• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.8-18
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• 2012

1. Objectives : This study aimed to assessing the reliability of questionnaire for Japanese as one of method to diagnose Sasang Constitution and evaluating the possibility of applying domestic questionnaire to foreign site. 2. Methods : A cross-sectional survey approved by IRB (Independent Review Board) at Tohoku University was performed for 119 participants with informed consent at a particular city in Japan using self-reported questionnaires developed by KIOM (Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine). Among the entire samples, 112 were retested. The test-retest reliability was assessed by Kappa for normal variables and internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha. 3. Results : Four of 77 questions are impossible to calculate consistency owing to unsymmetric matrix between primary reply and secondary one. Seventeen of them (22%) showed 0.4 or below in Kappa, 56 were ranged from 0.4 to 0.8 and no question marked 0.8 or over. Internal consistency was possibly checked for several questions about character, digestion, sweat, excrement, urine, cold-heat pattern. Cronbach's alpha for questions except urine and cold-heat pattern was over 0.6 4. Conclusions : On the basis of Kappa value by two self reported questionnaire, 72.7% of questions showed 0.4 or over so that reliability were highly secured. And other questions except for urine and heat-cold pattern marked 0.6 or over in order that internal consistency was also successfully maintained. Accordingly, when subsequently applying KIOM questionnaire to foreign site, domestic questionnaire should be properly adjusted in social and cultural background, lifestyle, etc.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.521-531
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• 2010

Interval-censored observations are common in medical and epidemiologic studies; however, limited studies exist due to the complexity and special structure of interval-censoring. This paper introduces the imputation method and the self consistency method in the interval-censored data. We propose a new method of generating random numbers under an interval-censoring set-up. Through simulation studies we compare two methods under various simulation schemes in the sense of the mean squared error for estimating the median survival time and the mean integrated squared error for estimating the survival function. Under a moderate censoring percentage, the mean imputation method showed a better performance than the self-consistency method in estimating the median survival time and the survival function.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.148-156
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• 2010

Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) is a serious consequence of chemotherapy that cancer patients must undergo. The objectives of this study were to find out reliability and validity of patients self-reported daily questionnaires on OM, and the impact OM makes on daily functions. Method: To test the reliability of oral mucositis daily questionnaire (OMDQ), internal consistency of the instrument (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and correlation between items) and test-retest reliability were analyzed. Criterion validity and discriminative validity were evaluated using WHO, oral assessment guide, and Nicolatou assessment tool. Forty-eight acute leukemic patients under chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Result: The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient indicated sufficient internal consistency. Correlations of Mouth and throat soreness (MTS) and MTSActivity Limitations (MTS-AL) were statistically significant. MTS and MTS-AL scores on consecutive days were highly correlated (days13,14=.84-.96; test-retest reliability). OMDQ scale had high criterion validity and discriminative validity. Patients with more severe WHO OM grades had higher MTS mean scores. Conclusion: Oral mucositis in acute leukemic patients under going chemotherapy can be easily quantified by patient self-administered OMDQ with reliability and validity.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2001

The development of this inventory for measuring the parenting self-efficacy of Korean mothers took place in Seoul with 473 mothers of 5th and 6th grade children. Means, %, ${\chi}^2$, Cramer's V, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Split-half Reliability, factor analysis and Pearson's r were used for data analysis. Five parenting self-efficacy factors were extracted from the 37 items developed for this study. Subscales were General Parenting Self-Efficacy, Health, Communication, Education, and Control. Criterion Validity of the 37 items was confirmed by a significant correlation with the Shin's parenting self-efficacy(r=.71). Internal consistency of this scale was high (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.92$), including internal reliability of subscales. Factor validity was satisfactory at .65 - .86. These results confirm this scale as a valid and reliable measure of the parenting self-efficacy of Korean mothers.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 2003

Various researches on the application of polymer dispersions to the cement mortar and concrete have been practised in many countries like America, Japan and Germany and so on because of high performance and good modification effect of these. In this study, SBR, Polymer dispersion that widely used in situ is employed that the self-flowability may be induced in the cemen mortar. In order to comprehend and investigate the modification of cement mortar with self-flowability by SBR and properties and fracture mode of adhesive strength in tension of that, experimental parameter was set as SBR solid-Cement ratio(S/C) and Cement:Fine aggregate(C:F) and the experiments such as Unit weight, Flow, Consistency change, Crack resistance and Segregation that inform on the general properties have been done. In addition of that, Adhesion in tension is measured with a view to comprehending the properties and fracture mode in tensile load. Consistency change of cement mortar modified by SBR did grow better as the ratio of SBR solid-Cement increased and was much superior to that of resin based flooring such as polyurethane and epoxy which recorded the loss of consistency in 90min. after mixing. Adhesive strength in tension increased with continuity in the curing age and showed the maximum in case of C:F=1:1 and S/C=20%. As the increase of curing age, the fracture mainly happened in the concrete substrate and the interface between the specimen and concrete substrate.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to develop a Multi-dimensional Body Image Scale for Malaysian female adolescents. Data were collected among 328 female adolescents from a secondary school in Kuantan district, state of Pahang, Malaysia by using a self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. The self-administered questionnaire comprised multiple measures of body image, Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26; Gamer & Garfinkel, 1979) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Inventory (Rosenberg, 1965). The 152 items from selected multiple measures of body image were examined through factor analysis and for internal consistency. Correlations between Multi-dimensional Body Image Scale and body mass index (BMI), risk of eating disorders and self-esteem were assessed for construct validity. A seven factor model of a 62-item Multi-dimensional Body Image Scale for Malaysian female adolescents with construct validity and good internal consistency was developed. The scale encompasses 1) preoccupation with thinness and dieting behavior, 2) appearance and body satisfaction, 3) body importance, 4) muscle increasing behavior, 5) extreme dieting behavior, 6) appearance importance, and 7) perception of size and shape dimensions. Besides, a multidimensional body image composite score was proposed to screen negative body image risk in female adolescents. The result found body image was correlated with BMI, risk of eating disorders and self-esteem in female adolescents. In short, the present study supports a multi-dimensional concept for body image and provides a new insight into its multi-dimensionality in Malaysian female adolescents with preliminary validity and reliability of the scale. The Multi-dimensional Body Image Scale can be used to identify female adolescents who are potentially at risk of developing body image disturbance through future intervention programs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.537-546
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of grit with well-being and self-efficacy. Grit was considered as a two-factor variable with consistency of interest and perseverance of effort. For the empirical analysis, data were collected from the sample of 237 nurses working at general hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26 to test the hypothetical relationships. It was suggested that two factors of grit would be possible associated with well-being. However, the results of this study showed that the consistency of interest part of grit had non-significant effect on well-being, Perseverance of effort part of grit had indirect effect on well-being through fully mediation effect of self-efficacy. This study confirmed that grit, some how, positively related to well-being and variables such as, self-efficacy, could be a important variable to bridge grit to well-being. Further studies were suggested to perform studies on more about grit's two factors and unexplored external variables between grit and well-being of nursing professionals.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.55-70
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• 2005

The Teachers' Job Stress Scale(D'Arienzo, 1981) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale(Kim & Cho, 1996) were used to study 170 child care teachers. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Pearson's partial correlation, stepwise multiple regression(forward), path analysis, Internal consistency(Cronbach's $\alpha$), and factor analysis. Results showed that job stress was low for teachers of the national child care center, university graduates, higher salaried, and married teachers. Self-efficacy was high among teachers with more than 2 years experience, married status, and previous experience. Correlation between teacher's job stress and self-efficacy was -.19. Self-efficacy and demographic variables for job stress explained 8~22% of the variability. Self-efficacy intermediated between job stress and demographic variables. Monthly salary directly affected job stress.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.739-746
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• 2003

Various researches on the application of polymer dispersions to the cement mortar and concrete have been carried out in many countries like America, Japan and Germany and so on due to their high performance and good modification effect. PAE of polymer dispersion widely used in situ was employed that the high flowability may be induced in the cement mortar. In order to investigate the modification of cement mortar with high flowability by PAE and fracture mode of adhesive strength properties in tension of that, experimental parameters were set as PAE solid-cement ratio(P/C) and cement: fine aggregate(C:F) and the experiments such as unit weight, flow, consistency change, crack resistance and segregation that inform on the general properties have been done. Adhesion in tension is measured with a view to comprehending the properties and fracture mode in tensile load. Consistency change of cement mortar modified by PAE did grow better as the ratio of PAE solid-cement increased and was much superior to that of resin based flooring such as polyurethane and epoxy which recorded the loss of consistency in 90 min. after mixing. Adhesive strength in tension increased with continuity during curing period and showed the maximum in case of C:F=1:1 and P/C=20%.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.437-445
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• 2022

This study is a descriptive research to investigate the effects of nursing college students in graduation year, self-management competency and grit on employment preparation behavior. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 program, frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. Self-management competency(r=.41, p<.001) and persistence of effort(r=.44, p<.001) of the grit sub-factor showed a positive correlation with employment preparation behavior. Interest consistency(r=-34, p<.001) of the grit sub-factor and employment preparation behavior showed a negative correlation. Self-management competency(β=.27, p<.01) and persistence of effort of the grit sub-factor(β=.22, p<.01) had a positive effect on employment preparation behavior. Interest consistency of grit sub-factor(β=-.32, p<.001) showed a negative effect on employment preparation behavior. In order to promote the employmentt preparation behavior of nursing students, it is necessary to improve self-management competency and persistence in effort. It also suggests that a strategy to suggest various nursing-related employment fields is needed to reduce interest consistency.