• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제66권2호
• /
• pp.51-74
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 독거노인의 스트레스와 자살생각 간의 관계에서 자기비판과 고독감의 다중매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 연구모형의 인과관계에서 사회적 지지의 조절효과가 있는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시의 강북구, 관악구, 금천구, 영등포구에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상 독거노인 572명을 대상으로 설문조사한 자료를 활용하여 구조방정식모형으로 매개효과와 조절효과를 검증하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 본 연구에서 설정한 경로모형은 관찰된 자료와 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 스트레스가 자살생각에 곧바로 정적인 영향을 미치는 것이라기보다, 스트레스가 높을수록 자기비판이 증가하고, 증가된 자기비판이 고독감을 증가시키며, 증가된 고독감은 자살생각을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 본 연구모형에서 사회적 지지는 독거노인의 고독감이 자살생각에 미치는 경로에서 사회적 지지의 정도에 따라 조절효과를 나타냈다. 본 연구에서는 독거노인의 자살생각을 감소시키기 위해서는 직접적으로 스트레스를 다루는 개입뿐만 아니라, 높은 수준의 자기비판과 고독감을 낮추는 동시에 사회적 지지를 증진시키는 개입이 병행되어야 함을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.145-166
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 애착불안과 애착회피가 사회비교경향성, 자기비난, 부정적 평가두려움을 매개하여 진로미결정수준에 미치는 직·간접적인 영향을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위해 4학년 재학 이상의 취업경험이 없는 20대 미취업자 401명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 애착불안이 높을수록 부정적 평가를 두려워하며, 사회비교를 하는 경향성이 있고, 자기비난을 많이 하는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 애착회피가 높을수록 부정적 평가를 두려워하며, 자기비난을 많이 하는 경향이 있는 반면 사회비교의 경향성은 낮았다. 둘째, 애착불안과 애착회피는 진로미결정수준과 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 애착불안, 애착회피, 진로미결정수준과의 관계에서 사회비교경향성, 자기비난, 부정적 평가두려움의 매개효과를 살펴본 결과, 애착유형에 따라 진로미결정수준으로 이어지는 매개효과의 양상에 차이가 있는 것으로 드러났다. 구체적으로, 애착불안은 자기비난과 사회비교경향성을 부분매개하여 진로미결정수준에 영향을 미치는 반면 애착회피는 자기비난과 사회비교경향성을 완전매개하여 진로미결정수준에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 함의와 후속연구를 위한 제언을 하였다.

• 영미문화
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.27-50
• /
• 2009

Henry James tries to describe minutely in The Wings of the Dove the process in which a bad faith grows, is practiced in one's self, and spreads to a society. Through this fictional specificity, he embodies an analogy between a bad faith and social role-playing. That is, he shows, through the main characters such as Milly Theale and Merton Densher, how self interacts with the other and a society. In this interaction, there is some essential element, namely, an organic relationship between a self identity and a social role-model, which James describes very meticulously. Therefore, the characters are depicted as seeking to define self identity and eventually distorting it. Thus, The Wings of the Dove can be seen as a tragedy in which the characters who have this wrongly distorted self identity come to experience its effects. The distorted self identity appears to function as a social role. Milly distorts her true self identity by internalizing a dove-image for it. This results in a bad faith. Moreover, the American girl Milly utilizes it as a convenient social role-model which makes it easy for her to interact and engage with the others in the European society. Merton also evades adventurous and painful self-reflection and self-criticism by sticking to the mannerisms of gentlemanship and imitates the sublimity which Milly shows him. Thus, Milly and Merton clearly omit self-inspection and self-inquiry for the contact between a free self and a society, which is essential to obtain social objectivity, namely, intersubjectivity.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 1997

This study was aimed to investigate dysfunctional attitudes, stress coping strategies and depressive symptoms in psychiatric patients. The subjects of this study consisted of 210 patients(138 schizophrenic patients, 29 depression patients, 43 alcohol dependence patients) according to DSM-IV criteria. Futhermore, the instruments were K-BDI(Beck Depression Inventory-Korean version), DAS(Dysfunctional Attitude Scale) and multidimensional coping strategy scale. The results were the following. 1) There were statistically significant correlations between depressive symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes in psychiatric patients. 2) In terms of coping strategies, there were positive correlations between depressive symptoms and focus on and venting emotions, accommodation, active forgetting, self-criticism, positive comparison, fatalism, passive withdrawal. Whereas, there was significant negative correlation between depressive symptom and active coping. 3) In terms of coping strategies, there were significant correlations between dysfunctional attitudes and focus on and venting emotions, active forgetting, self-criticism, positive comparison, fatalism, passive withdrawal. 4) Depression groups reported significantly higher BDI scores than schizophrenia groups. 5) In depression groups, DAS scores were significantly higher than those in schizophrenia groups. 6) In terms of coping strategies according to diagnosis, there were significant differences in venting emotions, active forgetting and self-criticism. As for venting emotions, alcoholic groups were scored significantly higher than schizophrenic groups. As for active forgetting, depression groups were scored significantly higher than schizophrenic groups. In self-criticism, depression groups and alcohol dependence groups reported significantly higher scores than schizophrenic groups.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.343-354
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 수영전념치료(ACT)의 6가지 핵심 치료 과정이 평가염려 완벽주의의 자기비난과 이분법적 사고를 감소시키고, 최종적으로 우울까지 감소시킬 수 있다는 가설을 세우고 이를 검증하고자 하였다. 4년제 대학에 다니고 있는 대학생 400명 중 평가염려 완벽주의와 우울이 높고 사전면담을 통해 프로그램 참여에 동의한 22명을 최종적으로 선별하였다. 참가자들은 무작위로 수용전념치료 집단과 통제집단에 각각 11명씩 할당되었다. 수용전념치료 집단에는 총 8회기의 수용전념치료 프로그램을 진행 하였으며, 통제집단에는 어떠한 처치도 행해지지 않았다. 수용전념치료 집단과 통제집단은 프로그램 전, 프로그램이 종료되는 시점 및 프로그램 종결 6주 후에 평가염려 완벽주의, 자기비난, 이분법적 사고, 우울, 수용행동에 대한 질문지에 응답하였다. 그 결과, 수용전념치료(ACT) 프로그램에 참여한 참가자는 통제 집단보다 프로그램 후 평가염려 완벽주의, 자기비난, 이분법적 사고 및 우울 수준이 유의하게 더 감소하였고, 수용 행동은 유의하게 더 증가하였으며, 이것이 추적까지 유지되었다. 반면에 통제 집단에서는 사전, 사후, 추적에서 유의한 변화가 없었다. 본 논문의 마지막에 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 후속 연구에 대한 제언이 논의되었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.1079-1092
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of self-leadership on organizational effectiveness and job performance in the dental hygienist. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 281 dental hygienists in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggido from March 1 to 31, 2016. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, self-leadership, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job performance. Data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The average of self-leadership was 3.62, self-reward had highest score of 3.84, followed by rehearsal 3.73, self-expectation 3.72, self-goal setting 3.51, constructive thinking 3.48, and self-criticism 3.45. The average of organizational commitment was 3.11, and that of job satisfaction was 3.11 and the average of job performance was 3.70. Among the sub-factors of self-leadership, self-expectation, self-goal setting, constructive thinking showed a positive correlation with organizational commitment and job satisfaction. All sub-factors except for self-criticism showed a positive correlation with job performance. Among the sub-factors of self-leadership, self-expectation (${\beta}=0.350$), constructive thinking (${\beta}=0.124$), self-reward (${\beta}=0.106$), rehearsal (${\beta}=0.102$) showed a significant effect together with job satisfaction (${\beta}=0.187$) on job performance. Also, age, education level, clinical career, the average monthly salary showed a significant effect on job performance. Conclusions: The self-leadership and job satisfaction of in the dental hygienist had influence on job performance. To improve the job performance of dental hygienists, it is necessary to apply self-leadership development program focusing on the strengthening of self-expectation and constructive thinking.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2021

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive investigative study to analyze the effects of sub-factors of cognitive emotional control on life goals. The subjects of the study were 184 people in their 20s, and they were collected online from December 2020 to January 5, 2021 using structured cognitive control capabilities and life goal questionnaires. The collected data were performed using SPSS 18.0 for Frequency, Independent Sample t-test, Pearson correction analysis, Simple regression analysis, and Multiple regression analysis. According to the study, men had both life-oriented and achievement-oriented life goals higher than women. Among the sub-factors of cognitive emotional control (positive focus change, positive reassessment, expansion of view, re-accept plan, acceptance, rumination, self-criticism, others criticism, and destruction) were male and female were higher in self-criticism. Factors affecting life-oriented life goals have been shown to be expanding views, re-accepting plans, and criticizing others, while positive re-evaluation negatively affects achievement-oriented life goals. Based on these results, life-oriented life-goals tend to exhibit adaptive responses to expand views and revise plans and maladaptive responses to blame others, while achievement-oriented life-goals have the ability to positively reassess situations, modify plans and accept negative reactions.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This study examined the stress-coping methods used by Dental Hygiene students according to their degree of self-leadership to provide basic data for students' self-leadership training programs. Methods : Dental Hygiene students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were surveyed to measure their self-leadership in six categories-self-expectation, rehearsal, goal-setting, self-compensation, self-criticism, and constructive thinking-sand, in four categories-sproblem-centered coping, social support coping, emotional coping, and wishful thinking coping-son a scale of 1 through 5. Results : The findings of the study were as follows: The overall average score of self-leadership was 3.34 and the scores for each subfactor were 3.82 for self-compensation, 3.57 for self-expectation, 3.44 for rehearsal, 3.42 for goal-setting, 3.30 for self-criticism, and 3.12 for constructive thinking. The overall average score of stress-coping was 3.29 out of 5 and the scores for active coping were 3.14 for problem-centered coping and 3.38 for social support coping and for passive coping were 3.69 for wishful thinking coping and 2.95 for emotional coping. Self-leadership showed significant difference in terms of satisfaction with major and motivation for application. The six sub-factors of self-leadership and problem-centered coping and wishful thinking coping, the sub-factors of stress-coping, had significant correlations. Self-compensation and constructive thinking were significant factors of self-leadership that affect stress-coping. Conclusions : Based on the above findings, it was found that Dental Hygiene students' self-leadership is related to the use of efficient stress-coping. Therefore, it would be necessary to develop and apply educational approaches to improve their self-leadership so they can efficiently cope with various stressors that they will face after finding jobs.

• 산경연구논집
• /
• 제10권11호
• /
• pp.35-47
• /
• 2019

Purpose: Current study focused on investigating the effects of the self-dissociation as a thought in which consumers dis-identify or dissociate with the threatened in-group and the escapism as a tendency of consumers' distracting themselves and avoiding their thoughts about the in-group under severe but adoptable criticism by turning their attention elsewhere on across-domain compensatory consumption intention. And It explored not only the positive roles of undesirability thought against the in-group in consumers' forming the self-dissociation and the escapism, but also the effects of negative emotion to the in-group felt at the place of being exposed to the criticism against the in-group on the escapism. Research design, data, and methodology: The experiment was performed with the in-group-threatening single factor within-subject design. Questionnaire data were collected from 196 undergraduate students, and the data were used to testing research hypotheses by structural equation model of Amos 21.0. Results: First, both the self-dissociation of consumers' dis-identifying with the in-group criticized severely by others and the escapism of their deliberately directing their thoughts and distracting their attention away from thinking the in-group positively influenced on the across-domain compensatory consumption intention. Second, the negative emotion positively influenced on the escapism. Third, the undesirability thought to the in-group under the severe criticism positively effected on the self-dissociation as well as the escapism. Putting in the nutshell, the findings of this study are consistent with the idea that consumers can overcome the negative self-discrepancy on one dimension of their social identity by distracting themselves and avoiding thinking about the threatened in-group to find meaning on another dimension which might lead them to the place of doing the across-domain compensatory consumption. Conclusions - Focusing on the results of this study, checking which aspects of consumers' social identity are linked to products or brands is at issue to marketers when the consumers are faced with the criticism against the in-group. The marketers should build the messages about their products or brand not related to the checked aspects, and communicate the messages, to lead the consumers to the place of doing the across-domain compensatory consumption by their products or brands.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.80-87
• /
• 1977

The present study was undertaken to find the factors affecting academic achievement in a nursing school. 172 students were selected for this study and were divided into higher & lower 12 percent. Tools & measures used for this study were the interest test, personality test, test of self-concept, test of adjustment & school achievement. The major findings obtained from this study were as follows : 1. Factors affecting school achievement except intellectuality were thus : 1) Artistic interest, literary interest, scientific interest biological & scientific interest -physical affected the academic achievement . 2) Sociability, reasonability, depression & refractiveness affected the academic achievement. 3) Self criticism, total positive self-score, & personal self - score affected the academic achievement. 4) Adjustment to school, personal economics, health & value Morality affected the academic achievement. 2. Correlation between school achievement & interest, personality, self-concept or adjustment in the higher 81 lower group were thus; 1) There was a significant relationship between academic achievement & the following: artistic interest, scientific interest-biological, scientific interest-physical, out-door interest, refractiveness, sociability, responsibility, depression, self satis faction- score, personal self -score, social self - score, self behavior score, adjustment to school, health & values morality in the higher group. 2) There were no significant factors related with academic achievement in the lower group. 3. Difference or difference in relationship between higher & lower group in the interest, personality, self-concept & adjustment were as follows, : 1) There was a significant difference between higher & lower group in artistic -interest. literary interest, scientific interest-biological , out-door interest, sociability, depression, refractiveness, self criticism, total positive self score, personal self score, adjustment to school, personal economics, health & values morality. 2) There was a significant difference in relationships between higher & lower group in artistic interest, scientific interest, scientific 3) There was a significant difference in relationships between higher 8E lower group in artistic interest, scientific interest -biological, out -door interest , sociability, responsibility, refractiveness, depression, self identity score, self satisfaction score, adjustment to school, health, personality & value morality.