• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1334-1345
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were 1) to identify the effects of age and sex of Korean adolescents on the psychological variables(body attitudes, public/private self-consciousness, self-esteem), weight control practices, and clothing behaviors, and 2) to identify the relation- ships between psychological variables and weight control practices, and the effects of the variables on clothing behaviors in the adolescent' groups classified by sex and age. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Two factors of body attitudes were identified: Body-shape consciousness and Physical attractiveness. Four factors of clothing attitudes were identified: Clothing interest/dressing for others, Clothing exhibition, Dressing for self, and Psychological clothing-dependerlce. 2) There were significant effects of sex on all of the research variables. Age was found to have effects on Physical attractiveness, self-esteem, public/private self-consciousness, Clothing exhibition, and Psychological clothing- dependence. 3) In the relationships between psychological variables and weight control practices, Body-shape consciousness was negatively correlated with Physical attractiveness in all groups. Also, Body-shape consciousness had effects on weight control practice in all subject groups. 4) Public self-consciousness had direct/indirect effects on the Clothing interest/dressing for others in all subject groups. Private self-consciousness had direct/ indirect effects on dressing for self in high school boys and girls. Body-shape consciousness had indirect effects on Preference for up-to date style in male college students group, whereas weight control practices had effects on the Preference for up-to date style in female college students group. Self-esteem was found to have the effects on clothing behavior in college students groups. Among clothing attitude factors, Clothing exhibition had distinct effects on the Preference for up-to date style in all subject groups, and Clothing interest/dressing for others had effects on Clothing exhibition and Psychological clothing-dependence in high school boys and girs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.177-189
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• 1990

The purpose of this study were to measure the body cathexis and the characteristics of middle-aged women groups segmented by their fashion orientation. Self-administered questionaire method was used. Seven demographic variables, 9 self-images, body cathexis were included as independent variables. Fashion orientation developed by Gutman and Mills was used. Data was collected from 369 Middle-aged women in Chonbuk Province. Frequencies, Percentages, means, standard deviation were caculated. ANOVA, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis were used for data analysis. The results were as follows: 1. The body cathexis of the subjects were lower than capital city and increased according to age. 2. The self-image of the subjects were down-to-earth, modern, conventional, playing it safe, confident, stable, reserved and blending out into a crowd. The subjects with the self-image of being more sophisticated, confident, creative, stood out in a crowd, or complicated life style had higher body cathexis. 3. When the subjects were divided into segmentations according to their fashion orientation by cluster analysis, the best suitable number of groups was seven. The characteristics of seven groups were: *Fashion negatives showed low levels of fashion leadership and fashion interest, and medium level of importance of being well-dressed, and high level of antifashion attitudes. *Fashion neutrals showed medium levels of fashion leadership, fashion interest, and importnace of being-well dressed, and low level of antifashion attitudes. *Fashion uninvolveds showed low levels of fashion leadership, fashion interest, and antifashion attitudes. *Fashion followers showed high levels of fashion interest and importance of being well dressed, but low levels of fashion leadership and antifashion attitudes. *Fashion independents showed a littel bit high levels of fashion leadership, fashion interest, and importance fo being well-dressed, but low level of antifashion attitudes. *Fashion rejectors showed low levels of fashion leadership, fashion interest, and importance of being well-dressed, but high level of antifashion attitudes. 4. The seven groups segemented by their fashion orientation showed significant differences according to the educational levels, employment status, and total monthly income. Fashion leaders and fashion independents had higher educational level and monthly income, and involved more women with jobs. 5. Fashion leaders had self-image of being most sophisticated modern, diffenrent, creative, sociable, stood out in a crowd, and complicated life style. Fashion rejectors had self-image of being most down-to-earth, traditional, conventional, stable, reserved, blend into a crowd, and simplified life style. 6. The most effective variables among body cathexis, demographic variabls and self-images in discirminating fashion oreintation group differences were different-conventional, creativestable, and employment status. The discriminating power of above variables were high in very low in discriminating fashion negatives, fashion neutrals, and fashion independents, and the total discriminating power of these variables was 32.25%.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of clothing behavior with such psychological variables as self-esteem and impulsiveness, to disclose the relationship between children's clothing behavior and their mother's child-rearing attitueds, to investigate the levels of clothing behavior according to children's sex and their mothers having job. Questionaires for clothing behavior and child-rearing attitudes were chosen from ones which were used in privious studies, and the items were selected on the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient. For mearsurement of impulsiveness, a portion of "personality Inventory" by Beommo Chung was used, while Robinson and Shaver's self-esteem scale was adopted for mearsutement of self-esteem. Clothing behavior was composed of 6 variables: clothing interest, clothing satisfation, clothing management, clothing sex-role, clothing comfort, and clothing independence. Samples were 380 boys and girls (4th, 5th, 6th grade) of three elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient, t-test, F-test, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Self-esteem had positive relations with clothing satisfaction, clothing management, and clothing sex-role. Girls who had higher self-esteem were less interested in traditional sex-role attitudes in clothing. Boys who had higher self-esteem were higher in clothing independence. 2. Those who had higher impulsiveness were higher in clothing interest, but lowere in clothing satisfaction, clothing management, and clothing independence. 3. Loving and receptive child-rearing attitude had positive relations with clothing satisfaction and clothing management, but a negative relation with clothing sex-role. When mothers had higher loving and receptive child-rearing attitude, their sons had higher traditional attitude in clothing sex-role. Democratic and self-regulating child-rearing attitude had no relation with clothing behavior. 4. To lpredict clothing satisfaction, 4 independent variables (selfesteem, impulsiveness, mother's loving and receptive child-rearing attitude, and mother's democratic and self-regulating child-rearing attitude) were selected. The explanatory power of the four variables was 15%. Clothing satisfaction was most influenced by self-esteem, and not significantly influenced by mother's child-rearing attitudes. 5. Clothing interest and clothing management were higher with the girls than with the boys, while clothing comfort was higher with the bodys. 6. When children's mothers had a job, the children tended to have higher liberal attitudes in clothing sex-role.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.43-55
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to verify analysis of self-efficacy and self-confidence of the athletes. The subjects of this study were selected 200 athletes who have a highschool athletes in Seoul. The data-collecting method use of self-confidence by Kim(1999) and self-efficacy by Kim(2002) & Lee(2003). The Descriptive Statistical Analysis Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis As a result, Frist, family interest, motivation, mentor & hobby which is sport-state/trait affected confidence. Second, family interest, motivation, mentor & hobby which is affected self-efficacy. Third, sport-trait confidence which is affected self-efficacy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.69-79
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• 2018

This study examines and measures the enhancement of intrinsic motivation in learners who have been part of the e-Learning system (www.englishbuddy.kr) for elementary-level English learning, developed based on the systematic application of the motivation theory as dictated by 'interest' and 'self-determination' and put into practice at 3,100 private tutoring institutions. According to the survey conducted on 328 learners in the e-Learning system inspired by the motivation theory and on 150 learners in other English programs, the former was found to have stimulated 'interest' and satisfied 'psychological desire' in the learners, leading to the development of 'specific strategies to motivate learners.' The study has clearly identified how learners are better motivated in the e-Learning environment, demonstrating its contributions to advancing e-Learning, building a practical e-Learning system based on a systematic motivation theory defined by 'interest' and 'self-determination,' and applying the system to some 16,000 learners at 3,100 private tutoring institutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

This study presents a descriptive research on the degree of self-care related to the prevention of radiation exposure after radioactive iodine therapy and on the relations between self-efficacy and social support to propose nursing interventions required for patients after radioactive iodine therapy. The research period lasted from March to May, 2013. The subjects included 108 patients that were receiving radioactive iodine therapy after thyroidectomy at a cancer hospital in Gyeonggi Province. The subjects scored mean 52.10 on self-care out of full 56 and as for the general characteristics of the subjects, there were significant differences in their self-care according to whether they had a child or not(t=-2.312, p=.023) and interest in health(t=5.689, p<.001). There were significant positive correlations between their self-care and their self-efficacy(r=.610, p<.001), family support(r=.646, p<.001), and medical staff support(r=.276, p=.004). Interest in health(t=5.301, p<.001) was predictor on level 1 of hierarchical regression and interest in health(t=2.140, p=.035) and family support(t=3.353, p=.001) turned out to influence the self-care of the subjects, recording total 46.3% explanatory power. The most important predictor was interest in health(${\beta}$=1.309, p=.035) of self-care.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.273-284
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• 2015

The purpose of the study is to investigate baseline data by exploring the self-esteem and general appearance management behavior in North Korean immigrant women. The data were collected from December 2014 to February 2015 from 201 participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 program. The followings are the results of the present study. 1) The mean score of self-esteem was 2.40 in 4 points, and the mean of the appearance concern was 3.20 in 5 points. And the mean of general appearance management behavior was 2.67 in 5 points. Subjects had a lot of make-up and clothes behaviors. However exercise, food intake behaviors of subjects were lowerer than average. 2) There were significant differences between self-esteem, the appearance concern and general charateristeics(e.g age, intent weight loss, interest in cosmetic surgery). In general appearance management behavior, there was a significant difference among age, interest in cosmetic surgery and job in North Korea. 3) There was a significant correlation among self-esteem and the appearance concern, general appearance management behavior, age, intent weight control as well as interest in cosmetic surgery. In the appearance concern, it showed a correlation with general appearance management behavior, age, intent weight control as well as interest in cosmetic surgery. In general appearance management behavior, there was a significant correlation among the age, intent weight control and interest in cosmetic surgery. 4) 44.7% of general appearance management behavior was explained: self-esteem, the appearance concern. Therefore, it can be suggested that utilization of developing programs for improving self-esteem and appearance management behavior.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develope nutritional teaching materials and programs for childcare major students by determining interrelations between nutritional knowledge, dietary habits and dietary self-efficacy. Out of 400 questionnaires distributed to the students majoring in childcare in Daegu, 354 were analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 program. The results were summarized as follows. Childcare major students' distributions of nutritional knowledge, dietary habits and dietary self-efficacy were approximately all middle levels. Nutritional knowledge scores were influenced by age and self-assessment of health. Childcare major students' dietary habits were influenced by age, the degree of satisfaction of diet, and the degree of interest in diet. Dietary self-efficacy of childcare major students was influenced by gender, satisfaction of diet, whether or not they were on a diet, recognition of the need for nutritional knowledge, and the degree of interest in diet. Nutritional knowledge and dietary habits were positively correlated with dietary self-efficacy of childcare major students. In short, childcare major students with higher nutritional knowledge scores had higher dietary self-efficacy. Further, childcare major students who had a regular diet and balanced dietary habits had stronger dietary self-efficacy.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 2015

In this study, it is explored the effect of fashion therapy on depression, positive emotion, negative emotion, appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy of female patients. Eight cancer patients and 12 general patients participated in the 4-week fashion therapy program. When comparing results before and after the fashion therapy, depression and negative emotions were significantly decreased while positive emotions and self-efficacy were significantly increased. There was no significant influence on appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. In group comparison, significant changes were observed in depression, positive emotion and negative emotion regardless of groups. However, cancer patients indicated a significant improvement in self-efficacy compared to general patients who did not whereas patients with a high level of depression showed a significant enhancement on body satisfaction compared to patients with a low level of depression. Also, patients with a low level of pain indicated a significant improvement on self-esteem and self-efficacy compared to patients with a high level of pain. Perceived effect and satisfaction of the fashion therapy were relatively high. Study results may positively contribute to building a knowledge and experimental base of fashion therapy that is widely applicable to diverse parties for the future.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2015

PISA 2012 showed that while Korean students achieved high-level math achievement in mathematics their levels are relatively lower in math self-efficacy. Students from Singapore, on the other hand, achieved high scores both in math achievement and in math self-efficacy. The results of the two countries differed although both countries has been sharing the same East Asian cultural sphere. This study analyzed the input and the process variables on the student- and school-level concerning math self-efficacy. The results were as follows. In Korea, math interest, instrumental motivation, elaboration strategies, applied and pure math tasks were the student-level variables that affected math self-efficacy. In Singapore, math interest, control strategies, elaboration strategies, applied and pure math tasks were the student-level variables that affected mathematics self-efficacy. Math club, teachers' low expectations were the school-level variables that affected math self-efficacy. For a higher-level of math self-efficacy in Korea, it is important to encourage students not only to use control strategies, but to participate in math clubs. It is equally important for teachers to have higher expectations towards students.