• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1989

The eels, Anguilla japonica, were reared in a tank with daily feeding for up to 97 days, and otoliths were regularly collected for the observation of their microstructures. Microscopic observation of the thin-sectioned otolith under dark field provided significant information on daily growth increments as well as the difference in visual contrast shown by the increments. Clearly defined elver mark formed during the metamorphosis from leptocephalus to the elver can be considered as the origin of the age for the sedentary yellow eel in continental water. The close correspondence between the number of increments outside elver mark and chronological age in days from the beginning of feeding indicates that increment deposition on a daily basis was initiated with the start of feeding for the sedentary yellow eel. Either 7 or 14 daily growth increments were grouped together into 2 alternative units, each distinguished by prominent checks or by visual contrast. The absence of any apparent environmental variations with 7 or 14 day period in the reared tank implies that the phase of the moon could be a zeitgeber for the endogenous rhythm.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1413-1419
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hemispheric damage in body composition of male adults with stroke experiences. The Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) with body composition results obtained from the DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) assessments were used for this study. Survey data of 18 post-stroke men and 28 healthy controls were obtained. Both the lean and fat masses of the upper and lower limbs were utilized to compare for the compositions between the limbs in post-stroke subjects. In addition, the effect of exercise habit was also observed for the influence of physical activity in body composition. Mixed results in left and right limb compositions were shown between the groups. When the subjects were further divided based on walking days per week, sedentary (walk ${\leq}2d/wk$) post-stroke group showed significantly greater fat mass and less lean mass than the physically active people (walk ${\geq}3d/wk$). In comparison to the healthy sedentary and physically active controls, two post-stroke groups showed greater variations. The results indicate that physical activity maintains or improve the quality of both the upper and lower limb composition in patients with post-stroke men.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

[Purpose] This study compared differences in trabecular bone architecture and strength caused by jump and running exercises in rats. [Methods] Ten-week-old male Wistar rats (n=45) were randomly assigned to three body weight-matched groups: a sedentary control group (CON, n=15); a treadmill running group (RUN, n=15); and a jump exercise group (JUM, n=15). Treadmill running was performed at 25 m/min without inclination, 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. The jump exercise protocol comprised 10 jumps/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks, with a jump height of 40 cm. We used microcomputed tomography to assess microarchitecture, mineralization density, and fracture load as predicted by finite element analysis (FEA) at the distal femoral metaphysis. [Results] Both jump and running exercises produced significantly higher trabecular bone mass, thickness, number, and fracture load compared to the sedentary control group. The jump and running exercises, however, showed different results in terms of the structural characteristics of trabecular bone. Jump exercises enhanced trabecular bone mass by thickening the trabeculae, while running exercises did so by increasing the trabecular number. FEA-estimated fracture load did not differ significantly between the exercise groups. [Conclusion] This study elucidated the differential effects of jump and running exercise on trabecular bone architecture in rats. The different structural changes in the trabecular bone, however, had no significant impact on trabecular bone strength.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.87-100
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• 2023

Interaction between sedentary and nomadic cultural traditions has played an important role in the centuries-old history of applied arts in Uzbekistan. By the late 19th and early 20th century, driven by urbanization in the region and the gradual transition of nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples to sedentary lifestyles, many industries and traditional cultural forms of formerly nomadic ethnic groups disappeared. Nevertheless, their role in shaping the national cultural identity of the Uzbek people is great. This is true in relation to one of the largest ethnic groups in Uzbekistan, the Kungrats, whose applied art represents a unique, viable, and yet little-studied phenomenon in the national culture of Uzbekistan. The article reviews carpet weaving, one of their surviving crafts, exemplified by qiz-gilam, a unique type of rug made using a combined technique. This study helps to show the nature of historical and cultural interrelations in the carpet weaving of Central Asian peoples and their cultural contacts with the carpet art of neighboring regions more widely and objectively. An important theoretical result of this study is the creation of criteria and tools for identifying qiz-gilam carpets. This allows us to bring clarity to the yet undeveloped system of their identification in museum and gallery practice.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2024

This research investigates the influence of chair tilt functionality on biometric signals and user comfort, addressing the ergonomic challenges posed by modern sedentary lifestyles. Through an experimental study involving eight male participants, the impact of chair tilt on electromyography (EMG), heart rate, metabolic rate, pressure distribution, and distance between the lumbar spine and the lumbar support part of the chair was measured across different seating postures. The study utilized chairs with both synchronous and non-synchronous tilt mechanisms to explore how adjustments in chair design affect user comfort and physiological responses during prolonged sitting. Key findings suggest that chair tilt functionality can significantly reduce muscle activity and energy expenditure, enhancing user comfort and potentially mitigating health risks associated with prolonged sedentary behavior. Notably, the study revealed a preference among participants for chairs that aligned the rotational center of the tilt with the hip joint, highlighting the importance of this ergonomic feature in enhancing user comfort. Additionally, the research proposes a novel methodology for assessing seating comfort through the analysis of both biometric and physical signals, providing valuable insights for the development of ergonomic chair designs focused on user health and comfort.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.612-620
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• 2008

골다공증의 위험율이 높은 폐경 후 여성을 대상으로 이소플라본 보충과 운동의 단독 또는 복합적인 중재가 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연배설량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 $45{\sim}67$세의 폐경 후 여성 67명을 연령, 체질량 지수와 Base line 골밀도에 차이가 없도록 대조군 (16명), 보충군 (19명), 운동군 (16명), 보충 + 운동군 (16명)으로 나누어 연구를 수행하였다. 보충 + 운동군과 보충군에게는 8주 동안 매일 이소플라본 90 mg을 보충하였으며 운동군과 보충+운동군에게는 함께 운동을 실시한 후 중재 전후의 소변 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 아연 배설량 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 소변의 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리의 배설량은 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 식이 아연의 섭취량이 운동과 이소플라본 보충을 실시하는 동안 변화가 없었음에도 불구하고, 이소플라본 보충군에서 소변 아연의 배설량이 유의적으로 감소하여 이소플라본의 보충이 골대사에 중요한 역할을 하는 아연 보유량을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 폐경 후 여성에서 운동과 이소플라본의 동시 중재가 각각의 중재방법보다 골대사의 향상에 유의적인 상승 작용이 없음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 이소플라본의 단독 보충군에서만 소변의 아연 배설량을 감소시키는 다소 미미한 연구 결과가 제시되었다. 그러나 본 연구는 연구 기간이 짧고, 이소플라본의 보충량이나 운동의 중재방법이 다양하지 못하다는 많은 제한점을 가지고 있으므로, 추후 효과적인 투여 농도와 운동중재 방법을 모색하고, 또한 운동과 기능성 식이성분의 효과적인 복합 중재 방법을 결정 할 수 있는 계속적인 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.464-471
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 좌골신경을 손상시킨 후 트레드밀 운동을 적용하여 신경돌기 성장과 좌골신경의 축삭 재생 및 신경성장 인자 발현 그리고 신경기능지수의 변화를 연구했다. 본 연구결과 좌골손상 후 트레드밀 운동을 실시한 그룹이 비운동군에 비해 축삭재생이 촉진되었고, 원위부의 좌골신경에서도 NGF, BDNF단백질 발현이 상당히 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 좌골신경지수를 검사한 결과에서도 운동을 실시한 흰쥐가 비운동 흰쥐에 비해 기능적 회복이 상당히 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 좌골손상 후 운동의 실시가 좌골신경의 축삭재생 촉진과 신경영양인자의 발현증가를 통해 기능적 회복에 도움이 될 수 있음을 보여주는 것이다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.330-336
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• 2009

본 연구는 목초액의 섭취가 훈련된 흰쥐의 항산화방어기전에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 실험대상으로는 Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐를 사용하였는데 실험그룹은 비운동 대조군과 운동 대조군, 목초액 섭취 비 운동 대조군, 목초액 섭취 운동 대조군으로 나누어 수행하였는데 체중과 혈중성분 변화, 글리코겐 함량, SOD 활성 수준, MDA 함량에 관한 분석을 하였다. 체중과 체지방(장간막, 복막후, 부고환)은 각 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, TG와 FFA 농도도 목초액 섭취로 인한 차이는 없었다. Glucose 농도는 대조군 보다 운동군에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었으나 목초액 섭취로 인한 차이는 없었다. 목초액 투여 운동군에서의 SOD 활성은 다른 그룹보다 유의하게 높았다. 운동 대조군에서의 MDA 함량은 비운동 대조군보다 유의하게 낮게 나타났으나 대조군과 목초액 투여군 간의 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 운동과 목초액 섭취는 산화적 스트레스의 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns and the interrelationships for meeting guidelines of three health behaviors including physical activity(PA), sedentary behavior(SB), and dietary behavior(DB) for Korean adolescents using 2007 KYRBS(Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey) data. A cross-sectional design was used to assess 73392 middle-high school students. PA(moderate physical activity${\geqq}$5times/week, or vigorous ${\geqq}$3times/week), SB(watching TV, computer, DVD, video, etc. < 3 hr/day), and DB(servings of fruits ${\geqq}$1 times/day, or vegetables ${\geqq}$ 3 times/day) were categorized into two levels (meeting guidelines or not). Chi-squared tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of students not meeting these three health behaviors between boys and girls, and logistic linear regression was used to determine the interrelationships of three health behaviors. Students meeting guidelines for PA, SB, and DB were 31.0%(boys 42.6%, girls 18.0%), 74.7%(boys 75.4%, girls 74.0%), and 38.5%(boys 38.6%, girls 38.4%), respectively. In addition, there were significant differences between both genders for PA and SB (PA; $x^2(1)$=35175.11, p<.0001, SB; $x^2(1)$=19.44, p<.0001). Only 10.9% of students met all three guidelines and 12.4% did not meet all three. Pattern that simultaneously did not meet PA and DB were high in both boys(27.1%) and girls(37.2%). Students who did not meet DB were at greater risk of not meeting PA(Boys; OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.55, Girls; OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.50), and not meeting SB(Boys; OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.34 to 1.48, Girls; OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.43) compared with students who met DB. The findings of this study supported further evidence for the need of a multiple behavior approach considering gender and interrelationships among three behaviors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.626-636
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to examine effects of dietary intake of garcinia cambogia extract, soy peptide and L-carnitine mixture on body weight gain and obesity-related bio-markers in rats fed high-fat diet for 9 weeks with or without regular treadmill exercise. Forty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; sedentary control group (SC), exercised control group (EC), sedentary formula-fed group (SF), and exercised formula-fed group (EF). The SC and EC rats were fed high-fat control diet (fat comprises$40\%$ of total caloris), and SF and EF rats were fed high-fat formula (composed of garcinia cambogia, soy peptide and L-carnitine) supplemented diet. Statistical analyses by two-way ANOVA indicated that the regular treadmill exercise significantly lowered cumulative body weight gain, total visceral fat mass, and epididymal, perirenal and retroperitoneal fat pad weights, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, insulin, c-peptide and leptin. Feeding the formula also resulted in significant reductions in cumulative body weight gain and visceral fat pad weights, along with other related parameters including serum total and LDL + VLDL cholesterol levels, and hepatic enzyme activities involved in fatty acid synthesis. Statistical analyses by one-way ANOVA revealed that the formula consumption significantly improved body weight gain ($18\%$ reduction), total visceral fat weight ($20\%$ reductions), and serum total ($43\%$ reduction) and LDL + VLDL cholesterol ($54\%$ reduction) levels, as well as serum levels of insulin ($49\%$ reduction), and c-peptide ($41\%$ reduction) in sedentary rats, but failed to exhibit significant reductions in these indices in animals under treadmill exercise program. Taken together, these results suggest that the treadmill exercise per n exhibited significant improvements in body fat reduction and other related bio-markers, and so the formula consumption did not achieve a further significant reductions in these bio-markers in exercised rats. Nevertheless, animals fed the formula with regular exercise showed the most efficient weight reduction compared to other groups either fed formula without exercise or received regular exercise without dietary supplementation.