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A Micro-observation on the Wing and Secondary Cracks Developed in Gypsum Blocks Subjected to Uniaxial Compression  

사공명 (포항산업과학연구원 강구조연구소 토목구조연구팀)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society / v.19, no.2, 2003 , pp. 171-178 More about this Journal
Abstract
Wing and secondary cracks are unique types of cracks observed in rock masses subjected to uniaxial and biaxial compressive loading conditions. In this study, morphological features of wing and secondary cracks developed in gypsum specimens are investigated in the macro and micro scales. Along the path of wing crack, microtensile cracks are observed. Microtensile cracks coalesce with pores and show branch phenomenon. From the onset of the wing crack, multiple initiations of microtensile cracks are observed. Microtensile cracks show tortuous propagation paths and relatively constant aperture of the cracks during the propagation. It is shown that microtensile cracks propagate by splitting failure. At the micro scale, microfsults are observed in the path of the secondary cracks. Along the path of the secondary cracks, separation of grains and conglomerate grains, oblique microfaults, and irregular aperture of microfault are observed. These features show that the secondary cracks are produced in shear mode. The measured sizes of fracture process zone across the propagation direction near the tip of wing and secondary cracks range from 10$\mu{m}$ to 20$\mu{m}$ far wing cracks and from 100$\mu{m}$ to 200$\mu{m}$ for secondary cracks, respectively.
Keywords
Coalescence; Microfaults; Microtensile crack; Secondary crack; Wing crack;
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