• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제97권3호
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• pp.266-273
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• 2008

소나무, 상수리나무 묘목의 생장 및 영양상태에 미치는 토양산성화의 영향을 조사하고 묘목의 생장과 토양용액 중의 (Ca+Mg+K)/Al 몰비와의 관계를 검토하였다. 인위적으로 산성화 시킨 산림토양에서 생육한 소나무, 상수리나무 묘목의 생장저해에는 토양용액 중의 pH 저하와 이에 따른 토양용액으로의 Al 용출 및 묘목의 지하부에 있어서 Al 농도의 증가에 따른 지상부의 Ca 등의 식물 필수원소의 감소 등이 관여하고 있음을 시사하였다. 토양산성화에 따른 묘목의 생장저하 수준은 토양의 Al 농도뿐만 아니라 Al과 Ca, Mg 및 K과의 무기영양소 균형도에 의해 결정되며, 두 수종 모두 토양용액 중의 (Ca+Mg+K)/Al 몰비가 6.0 이하가 되면 건물생장이 현저하게 저하하고 그 비가 0.8인 경우 건물생장이 대조구 값에 비하여 소나무 묘목에서 약 60%, 상수리나무 묘목에서 약 50% 저하하였다. 앞으로, 산성우 등의 산성강하물에 의한 토양산성화가 수목의 생장 및 영양상태에 미치는 영향을 평가할 경우, 토양용액 중의 (Ca+Mg+K)/Al 몰비는 삼림생태계 피해예측에 대한 산성강하물의 한계부하량의 평가에 있어 중요한 지표가 될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.94-97
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• 1995

In 1994, an abnormal rice growth was observed in a 0.5-ha scale farmer's field located at Chogye-Myeon, Hapcheon-Gun, Gyeongnam Province where rice cv. Hwayeongbyeo was seeded directly in dry paddy field conditions. The major symptoms were less stands per acreage, short leaf length, and hypertrophy of root tip portion. The disorder was identified as rice seeding bight caused by Rhizopus sp. The average plant stand per m2 in the infested field was 108, while it was 375 in the normal field, and leaf growth was retarded to less than one-third of healthy plant. The average leaf lengths of infected and healthy seedlings were 12.8cm and 38.9cm, respectively. When the infected seedlings were transplanted to pots, flooded-soil conditions developed no new root growth but upland conditions allowed 11.2 new roots emerging. The length of newly emerged root in infested soil was 5.3cm in upland and 7.1cm in intermediate flooding conditions. However, it was 10.9cm in non-infested soil with intermediate flooding conditions. When the plants were matured, the stem length of infected plants was reduced slightly as compared to normal plants, whereas the length of panicle was not significantly different between infected and healthy plants. The number of panicle per plant, however, greatly different with variation of infection degree. Grain quality such as the number of complete and incomplete grains per panicle, the complete grain weight per panicle, and the weight of 1000 grains was not significantly different.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.238-243
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• 2017

Background: The production method of ginseng seedlings for ginseng cultivation is very important to ensure healthy rooting system as well as high quality, and yield of the resultant plants. This study was carried out to compare the growth characteristics of 2-year-old ginseng plants that were produced from seedlings grown in self soil nursery (SSN), nursery soil (NS) or hydroponic culture (HC). Methods and Results: The shading prop used was composed of four-layered 4 polyethylene (blue 3 + black 1) shade screen. The management of main field was done by inserting oil cake (1,200 kg/10 a) and then allowing Sudan grass to grow for a year. Seedling transplantation was carried out on April 6. Root growth was measured on October 25. Root weight was observed to be excellent at 6.0 g, following SSN transplantation. Root length was 21.2 cm for HC seedlings, but these plants had a physiological disorder (i.e., rusty root), in 83.5% plants of this treatment. The ratio of PD/PT (protopanaxadiol saponins / protopanaxatriol saponins) was higher in NS seedlings. Plant analysis revealed that Fe content was lower in HC seedlings with high rustiness. The growth of 2-years-old ginseng was different following these varying seedling cultivation methods, but seedlings from NS were not different from those grown in SSN. Conclusions: For the propagation of 2-year-old ginseng plants, NS seedlings may be a good substitute for SSN seedlings.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.336-336
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• 2017

High mortality and slow growth of seedling generally occurred in tray due to cold, foggy weather and severe seedling blight. Mechanical transplanting is hampered, farmers having economic loss. A sustainable method for raising mat type seedling is necessary. Experiments were conducted on disease control and seedling growth in dry seasons. Fungicides treated/untreated seeds were sown 120-130g in each tray containing pulverized fine grain loam/sandy loam soils. Seed covered with a thin layer of soil and irrigated. It was polythene covered (PC) for 72h and then every night along with 2/3 sprinkler irrigation (SI) per day. Untreated seedlings infected 53-93%. Pyraclostrobin, Azoxystrobin and Azoxystrobin+Difeconazole treated seeds/sprayed (72h) seedlings had no disease. Seedling height was 11.7-13.2 cm with compact and thick root mat at 25 days. Seeds treated at 0.2-0.3% (18-20h) showed no disease but severely in untreated seeds in all locations. Seedling height (13.8 cm), leaf age (3.7) and root number (8.5) were better when NPK were applied at 3-4-3 g/tray. Spraying of urea (1%) in addition with MOP, theovit and $ZnSo_4$ at 0.6-0.6-0.2% on 7 and $15^{th}$ days was also effective. PC showed significant growth (29.1-34.5%). Root mat was not good in flooded irrigation (FI). Disease was higher in SI (66.7-97.3%) than FI (0.7-3.7%) in untreated seeds regardless of polythene use. The protocol would be effective for raising mat type seedling in cold environment.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2001

This study was conducted to develop the vision system of a robotic transplanter for plug-seedling. A color image processing algorithm was developed to identify and locate empty cells and bad plants in the seedling tray. The image of pepper and tomato seedling tray was segmented into regions of plants, frame and soil using threshold technique which utilized Q of YIQ for finding leaves and H of HSI for finding frame of tray in the color coordinate system. The recognition system was able to successfully identify empty cells and bad seeding and locate their two-dimensional locations. The overall success rate of the recognition system was about 99%.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2018

The efficacy of formulated Trichoderma harzianum-based Tricho-compost, seed treatment with Tricho-inocula, and chemical fungicide Provax 200 WP against foot and root rot diseases of wheat caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was tested in the pot house and in the research field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Tricho-compost was prepared with a mixed substrate of cow dung, rice bran, and poultry refuse colonized by T. harzianum. Seedling mortality of wheat was significantly reduced by the Tricho-compost, Tricho-inocula, and Provax 200 WP both in the pot house as well as in the field experiments. The yield of wheat was sharply increased over the control due to the T. harzianum formulations and Provax 200 WP. Among the treatments, soil application of Tricho-compost was more efficient in reducing seedling mortality and accelerating plant growth with an increased yield of wheat with S. rolfsii-inoculated pot cultures and field experiments.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 특산식물이며 신 관상식물로 기대되는 산꼬리풀[Veronica rotunda var. subintegra (Nakai) T.Yamaz.]의 효과적인 재배법을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 플러그 육묘는 파종용기와 파종량을 달리하였다. 재배는 묘의 소질, 식재용기, 토양종류 및 차광정도를 달리하여 처리하였다. 묘의 소질은 162, 200 및 288구 트레이를 이용하여 육묘한 묘를 사용였으며, 파종량은 1, 2, 4 및 6립을 파종하여 생산된 묘를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 산꼬리풀의 육묘 시 트레이 종류는 162구가 적절하였으며, 셀 당 1립씩 파종할 경우 각 개체의 생육이 증가하였으나 4립 파종 시에는 전체 식물의 생육에 유리하였다. 묘의 소질에 따른 실험은 162구 트레이에서 생산된 묘와 4립씩 파종하여 생산된 묘에서 각기 우수한 생육을 보였다. 산꼬리풀 재배 시 식재용기의 용적량이 커질수록 지상부 및 지하부의 생육이 증가하는 경향이었으며, 용기의 재질에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 토양조건별 생육은 원예상토에서 가장 왕성하였으며, 혼용토에서는 피트모스에 비해 마사토의 함량이 높은 조건에서 양호한 생육을 나타냈다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.25-28
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• 1965

본 병은 그 병징이 종래에 알려진 일반 묘썩음병과는 달리 검은빛 균사가 수중의 종자표면을 뒤덮어 자라면서 종자표면을 흑변시킬 뿐만 아니라, 종자의 주위토양까지도 흑변시켰으며, 발아한 종자는 최고 3cm 이상은 자라지도 못하고 흑변하여 부패하였다. 병원균은 자연상태에서나 인공배양기상에서나 포자를 형성하지 않았으며, 균사는 현미경하에서 암색을 띄었고 뚜렷한 격막을 갖고 있었다. 따라서 종래의 벼모썩음병 병원균의 대부분이 Phycomysetes에 속했으나 본병원균은 불완전균을 닮아 있었으며, 앞으로 그 구명을 위한 계속적인 연구가 필요했다. 본병의 발병환경은 모든 면에서 종래의 벼 모썩음병과 거의 동일했으며, 특히 종자가 발아할 때의 환경조건이 절대적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본병균은 종자를 통해서 전염되는 경우는 없었으며, 오직 감염된 토양에 의해서만 전염된다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.208-208
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• 2017

No-tillage practices are expected to provide several benefits such as increasing soil organic matter, reducing labor time and saving energy cost compared with conventional tillage practices. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of no-tillage dry-seeding on rice growth and soil properties in comparison with other rice cultivation methods, machine transplanting and wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy. Rice seedling establishment was slightly higher in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment ($145seedling\;m^{-2}$) than wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment ($111seedling\;m^{-2}$), but the seedling establishment in both treatments fell within the optimum range for direct seeding rice cultivation. Plant height, number of tillers and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of rice in no-tillage dry-seeding treatment were higher than those of the other treatments. However, no significant differences in grain yield was observed among three cultivation methods, and the yield ranged 5.8 to $5.9ton\;ha^{-1}$. The heading date from seeding under no-tillage dry-seeding treatment was on average 109 days, which was similar to that under machine transplanting treatment (112 days), but 10 days later than that under wet-hill-seeding on puddled paddy treatment (99 days). Grain quality characteristics grown in no-tillage dry-seeding were similar to those grown in the other cultivation methods. These results indicate that no-tillage dry-seeding practice is comparable to conventional tillage system in terms of seedling establishment, growth, yields and grain quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1303-1310
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• 2016

Although many studies on the effects of genetically modified (GM) crops on soil microorganisms have been carried out over the past decades, they have provided contradictory information, even for the same GM crop, owing to the diversity of the soil environments in which they were conducted. This inconsistency in results suggests that the effects of GM crops on soil microorganisms should be considered from many aspects. In this study, we investigated the effects of the GM drought-tolerant rice MSRB2-Bar-8, which expresses the CaMSRB2 gene, on soil microorganisms based on the culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. To this end, rhizosphere soils of GM and non-GM (IM) rice were analyzed for soil chemistry, population densities of soil microorganisms, and microbial community structure (using pyrosequencing technology) at three growth stages (seedling, tillering, and maturity). There was no significant difference in the soil chemistry between GM and non-GM rice. The microbial densities of the GM soils were found to be within the range of those of the non-GM rice. In the pyrosequencing analyses, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were dominant at the seedling stage, while Chloroflexi showed dominance over Proteobacteria at the maturity stage in both the GM and non-GM soils. An UPGMA dendrogram showed that the soil microbial communities were clustered by growth stage. Taken together, the results from this study suggest that the effects of MSRB2-Bar-8 cultivation on soil microorganisms are not significant.