• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.60-76
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• 2006

This study aimed to investigate buying behaviors of cosmetics for female university students in Korea, China, and Japan as related to their lifestyles. For data analysis, a survey was conducted to total 12,000 females university students in 4-year university in Seoul, Tokyo, and Beijing from March 11 to April 14 in 2002. A total of 1,165 were collected and 1,127 were finally used in the analysis (361 in Korea, 381 in China, and 385 in Japan). Data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, frequency analysis, Cronbach's a, t-test and Duncan's Multiple Range test by using SPSS statistics package. The lifestyle segmentations identified 5 groups for Korea, 5 groups for China and 2 groups for Japan. Segments in each country showed significant differences in selected variables, the satisfaction with cosmetics and in places to purchase cosmetics.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2010

The $\{10\bar{1}2\}$ twinning characteristics, such as active twin variants, volume fraction of twins with strain, twin morphology, twin texture and angle relationship between twins, were dependent on the activation mode (i.e., tension parallel to the caxis or compression perpendicular to the c-axis). The selection criterion of active twin variants was governed by the Schmid law. This activation of selected twin variants depending on the activation mode consequently caused a totally different plastic deformation behavior in two activation modes. The differences in the deformation characteristics, such as flow stress and work hardening rate, between both activation modes were explained in relation with activation stresses for slips and twinning, relative activities of twinning and slips during plastic deformation, grain refining effect by twin boundaries (Hall-Petch effect), and twinning-induced change in activities of slips.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2020

Cooperative behavior may seem contrary to the notion of natural selection and adaptation, but is widely observed in nature, from the genetic level to the organism. The origin and persistence of cooperative behavior has long been a mystery to scientists studying evolution and ecology. One of the important research topics in the field of evolutionary ecology and behavioral ecology is to find out why cooperation is maintained over time. In this paper we take a historical overview of mathematical models representing cooperative relationships from the perspective of mathematical biology, which studies population dynamics between interacting biological groups, and analyze the mathematical characteristics and meanings of these cooperative models.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.102-107
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• 2009

Recently, the use of barrette pile is remarkably increased specially for high-rise building and bridge foundations. However, on the contrary, very few studies have been made for analyzing barrette pile behavior considering interface behavior between pile and soils around. Therefore, in this paper, these effects are evaluated by using the 3-dimensional non-linear finite element method with the results of full-scale pile load test from the fields. In addition to that, the selection of proper stiffness modulus on the pile interface is discussed.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.559-570
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• 2008

This paper proposes an improved particle swarm optimization named PSO with Controllable Random Exploration Velocity (PSO-CREV) behaving an additional exploration behavior. Different from other improvements on PSO, the updating principle of PSO-CREV is constructed in terms of stochastic approximation diagram. Hence a stochastic velocity independent on cognitive and social components of PSO can be added to the updating principle, so that particles have strong exploration ability than those of conventional PSO. The conditions and main behaviors of PSO-CREV are described. Two properties in terms of "divergence before convergence" and "controllable exploration behavior" are presented, which promote the performance of PSO-CREV. An experimental method based on a complex test function is proposed by which the proper parameters of PSO-CREV used in practice are figured out, which guarantees the high exploration ability, as well as the convergence rate is concerned. The benchmarks and applications on FCRNN training verify the improvements brought by PSO-CREV.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2013

Adequate design of engineered barriers, including canister, buffer and backfill, is important for the safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Three-dimensional computer simulations were carried out under different condition to examine the thermal and mechanical behavior of engineered barriers and rock mass. The research looked at five areas of importance, the effect of the swelling pressure, water content of buffer, density of compacted bentonite, emplacement type and the selection of failure criteria. The results highlighted the need to consider tensile stress in the outer shell of a canister due to thermal expansion of the canister and the swelling pressure from the buffer for a more reliable design of an underground repository system. In addition, an adequate failure criterion should be used for the buffer and backfill.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2001

This study is to analyze the dress symbolism described in the traditional Korean narrative focusing on the psychological side. As a result of the analysis, human nature and personality were characterized as following : integrity and feminine modesty among others. These characteristics prove that human nature and personality are symbolized by dress. Through protagonists'dress in the traditional Korean narrative, the quality and price of texture, attire, clothing selection according to the situation, appearance in dress, grade of interest towards costume, and behavior that accompany the costume, it was symbolically expressed the personality of the person who wear the dress. Feeling and psychological state were represented by joy, anger, affection, and hatred. Also, it was observed that the feeling and the psychological state are symbolized through the costume ; however, these two characteristics are symbolized not only with costume itself but also with the behavior that accompanies the situation and costume. The latter were considered more important factor than the former.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2000

The main objectives of this study are to compare the obtained mechanical characteristics of reduced-scale model materials with those of the prototype and to provide the information on the best selection of materials. Manufacturing techniques on the micro-concrete and reduced reinforcement are introduced. The test results of these materials are shown to be satisfactory with regard to the similitude requirement. The simple beam tests were performed to verify similitude in the bond behavior between micro-concrete and reduced reinforcement. Those results also prove that these manufacturing and experimental techniques are useful and reliable for reduced-scale model tests.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.191-209
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• 2015

Hybrid girders can be constructed in different geometrical forms and from different materials. Selection of beam's effective constellation represents a complex process considering the variations of geometrical parameters, changes of built in material characteristics and their mutual relations, which has important effect on the behavior of the girder. This paper presents the theoretical and experimental research on behavior of the timber-steel hybrid girders' different geometrical constellation with external prestressing and in different conditions of timber moisture. These researches are based on linear elastic analysis, and further refine by using the plasticity and damage models.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.790-794
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• 1995

Differential equations governing dynamic behavior of toroid-shaped ferro-magnetic material having a small gap of uniform width were derived incorporating Maxwell equations of electromagnetic induction relevent to the system and Newtonian equation of motion. Once the external uniform magnetic field was applied within the material through dc-circuit around the toroid, gap begin to change which lead to the abrupt variation of field in the material and gap according to the differential equations already derived. Characteristics of current and electromotive force with respect to time in the circuit consisting of inductance and resistance in series could be predicted from numerical solutions of these equations. As current in the circuit increasesl, magnetic field in the material increases, thus, the gap starts to shrink due to increased attractive force between gap and elastic restoring force in the material. With an appropriate selection of elastic constant of toroidal ferromagnetic material and design of gap structure it is possible to obtain the specified in both linear and nonlinear magnetic characteristics, such as current dependent and independent inductance.