• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.507-516
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• 2015

Debris flow is a representative natural disaster in Korea and occurs frequently every year. Recently, it has caused considerable damage to property and considerable loss of life in both mountainous and urban regions. Therefore, It is necessary to estimate the scope of damage for a large area in order to predict the debris flow. A response model such as the random walk model(RWM) can be used as a useful tool instead of a physics-based numerical model. RWM is a probability model that simplifies both debris flows and sedimentation characteristics as a factor of slopes for a subjective site and represents a relatively simple calculation method compared to other debris flow behavior calculation models. Although RWM can be used to analyzing and predicting the scope of damage caused by a debris flow, input variables for terrain conditions are yet to be determined. In this study, optimal input variables were estimated using DEM generated from the Aerial Photograph and LiDAR data of Mt. Umyeon, Seoul, where a large-scale debris flow occurred in 2011. Further, the deposition volume resulting from the debris flow was predicted using the input variables for a specific area in which the deposition volume could not be calculated because of work restoration and the passage of time even though a debris flow occurred there. The accuracy of the model was verified by comparing the result of predicting the deposition volume in the debris flow with the result obtained from a debris flow behavior analysis model, Debris 2D.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2010

Flour characteristics of 26 Korean wheat cultivars (KWC) were evaluated to assess consumer satisfaction with 6 imported wheat and 5 commercial wheat flours. In physical characteristics of flours, Particle size of SW (soft white) was similar to Dahong, Geuru, Milsung, Olgeuru, Seodun, Tapdong, and Uri. DNS (dark northern spring) was similar to Jeokjoong, Joeun, Sukang, and Younbaek. Ash and damaged starch content of KWC was similar to that of imported wheat and commercial flour (Com), but lightness value ($L^*$) were lower than those of Com. Particle size of flour positively correlated with ash, damaged starch, and lightness value ($L^*$) of flour. L ($^*$) value of flour negatively correlated with ash, damaged starch, and particle size of flour. In protein characteristics, Protein content of SW and commercial flour for baking cookie (Com5) was similar to Baekjoong, Jinpoom, Milsung, Olgeuru, Saeol, and Uri. HRW (hard red winter) and commercial flour for baking bread (Com3) was similar to Hanbaek, Joeun, Jopoom, Keumkang, and Sukang. SDS sedimentation volume based on a constant flour weight (SDSS) of KWC was lower than those of DNS and Com3. Mixograph water absorption of KWC similar to imported wheat and Com. Mixing time and maximum dough height (Hm) of KWC were higher than those of imported wheat and Com. Protein content positively correlated with SDS sedimentation volume and water absorption of mixograph. SDS-sedimentation volume positively correlated with water absorption of mixograph, mixing time of mixograph, and height of dough development. In starch characteristics of flour, ASW (Australian standard white) flours showed lower amylose content, higher peak viscosity, breakdown, and setback in pasting properties than other flours. KWV flours showed higher amylose content and lower peak viscosity than those of AH (Australian hard), ASW, commercial flour for making white salted noodles (Com1), commercial flour for making yellow alkaline noodles (Com2), and Com3.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.346-355
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• 2005

To investigate the application of biochemical markers' and small-sample methods using whole-wheat flours for screening in early generation in Korean wheat breeding system, 74 Korean wheats, including cultivars, local breeding lines and experimental lines, were analyzed. Seed storage protein and amylose contents of grains were evaluated. Biochemical makers, including granule bound starch synthase (GBSS), high molecular weigh glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and friabilin were also evaluated by using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryla-mide gel electrophoresis with a single kernel. The small­sample methods, including modified SDS-sedimentation test (MST), micro-alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC) and whole-wheat flour swelling volume (WSV) were also tested in this study. Protein content, MST and AWRC was $11.0 - 15.8\%$, 2.7 - 26.2 ml and $71.9 - 109.7\%$, respectively. Apparent and total amylose content and WSV was $20.6 - 25.0\%$, $26.1 - 32.4\%$ and 9.0 - 16.9 ml, respectively. There were highly significant correlations between MST and AWRC (r=0.592, P<0.001), but Korean wheats showed no significant difference in protein content, amylose content and small-sample methods. In the biochemical markers, Korean wheats contained all three GBSS encoded by Wx loci, except for Suwon 252. Korean wheats showed the high frequency ($58.1\%$) of 1Dx2.2 + 1Dy12 subunits of HMW-GS. Friabilin band was present in 46 lines ($62.2\%$) and absent in 28 lines ($37.8\%$). Friabilin-absence lines showed the higher MST (14.9 ml) and AWRC ($92.1\%$) value than friabilin-presence lines (8.5 ml and $82.4\%$, respectively).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1986

Seven cultivars of hard and soft wheat were evaluated by regression analysis for five bread quality characteristics to determine varietal response to environments. The regression coefficients were used as the measure of adaptability, and determination coefficients were used as the measure of stability by models of Eberhart and Russell. Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation coefficient estimated for 6 characters tested in this experiments. Statistical analyses confirmed the strong influence of environment on five bread quality. A significant positive correlation exists between protein content, sedimentation value, pelshenke value and specific loaf volume. High heritability was found for sedimentation value ($h^2=0.747$), protein content ($h^2=0.557$) and specific loaf volume ($h^2=0.551$).

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.795-802
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• 2018

This study investigates the hydraulic characteristics and the delta development processes in the improved-pneumatic-movable weir by considering the standing angle of the weir through laboratory experiments. The delta migration speed decreases rapidly with time. As the ratio of delta height to water depth increases, the dimensionless delta migration speed decreases at the delta point. Therefore, the water depth decreases as the delta height increases. Although the delta volume is large due to the effective height of the delta, the delta migration speed and sediment deposition decreases because of the backwater effect on the delta. On the same bed slope condition, the larger the weir height, the larger the delta volume and the ratio of delta height to delta front length is close to 1.0. The delta development could be suppressed when the weir is high. Therefore, the condition that the weir is high has the suppressing effect on the delta developments.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.540-544
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• 2001

The quality characteristics for brown rice flake were examined using eight kinds of brown rice cultivars such as Shinsunchalbyeo, Shinsunchal giant embryonic rice, Whachungchalbyeo, Whachungchal giant embryonic rice, Whachungbyeo, Whachung giant embryonic rice, Nampungbyeo, and Nampung giant embryonic rice. The qualities of grain such as the released reducing sugar, water absorption rate and hardness of grain are examined with different temperature and time at sedimentation in water and pressed grain-brown rice flake are prepared after sedimentation in $60^{\circ}C$ water for 5 hours. The brown rice flakes prepared from the giant embryonic type rice cultivars showed higher expansion volume, lower hardness, more crispness, longer bowl life time and better taste than that prepare from normal type rice cultivars, which showed the giant embryonic type rice cultivars were appropriate for brown rice flakes. Among the giant embryonic type rice cultivars, the glutinous rice varieties were better to prepared the brown rice flakes than its normal rice cultivars. The water absorption index of flakes tested were positively correlated with expansion volume and bowl life hardness. From tested sensory evaluation were shown to be negatively correlated with water absorption index. Among the tested cultivars, Shinsunchal giant embryonic and Wachungchal giant embryonic rice were most appropriate for brown rice flakes preparation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the change of soil physical properties in long-term fertilized paddy soils with a Fine silty family of Typic Halpaqueps (Pyeongtaeg series). Treatments fertilized consisted of no fertilizer, compost, NPK, NPK+compost for thirty one years and of NPK+silicate for seventeen years. Water stable aggregate and degree of aggregate stability, which were higher in surface-soil than sub-soil, were high in order of NPK + compost > NPK + silicate > compost > NPK > no fertilizer plot. The ratio of aggregate larger than 0.5mm was high at compost and silicate plots but that smaller than 0.5mm was high at no fertilizer and NPK plots. And this aggregate stability showed negative correlation with soil hardness and bulk density ; positive correlation with sedimentation volume of soils in water. Sedimentation volume of soils in water was a little higher in surface-soil than sub-soil and in wet soil than dry soil, respectively. Pore space ratio and water retention capacity of soils were the most increased by the application of compost and not affected by silicate as in cases of liquid limit and plastic limit. Ignition loss of soils was high in order of NPK + compost > compost > NPK + silicate > NPK > no fertilizer plot. And field shattering ratio of soil mass smaller than 25.4mm was relatively high in NPK + compost, compost, and silicate plots.

• Clean Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of zeolite addition on biofloc in aictvated sludge process. Two units were compared each other, in which one was operated as control unit (CU) and the other was managed by adding zeolite into aeration basin to sustain 4,000 mg/l (ZU). It was observed that flocs of both units were enduringly increased in medium size by extending SRT (Solid Retention Time), although their effect size of ZU was smaller than theirs of CU. Zeolite application excessively improved sludge settling property and ZU presented sludge settling velocity of 3.4 to 11 m/h regardless of SRT variation. The sludge volume index (SVI) was in the range of 50 and 108 ml/g. Conversely, the sludge settling velocity of CU seriously depended on SRT increase, and sludge sedimentation was not achieved at a 40 days of SRT due to Sphaerotilus appeared predominantly in reactor.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6375-6379
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammation parameters and assess the utility of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a simple and readily available predictor for clinical disease activity in patients with nenign prostate hyperplasia BPH. We also aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory parameters with ${\alpha}$-blocker therapy response, and evaluate the potential association between NLR and the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: We examined 320 consecutive patients (July 2013-December 2013) admitted to our outpatient clinic with symptoms of the lower urinary tract at Bozok University. The mean age was 60 (range, 51-75) years. Complete blood count (CBC), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. Correlations between PSA, CRP, ESR, prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPPS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and NLR were assessed statistically. Patients were divided into two groups: high and low risk of progression. Results: NLR was positively correlated with IPSS (p=0.001, r=0.265), PSA (p=0.001, r=0.194), and negatively correlated with Qmax (p<0.001, r=-0.236). High-risk patients a had a higher NLR compared with low-risk patients, based on IPSS (p<0.001), PSA (p=0.013), and Qmax (p<0.001); however, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age (p>0.05), and prostate volume (p>0.05). Conclusions: NLR can predict BPH progression. We propose that increased inflammation is negatively associated with clinical status in BPH patients and suggest that NLR can give information along with LUTS severity which may be used as a readikly accessible marker for patient follow-up.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2010

This study investigated the effect of addition of pumpkin on the physicochemical properties of rice sponge cakes. Water retention capacity(WRC) was lowest in control preparations to which no pumpkin flour was added. WRC increased as more pumpkin flour was added and rice flour with 25% of added pumpkin flour showed a WRC of 89.0%. Similar to WRC, alkaline water retention capacity(AWRC) also increased as more pumpkin flour was added and ranged from 69.7% to 80.7%. As the amount of pumpkin flour added increased, the pH increased. Similar to the sedimentation value, the Pelshenke value also increased as the amount of the added pumpkin flour increased. The gelatinization temperature did not vary significantly between the samples(p<0.05). The midline peak height, which is the height of the peak point from the baseline, showed the same tendency with that of the midline peak time, but was not significantly different between samples(p<0.05). Volume was decreased as the amount of the added pumpkin flour increased. The weight of the rice sponge cakes showed significant difference increasing with the increasing added pumpkin flour(p<0.05). There was significant difference as the specific loaf volume decreased with the increasing pumpkin flour(p<0.05).