• 제목/요약/키워드: seedling soil

검색결과 718건 처리시간 0.023초

벼 담수토중직파재배시 종자분의 재료에 따른 입모향상 효과 (Improvement of Rice Seedling Emergence by Seed Coating Materials in Direct Seeding into Flooded Paddy Soil)

  • 원종건;최충돈;이외현;이상철;김칠용;최부술
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.286-291
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    • 1997
  • 벼 담수토중직파시 산화제 종자분의에 의한 초기 출아입모 향상 효과를 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 산화환원전위차는 무처리가 가장 낮게 경과하였으며, KNO$_3$가 대체로 높으면서 산화 기간이 오래 지속되었던 반면 CaO$_2$는 타처리에 비해 약간 낮게 경과하는 경향이었고, 산화제처리로 출아기간동안 종자주위의 토양환원억제에 상당한 영향을 미쳤다. 2. 토양 pH변화는 무처리에서 7이상으로 가장 높게 경과하여 논토양의 환원된 상태를 보였으며, 산화제 처리구에서는 초기에 낮았다가 점차 높아지는 경향을 보였으나 무처리보다 낮아 일시적으로 토양을 산성화 시키는 효과를 보였다. 3. 입모수는 CaO$_2$가 파종후 8일경에 60%이상의 출아율을 보였고, 특이산성토 처리는 CaO$_2$ 보다는 낮았지만 무처리에 비해 입모율은 많이 향상되었다. 4. 초기생육에서 초장은 처리간 차이가 인정되지 않았고, 엽령차이는 CaO$_2$ 및 특이산성토에서 7.6매로 무처리의 6.2매에 비하여 1.4매 정도 많아 잎의 전개가 더 빨랐으며 근장 또한 CaO$_2$ 분의종자에서 10.2cm로 가장 길었고, 경수는 CaO$_2$와 특이산성토 피복종자에서 가장 많았다. 5. 본 실험에서 CaO$_2$는 입모가 균일하고 출아 소요 기간도 짧아 담수토중 직파재배에서 벼 종자 분의 재료로 가장 우수하였으며, 특이산성토분의에서도 양호하여 그 가능성을 검토할 수 있었다.

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벼 직파재배(直播栽培) 입묘율향상(立苗率向上)과 도복경감(倒伏輕減) (Improvement of Seedling Stand and Lodging Prevention in Direct Seeded Rice)

  • 오윤진;김정곤
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.200-222
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    • 1992
  • The results of recent researches for improvement of seedling stand in direct seeded rice on the dry paddy in Korea were summarized as the following ; a variety to be cultivated should be chosen the characteristics of high percentage germination under low temperature, shorter period of shoot emergence, and better growth of the mesocotyl and shoots. Meanwhile, there was 40% increase in seedling stand at the treatment of removal of the seed awn under using the drill seeder. After seeding the rice seed covered with soil of 3cm depth was better seedling emergence and also there was the hightest seedling emergence at the 70% of moisture content of the soil. In addition, the application of the Release containing GA 10% enabled to increase the seedling stand and furthermore it was effective under deep seeding depth. The optimum seeding date should be seeded around May 10 when mean air temperature is above 12-13$^{\circ}C$ so that may establish more less 70% in seedling stand. Based on an appropriate seedling stand of 150/$m^2$, the optimum seeding rate was 5kg/10a. It was the best in seeding method using drill seeder and the most desirable recommended seeding method was the drill seeder in terms of seedling stand. In order to improve seedling stand water management was more effective in canal irrigation and in drainage at 6hr after irrigation following by the seeding process. On the other hand, for the increase of seedling stand under flooded condition a variety might have characters being better germination at low concentration of dissolved oxygen and vertically deeper growing of the crown root. Also, seedling stand was able to increase with the seed coating of $CaO_2$in the flooded soil. It was possible to be seeded on the early part of May being mean air temperature of avove 10$^{\circ}C$ and the optimum seeding rate was 5kg/10a. For an effective water management water would be flooded up to 3cm depth for 2-3 weeks after seeding. The rice plant grown under the direct seeded cultivation might be not so much strong in lodging resistance compared to that grown under the transplanting and moreover direct seeded rice cultivation under flooded condition would be more weak growth of the rice plant than that on dry paddy. Meanwhile, the lodging would be affected by the seeding rate, the soil depth after seeding. and seeding method even in the same variety. In particular, roots in the lodging pattern of direct seeded rice cultivation under flooded condition were largely distributed on the soil surface so that resulted easily in the lodging. In general, the lodging resistance would be greater as seeding rate and amount of N fertilizer application are lower and soil depth after seeding is higher. Among the introduction of different seeding method the high ridged drill seeding method on dry paddy soil resulted in the lowest in the lodging index and also it was lower in the drill seeding method than in the scattering seeding method under flooded condition. In case of more than 150 seedlings per $m^2$ there was a severe lodging due to high lodging index at the 3rd and 4th internodes. The effective lodging prevention was able to at the treatment of the Inabenfide at 45 days before heading and the Uniconazol at 15 days before heading which caused the shortage by 10-15cm in culm length. Also, fertilizer management using split application of nitrogen would be contributed the reduction of lodging at the rate of 20-30-20-20-10%(basal-5th leaf stage-7th leaf stage-panicle initiation stage-heading stage) on the dry paddy soil.

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DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPLANT PRODUCTION IN CLOSED SYSTEM PART I

  • Uenaka, T.;Murase, H.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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    • pp.757-763
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    • 2000
  • It is fundamental to control individual condition of every seedling. Automatic individual control is used by data control and analysis at on-line. As a result the best condition system was build without all waste. This system uses one of new technology irrigation system. This irrigation system supply accurate quantity of nutrient solution in the shortest time. The system named the upward injection irrigation system. First of all it is necessary to be considered whether the soil is proper or improper for upward injection irrigation system. It is important that root absorb nutrient solution as fast as possible. The ability of spreading, storing water, contamination of environment and cost were considered when choose the medium. The soil of organic culture is developed recently. The soil consists of paper pulp and vermiculite. The new soil is more suitable than ordinary medium for growing plant because this medium is made of paper pulp. The ability of store and spread of water is it's feature. We can make paper tray of this paper pulp's raw material. It is possible that pulp tray replaced plastic tray. The original plug tray of growing seedling system can make which consist of pulp medium and pulp tray. In this study, it was examined whether the plug seedling of paper pulp medium grow with upward injection irrigation system in this seedling plant system. At the same time, examine ability of store and spread of water and how to grow plant on the paper pulp medium.

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산지(産地) 반양직묘포(半養直苗圃)에서의 묘삼수량(苗蔘收量)과 토양이화학성간(土壤理化學性間)의 관계조사(關係調査) (Relationship Between Yield of Seedling and Soil Physico-Chemical Components of Ban-Yang-Jik Nursery in Ginseng Plantation)

  • 이종철;변정수;안대진
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 1988
  • 산지(産地) 반양직묘포(半養直苗圃)(활엽수(闊葉樹)를 많이 넣고 여러번 경운(耕耘)한 밭흙을 곱게 쳐서 만든 묘포(苗圃)) 29개포장(個圃場)에서 묘포토양(苗圃土壤) 이화학성(理化學性)과 묘삼수량(苗蔘收量)과의 관계룰 조사한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 사용가능묘삼생산량(使用可能苗蔘生産量)은 간(間)($90{\times}180cm$) 당(當) $362{\pm}226$본(本)이었다. 2. 세사(細砂)+극세사(極細砂)의 함량(含量)이 많을수록 묘삼개체근중(苗蔘個體根重)이 감소(減少)되었다. 3. 묘포토양내(苗圃土壤內)에서 pH는 OM, K, Ca 및 Mg와, EC는 Ca, Mg 및 N와 각각(各各) 정상관(正相關)이 있었다. 4. 묘삼개체중(苗蔘個體重)은 토양내(土壤內) pH 상승(上昇)과 OM, K, Ca 및 $P_2O_5$ 함량(含量)이 많을수록 증가(增加)되나 N과는 상관(相關)이 없었다. 5. 토양내(土壤內)에 $P_2O_5$, K 및 Ca 함량(含量)이 많을수록 묘삼근내(苗蔘根內) 함량(含量)이 증가(增加)되었다. 6. 근내(根內)의 $P_2O_5$, K의 흡수(吸收)가 증가(增加)될수록 묘삼개체근중(苗蔘個體根重)이 증가(增加)되었다.

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재육채묘법에 관한 시험 제 1보 원묘의 생산법에 관한 시험 (Studies of Mulberry Seedling preparation by Cattage Method. First Report. Studies of Mulberry Seedling Root preparation by Graving young Branches in Soil)

  • 박병희;김문협;김관극;유근섭;조철호
    • 한국잠사곤충학회지
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    • 제2권
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 1962
  • 가. 신소의 매복시기는 신소가 60~80cm 신장하게 되면 어느때에 행하여도 무방하다. 나. 모주 1주당 신소의 매복본수는 무제한으로 하면 발육불량으로 인한 불량 조수가 많아져서 원묘의 생산량이 많지 못하니 15~28본으로 제한 매복하는 것이 노력이 절약된다. 다. 원묘포의 토성으로서는 점질토에서 보다 사질양토에서 묘질은 좋아지지만 원묘의 생산량에는 차가 없다. 라. 신소를 매복할 때의 시비의 효과는 없으며 7~8월경에 주는 추비의 효과도 별로 없는 것 같다. 마. 상품종별로는 원묘의 생산량이 개량서반이 제일 많았고 시평 수원대엽 도내 용천추우 수원상 3호 및 수원상 4호는 중위정도였으며 노상이 가장 적었다. 일반적으로 백상 및 산상계의 상품종이 노상계의 상품종 보다 원묘의 생산량 및 묘질이 좋다.

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수도상자육묘용(水稻箱子育苗用) 전용복합비료(專用複合肥料) 개발연구(開發硏究) II. 비효시험(肥效試驗) (Studies on the Development of Compound Fertilizer for Raising Rice Seedling in Trays for Machine Transplanting II. Effect of Compound Fertilizer for Raising Rice Seedling in Trays)

  • 최두회;육창수;신제성
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.199-203
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    • 1990
  • 1. pH가 6.4인 상토(床土)에 복비시제품(複肥試製品) 시용(施用)으로 생육기간중(生育期間中)의 상토(床土) pH가 4.0~5.4로 유지(維持)되었다. 2. 복비시제품구(複肥試製品區)의 묘생육상황(苗生育狀況)은 단비구(單肥區)에 비(比)하여 건물중(乾物重)과 엽수(葉數)가 많았으며 건물중(乾物重)/초장비(草長比)도 높았고, 묘립고병(苗立枯病)의 발생률(發生率)도 적었다. 3. 묘(苗)의 무기성함량(無機成分含量)은 생육기간(生育初期)에는 단비구(單肥區)에 비하여 복비시제품구(複肥試製品區)가 다소 낮았으나 생육후기(生育後期)에는 높은 경향(傾向)이었다. 4. 복비시제품(複肥試製品)을 1회(回) 전량기비(全量基肥)로 시용(施用)하여 성력재배(省力化栽培)가 가능(可能)하였고, 건묘(健苗)를 육성(育成)할 수 있었다.

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Germination and Seedling Emergence of Ammannia coccinea as Influenced by Environmental Factors

  • Shen, Xiangri;Pyon, Jong-Yeong;Kim, Do-Soon
    • 한국잡초학회지
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.84-93
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    • 2010
  • 다양한 환경조건에서 미국좀부처꽃의 발아 및 출아 특성을 평가하기 위하여 식물생장상에서 페트리 디쉬와 포트 실험을 수행하였다. 미국좀부처꽃은 $35/30^{\circ}C$와 0 bar의 삼투포텐셜 조건에서 발아가 가장 잘되었으나 온도가 $15^{\circ}C$ 이하나 $40^{\circ}C$ 이상, 삼투포텐셜이 -2.0 bar 이하와 암조건에서 발아되지 않았다. 출아의 최적온도는 $35/30^{\circ}C$로 판단되며 이 조건에서 파종 후 7일차에 출아가 개시되어 10일차에 최대 출아율에 도달하였으며, 온도가 $15/10^{\circ}C$ 이하나 $40/35^{\circ}C$ 이상 조건에서는 출아가 안 되거나 현저히 감소하였다. 파종심도의 증가에 따라 출아율은 현저히 감소하여 3 cm 이상의 파종심도에서는 출아하지 않았다. 비선형회귀분석을 한 결과 파종 후 시간의 경과에 따른 미국좀부처꽃의 누적 발아 및 출아는 Gompertz 모델로 잘 설명되었으며 삼투포텐셜에 따른 발아와 파종심도에 따른 출아는 logistic 모델로 잘 설명되었다. 결론적으로 미국좀부처꽃은 광발아성으로 발아 및 출아 가능 온도는 $15^{\circ}C$ 이상, 삼투포텐셜은 -2.0bar 이상, 토양심도는 3 cm 이하임을 본 연구를 통하여 확인하였다.

The Effect of Jellyfish (Nemopilema nomurai) Fertilizer on Tree Growth in Hillside Erosion Control Works

  • Kim, Yong-Rae;Kim, Suk-Woo;Damdinsuren, Enkhjargal;Ezaki, Tsugio;Chun, Kun-Woo
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제28권4호
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    • pp.227-231
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    • 2012
  • Reforestation is one of the most important ways to reduce erosion soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of jellyfish soil amendment on seedling growth for reforestation. 100g jellyfish soil amendment was applied into planting hole for the purpose of improvement of the Chamaecyparis obtusa seedling growth. Results showed that during growing period, mortality were 4.4% for the fertilized group and 8.3% for control group. The seedling average height and root diameter were 95.0 cm and 1.07 cm in fertilized group and 40.6 cm and 0.74 cm in control group. The fertilized group was found to be superior (by 1 to 5%) to control group in terms of mortality rate, seedlings height, and root diameter. The positive growth of the fertilized group can be due the increase in soil moisture and the higher availability of nutrients to the plants from jellyfish fertilizer.

플러그묘 이식을 위한 로봇 핸드 개발 (Development of Robot Hand for Transplanting Plug Seedlings)

  • 이현동;김기대;조성화;김찬수
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.251-260
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    • 2004
  • As a basic experiment for robot hand for transplanting plug seedling, the experimental robot hand system which moves up and downward vertically, and allows hand blade to open and close was made. The system was constructed with the robot hand mechanism, the tray, the plug seedling, and the measuring equipments. The penetrating force and holding efficiency were analyzed according to the soil moisture and the variation of hand blade angle. The highest holding efficiency could be obtained at the penetrating angle of approximately from 0 to 0.36 degree and at the moisture content of soil from 71% to 75%. The external force acted on the robot hand should maximum force when the robot hand was penetrated to soil, minimum of approximately 30.4 N when the penetrating angle was 0$^{\circ}$ and moisture content was 66-70%. It was increased with increasing or decreasing the Penetrating angle from 0 degree and also with increasing or decreasing the moisture content of soil from 66-70%. For optimal design of the robot hand and manipulator, the external force acted on robot hand had to be based on the returning force of soil, when the robot hand was penetrated to the soil. In consideration of safety ratio, the appropriate external force seemed to be 39-49 N.

규조사(珪藻士) 시용(施用)이 수도용(水稻用) 상자(箱子) 육묘(育苗) 상토(床土)의 pH 조절(調節) 및 묘(苗) 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effects of Diatomearth Application on the Nursery Soil pH in the Tray and on the Growth of Rice Seedling)

  • 김선관;정필균
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.297-301
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    • 1990
  • 우리나라 영일만지대(迎日灣地帶)에서 생산(生産)되는 토양광물자원중(土壤鑛物資源中) pH가 3정도(程度)로 낮고 CEC가 20me/100g정도(程度)로 비교적(比較的) 높은 규조토(珪藻土)의 농업적(農業的) 활용가능성(活用可能性)을 검토(檢討)하고자 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)이 수도상자육묘상토(水滔箱子育苗床土)의 pH조절(調節) 및 묘생육(苗生育)에 미치는 영향에 대(對)하여 질내(窒內) 및 육묘시험(育苗試驗)을 수행(遂行)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양(土壤)pH와 입고병발생율(立枯病發生率)은 규조토(珪藻土) 시용량(施用量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 낮아졌다. 2. 10~15% 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 토양(土壤)pH는 상토(床土)의 최적(最適)pH수준(水準) 4.5~5.5로 조절(調節)되었다. 3. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 조절(調節)된 pH는 질내시험(窒內試驗)의 황산(黃酸)에 의한 pH조절구(調節區)보다 산도변화(酸度變化)가 작았으며, 육묘기간(育苗期間)동안에도 대조(對照)에 비(比)하여 경미(輕微)하였다. 4. 규조토시용(珪藻土施用)에 의하여 묘(苗)의 건물중(乾物重) 및 초장(草長)이 증가(增加)하였다.

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