• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2003

날개크랙과 이차크랙은 암석의 일축압축 및 이축압축 조건에서 관측되는 특정한 형태의 크랙이다. 본 연구에서는 석고로 제작된 실험체내에 발생하는 날개크랙과 이차크랙의 형태적 측면을 미시적 및 거시적 관점에서 관측하였다. 날개크랙의 진행방향을 따라 미소인장크랙이 관측되었으며 미소인장크랙은 공극간의 연결과 분지현상을 통하여 진전되었다. 날개크랙의 개시점에서 다중의 미소인장크랙의 개시가 관측되었으며 미소인장크랙은 굴곡진 진행을 보인다. 또한 이차크랙과는 달리 미소인장크랙은 상대적으로 일정한 크랙의 틈을 보이며 인장에 의한 할렬파괴에 의해 진행되는 것으로 나타났다. 이차크랙의 미시적 관측에서는 미소파쇄대가 관측되었다. 이차크랙의 파괴구간 내에서는 입자 및 집괴의 분리, 경사진 미소파쇄대의 형성 및 불규칙한 크기의 틈을 가진 미소파쇄대가 관측되었다. 이러한 결과는 이차크랙이 전단에 의해 형성됨을 보이고 있다 날개크랙과 이차크랙은 서로 다른 크기의 파괴진행구간을 보이고 있으며 각각의 크랙의 진행 방향에 직각방향으로 측정된 파괴진행구간의 폭은 날개크랙의 경우 10$\mu{m}$에서 20$\mu{m}$ 정도이며 이차크랙은 100$\mu{m}$에서 200$\mu{m}$ 정도이다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1998

In this study, when tension and bending stress act on plate simultaneously, stress intensity factor is analyzed at crack tip with using BEM(Boundary Element Method). In this analysis, stress intensity factors(S.I.F) are defined for variable ligament, aspect and stress ratio($\sigma$T/$\sigma$B). Consequently, predicted that crack grow to depth direction at low aspect and ligament ratio in tension stress and to surface direction in bending stress. Tension and bending stress act on plate same time, effect of tension stress in the first stage and effect of bending stress in the after stage was to observed. The outbreak of secondary crack in backside is under the control of stress amplitude and predict that the point of outbreak is mear backside.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.232-236
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• 2004

The fracture characteristics of unidirectional composite single-lap bonded joints were investigated experimentally and numerically. The effects of bonding method, surface roughness, bondline thickness and the existence of fillet on the failure characteristics and strength of bonded single-lap joints were evaluated experimentally. The failure process, failure mode and the behavior of load-displacement curve was apparently different according to bonding method. The failure load of the specimen co-cured without adhesive was definitely superior to other types of specimens but the specimens co-cured with adhesive film had a less strength than secondary bonded specimens. In the secondary bonded specimens, the lower value of surface roughness and existence of fillet improved the strength of specimens. The strain energy release rates calculated by geometric nonlinear finite element analyses and Virtual Crack Closure Technique for the secondary bonded specimens considering the three types of initial cracks - comer crack, edge crack and delamination crack - were consistent with the test results.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 카올린점토에 대한 실내실험을 통하여 수축으로 인한 균열발생을 조사하고 균열 단계를 모사할 수 있는 단순모델을 제안하였다. CPS 기법을 이용하여 디지털 카메라에 의해 얻은 균열 이미지를 분석하였다. 함수비의 감소에 따라 균열의 길이와 면적은 1차 균열단계, 2차 균열단계, 수축단계 균열의 3단계로 나타났다. 균열 면적의 1차 및 2차 균열 최종 단계에서의 정규화된 함수비는 시료 두께에 상관없이 각각 0.92와 0.70에서 발생하였다. 반면 균열 길이는 1차 균열 최종 단계에서의 함수비는 시료 두께와 상관없이 0.92에서 발생하였으나, 2차 균열 최종 단계에서의 함수비는 시료 두께가 0.5, 1.0, 2.0cm로 증가함에 따라 함수비는 0.79, 0.82, 0.85로 증가하였다. 수축 균열을 모사할 수 있는 3개의 직선으로 구성된 단순모델을 제안하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1120-1128
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• 1999

An elastic-viscoplastic finite element analysis is performed to investigate detailed growth behavior of creep cracks and the numerical results are compared with experimental results. In Cr-Mo steel stress fields obtained from the crack growth method by mesh translation were compared with both cases that the secondary creep rate is only used as creep material property and the primary creep rate is included. Analytical stress fields, Riedel-Rice(RR) field, Hart-Hui-Riedel(HR) field and Prime(named in here) field, and the results obtained by numerical method were evaluated in details. Time vs. stress at crack tip was showed and crack tip stress fields were plotted. These results were compared with analytical stress fields. There is no difference of stress distribution at remote region between the case of 1st creep rate+2nd creep rate and the case of 2nd creep rate only. In case of slow velocity of crack growth, the effect of 1st creep rate is larger than the one of fast crack growth rate. Stress fields at crack tip region we, in order, Prime field, HR field and RR field from crack tip.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.173-180
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• 2002

The specimens with three discontinuities have been tested in uniaxial compression. The geometry of discontinuities is changed by three different parameters: flaw inclination angle, continuity, and spacing. From the tips of the discontinuities wing and secondary cracks are observed. Wing cracks initially propagate curvilinear direction and follow loading direction after some distance from the tip of the discontinuities. Two different types of secondary cracks have been observed from the study: quasi-coplanar secondary cracks and oblique secondary cracks. From the test nine different types of coalescence are observed and they show a correlation with flaw angle and ligament angle. It is attempted to simulate the observed results by using FROCK(Fractured ROCK). FROCK is a code based on the hybridized DDM(Displacement Discontinuities Method) . It is shown that FROCK has quite potential of modeling of rock fracture processes.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.490-497
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• 1998

An elast-biscoplastic finite element analysis is performed to investigate detailed growth behavior of creep cracks and the numerical results are compared with experimental results. The results of mesh translation method are compared with those of node release method. Load line displancement curve obtained from the crack growth analysis by mesh translation shows the improved results than that obtained from the crack growth by node release method when the secondary creep rate is only used as creep material property. The results of accounting for primary creep rate and instantaneous plasticity shows a good agreement with the experimental result.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.487-490
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• 2004

In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of initiation and propagation behavior for fatigue crack observed by changing various shapes of initial crack and magnitudes of loading in modified compact tension shear(CTS) specimen subjected to shear loading. In the low-loading condition, the secondary fatigue crack was created in the notch root due to friction on the pre-crack face grew to a main crack. In the high-loading condition, fatigue crack under shear loading propagated branching from the pre-crack tip. Influenced by the shear loading condition, fatigue crack propagation retardation appeared in the initial propagation region due to the reduction of crack driving force and friction on crack face. In both cases, however, fatigue cracks grew in tensile mode type. The propagation path of fatigue crack under the Mode II loading was 70 degree angle from the initial crack regardless of its shape and load magnitude.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.302-307
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• 2004

This paper reviewed characteristics of fatigue crack behavior observed by changing various shapes of initial crack and magnitudes of loading in compact tension shear(CTS) specimen subjected to shear loading. In the high-loading condition, fatigue crack under shear loading propagated branching from the pre-crack tip. Meanwhile, the secondary fatigue crack in the low-loading condition which was created in the notch root due to friction on the pre-crack face grew to a main crack. Influenced by the mode II loading condition, fatigue crack propagation retardation appeared in the initial propagation region due to the reduction of crack driving force and friction on crack face. In both cases, however, fatigue cracks grew in tensile mode type. Propagation path of fatigue crack under the shear loading was 70 degree angle from the initial crack regardless of its shape and load magnitude.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1998

Cracking problems which high temperature plant components suffer during long-term service, occur very often at welded locations. The crack occurs due to accumulated creep damage near fusion line or at heat affected zone (HAZ). However, most of the studies on creep crack growth behavior have been performed with matrix metal not wit welded metal due to the difficulty of interpreting the test results. In this study, creep crack growth rates were measured with C(T) specimens whose cracks were formed along the fusion line or HAZ. The measured crack growth rates were characterized by {TEX}$C_{t}${/TEX}-parameter derived for elastic-primary-secondary creeping material. Since contribution of primary creep was significant for the tested 1Cr-0.5Mo steel, its effect was carefully studied. Effects of crack tip plasticity and material aging were also discussed.