, group B's responsibilities were heavier than group A’s(p<.001) and need for confidentiality was also greater for group B than for group A(p<.001). 6. As for the supervising role differences, group A rarely received supervision from others and they were given directions only in essential situations, whereas group B was usually supervised when planning and performing their job and tasks, showing significant difference in positions between the two sample groups(p<.001). But each group supervised co-workers and employees in their department. 7. With regard to personal contact, both groups frequently contacted people in their department and other departments at the company and sometimes people outside the company. 8. Concerning the work environment, there were some risks and discomforts in the physical environment and there was no significant difference between the two sample groups.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2021

This is a group pretest-posttest design study that aim to evaluate the effect of self-reflection promotion program of nursing students. The subjects of this study were 42 first-year nursing students. The data was collected from October 5 to November 2, 2020. A questionnaire was used to measure self-reflection and self-efficacy. The self-reflection promotion program was operated for a total of 8 hours in 4 sessions over 4 weeks. Online lectures were conducted using books, movies, and art recommended by expert. The subjects could take lectures using their smartphones, laptops, desktops, and tablet PC. As a result of the study, self-reflection was significantly improved after intervention than before intervention (t=-2.594, p=.013). In the sub-items, self-exploration and self-understanding were statistically significantly improved (t=-2.527, p=.015; t=-2.471, p=.018). However, other-exploration and other-understanding were not statistically significant (t=-1.226, p=.227; t=-.758, p=.453). The self-efficacy of the subjects was not statistically significant (t=-.170, p=.866). In future research, it will be necessary to develop and verify specific teaching and learning methods utilizing various contents that can improve self-reflection for nursing students.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2015

최근 군에서는 병사들이 보다 나은 환경에서 군 생활을 영위하도록 병영문화정책을 개선해 오고 있다. 이러한 취지에서 A사단에서는 모든 병사들이 참여하는 "목표지향적 자기계발프로그램"을 도입하였다. 이 프로그램은 인생목표를 설정한 다음 군에서의 목표뿐 아니라 전역 후 까지 연계해서 자기계발을 하도록 지도하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하기 위해 병사들의 목표관리와 자아존중감, 군 생활만족에 미치는 효과를 살펴보고 그 결과를 토대로 향후 보다 건강한 병영문화 조성을 위한 정책적 전략들을 제안하고자 하는 것이다. 연구방법은 프로그램 실시를 한 A사단(실험집단)과 프로그램을 실시하지 않은 B사단(통제집단)에게 설문조사를 실시하여 그 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 연구의 대상은 실험집단 257명과 통제집단 231명 등 총 488명이다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 11.5 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test(검증)와 공변량 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 프로그램을 실시한 장병들이 그렇지 않은 장병들보다 위에서 언급한 영역에서 모두 유의미한 효과가 있음이 밝혀졌다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2004

[1] and [2] present an approach to diagnosing possible defects in the mechanical systems of a nuclear power plant. In this paper, by using a fault library as a database and training data, we develop a diagnostic algorithm 1) to decide whether an Air Operated Valve system is sound or not and 2) to identify the defect from which an Air-Operated Valve system suffers, if any. This algorithm is composed of three stages: a neural net stage, a non-neural net stage, and an integration stage. The neural net stage is a simple perceptron, a pattern-recognition module, using a neural net. The non-neural net stage is a simple pattern-matching algorithm, which translates the degree of matching into a corresponding number. The integration stage collects each output and makes a decision. We present a simulation result and confirm that the developed algorithm works accurately, if the input matches one in the database.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2018

Objectives: To assess the nurses' hand hygiene (HH) knowledge, perception, attitude, and self-reported performance in small- and medium-sized hospitals after Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. Methods: The structured questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization's survey. Data were collected between June 26 and July 14, 2017. Results: Nurses showed scores on knowledge ($17.6{\pm}2.5$), perception ($69.3{\pm}0.8$), self-reported HH performance of non-self ($86.0{\pm}11.0$), self-reported performance of self ($88.2{\pm}11.0$), and attitude ($50.5{\pm}5.5$). HH performance rate of non-self was $Y_1=36.678+0.555X_1$ (HH performance rate of self) (adjusted $R^2=0.280$, p<0.001). The regression model for performance was $Y_4=18.302+0.247X_{41}(peception)+0.232X_{42}(attitude)+0.875X_{42}(role model)$; coefficients were significant statistically except attitude, and this model significant statistically (adjusted $R^2=0.191$, p<0.001). Conclusions: Advanced HH education program would be developed and operated continuously. Perception, attitude, role model was found to be a significant predictors of HH performance of self. So these findings could be used in future HH promotion strategies for nurses.

• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2020

본 연구는 일개 대학에서 2020년 8월 3주간에 운영된 온라인 자기소개서 컨설팅 프로그램에 참여한 92명을 대상으로 하였다. 온라인 자기소개서 컨설팅 프로그램 적용이 취업준비에 도움이 되었는지 알아보고자한 연구이다. 연구 결과 사전에 자기소개서 작성이 부족하거나 취업목표 기관이 뚜렷하지 않았다. 온라인 자기소개서 컨설팅 프로그램 참여 후 취업준비에 매우 도움이 되었고, 관련한 자기소개서 프로그램의 서비스 활용성이 높았다. 프로그램 내 템플릿의 연속된 질문은 자기소개서 작성에 도움이 되었다고 응답하였다. 향후 필요한 취업지원 교육으로 면접준비과정이 필요하다고 하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2002

This study was to examine the relationships between knowledge, health belief and self-efficacy of osteoporosis with the women residents in an island. Method: The subjects were 64 women who lived in an island located in Incheon metropolitan city. Data collection was performed by using questionnaire that included Osteoporosis Knowledge Test, Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale by Kim, Horan & Gendler (1991). The Data were analyzed using SAS computer program that included descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: 1) The mean of osteoporosis knowledge was 10.03 in the range of 0 to 24, shows the relatively lower score than mean score. The mean of osteoporosis health belief variables were susceptibility 18.95, seriousness 19.05, benefits of exercise 22.35, benefits of calcium 21.81, barriers to exercise 16.95, barriers to calcium 13.13, and health motivation 19.75 in every range of 6 to 30. The mean of osteoporosis self-efficacy was 37.95 in the range of 12 to 60, shows a relatively higher score than mean score. 2) There were statistically significant differences in the degree of osteoporosis knowledge according to age, education. But There was no significant difference in the degree of osteoporosis and self-efficacy according to general characteristics. There were statistically significant differences in the degree of susceptibility according to religion, family income. There were statistically significant differences in the degree of seriousness, health motivation according to family income. There was statistically significant difference in the degree of barriers to exercise according to education. 3) There were statistically significant positive correlations between osteoporosis knowledge and benefits to exercise, benefits of calcium intake. There was statistically no significant correlation between osteoporosis knowledge and osteoporosis self- efficacy. There was statistically a significant positive correlation between osteoporosis self-efficacy and barriers to exercise. There was statistically a significant negative correlation between osteoporosis self-efficacy and health motivation. Conclusion: According to the result, osteoporosis education program including exercise, calcium intake should be operated to increase benefits to exercise and calcium intake for osteoporosis prevention. In addition, the program of improving self-efficacy should be designed and operated to decrase the perception of barriers to exercise and to increase the perception of health motivation of women in island.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2005

College foodservice (FS) demands highly-developed operation technique which can provide adequate nutrients to their students, as well as to guide better eating habits and to meet students' various desires. The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to improve college FS satisfaction with food items by comparing 2 contract-managed and 2 self-operated college FS in Daejeon and Chungnam area. According to the results, $\59.1%$ of students frequently (over 3 times per week) took meals at college cafeteria and the main reason for using college cafeteria was the low-price of meal, although the students' Satisfaction degree with price of meal was lower in contract-managed FS than in self-operated FS. There were no differences in the food satisfaction degrees with overall appraisal of food items between 2 operating systems of college FS, but the satisfaction degrees with all food items were high in male as compared with female. The higher the negative self-perceived clinical symptoms scores, the lower the satisfaction with foods, which suggests that the health state of students was one of the factors that influenced college FS satisfaction. According to stepwise multiple regression analysis,'taste of boiled rice', 'overall appraisal of boiled rice', 'overall appraisal of soup', and 'variety of side dish', in decreasing order, were the most relatively important attributes for overall customer satis-faction with food taste of college FS. Finally, there should be further studies on important management factors to improve college FS satisfaction according to 2 operating system.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.433-447
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• 2003

Since self-efficacy was suggested by Bandura(1977) as the most important factor that affects human behavior, preceding studies about self-efficacy are frequently related with children, and it is a main stream that only personal factors are chosen as related factors of these studies. Considering we don't have enough studies about family factors that reflect qualitative and relational factors of adolescents' home background, this study was aimed to seize the actual condition of self-efficacy meaning perceived and emotional faith about their own ability. These are our major concerns: 1. What kind of tendency does self-efficacy and appearance stress of adolescents, family functioning show? 2. How strong are relative influences of variables on self-efficacy of adolescents? This study was operated on July and August, 2002, aimed 378 middle school and high school students in Jeon-Nam, Mokpo area. 378 question sheets were used for analysis. Followings are results of this study. First, aimed students' average mark of self-efficacy was 2.09, which meant a normal level. And in low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy was the highest, and confidence task difficulty preference was following. Furthermore, whole self-efficacy showed a little difference from the demographic factor of adolescents. In low-ranked part, however, confidence and self-efficacy showed a somewhat difference. As students grew up, confidence decreased, and male students showed higher self-control-efficacy than female ones. Second, appearance stress and family functioning degree had a strong relation with self-efficacy. Family functioning, had important interrelation not only with whole self-efficacy but also with low-ranked part of self-efficacy. In low-ranked part, self-control-efficacy and task difficulty preference were proportional to the family functioning degree. From these results, we can find that the appearance stress was an actual factor that affected the self-efficacy of adolescents, and their self-efficacy was strongly related with family functioning degree. Accordingly, affirmative emotion in family, harmonic communication among family members and sharing housekeeping works had an immediate influence on elevation of self-efficacy.