• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of treatment for longitudinal meniscal tear in ACL rupture patients by clinical evaluation and $2^{nd}$ look arthroscopy. Materials and Methods: Among the patients who underwent surgery due to ACL rupture and longitudinal meniscal tear between 2002~2009, 32 patients were selected for the study. The patients were devided into three groups; group 1 had repair, group 2 had partial menisectomy due to impossible to repair, group 3 had conservative treatment due to stable meniscus. Comparative retrospective analysis was applied with KT 1000 arthrometer, Lysolm' score, Tegner activity score, IKDC subjective score, and $2^{nd}$ look arthroscopy. Results: Lysolm' score, Tegner activity score, IKDC subjective score showed no statistical difference in all three groups. KT-1000 side to side difference improved from 6.2, 6.15, 6.38 before surgery to 2.56, 2.49, 2.58 after surgery in group 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In group 1, second-look arthroscopy revealed complete healing in 12 patients, incomplete healing without any clinical symptoms in 2, and healing failure in 1. In group 2, second-look arthroscopy showed partial regeneration on margin of meniscectomy. In group 3, second-look arthroscopy revealed complete healing in 2 patients, while 4 showed incomplete healing so that have repaired. Conclusion: In the study, the outcome was better when the stable longitudinal meniscal tear on posterior horn with ACL rupture had active treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of intratunnel fixation in the tibial side on the arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with quadruple hamstring tendon at the second look arthroscopy. Materials and Method: From Dec 1999 to May 2005, we arthroscopically reexamined 32 cases who had been done arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with quadruple hamstring tendons. Hamstring tendons of all cases were fixed at femoral side with RigidfixTM. At the tibial side hamstring tendons were fixed only Post-tie (Group I) or Post-tie combined with IntrafixTM (Group II). At the time of second look arthroscopy mean age of cases was 30 years and mean duration for second look arthroscopy was 21.3 months. We analyzed the results with IKDC score, KT-1000 arthrometer under anesthesia, Telos stress radiography, tibial tunnel widening on the radiography and second look arthroscopic findings. Results: Group II had more superior than group I at side to side differences with KT-1000 and Telos stress radiograph, IKDC score, but the differences were insignificant. At arthroscopic evaluation, Group ll also had more superior than group I at graft tension and graft appearance, graft synovialization, but the differences were insignificant. Tibial tunnel widening in the knee AP radiograph was 2.3 mm in Group I and 1.7 mm in Group II and the difference was significant. (P=0.042) Conclusions: Additional procedure of tibial intratunnel fixation in arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with autogenous hamstring tendon significantly prohibited from tibial tunnel widening but clinical results, radiologic joint stability, findings in second look arthroscopy were insignificantly different. We concluded that Post-tie itself induced satisfactory clinical results, joint stability and graft maturation and that tibial tunnel widening did not affect the results.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the changing fashion image of the glossy materials including metal, leather, vinyl, latex, plastic etc. from 1960's to the present. Glossy materials used in the second half of the 20th century showed a restricted image combined with a specific social circumstance. They expressed a reflection of young and future-oriented space period of 1960s. Many designers like Paco Rabanne and Andre Courreges were concerned with the fashion of space age and expressed that image with leather and synthetic materials including silver leather, metal chain armor, and plastic appeared as the keynote of fashion. In 1970's, glossy material was the symbol of avant-garde and rebellious attitude by the punk fashion. They maximized glamourous look of 1980s, and cyber look with an expectation for a new millenium of 1990s. On the other side, glossy materials seem to be used as a source of various inspiration of fashion designer in the 21st century. Also, some of the past images, for example space look and glamourous look, are revived in the 21 st century by the form of modified design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.129-143
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• 2001

Particular historic events such as revolution and wars have given rise to fashion. Luxurious costume representative of the aristocratic culture since the French Revolution was changed into popular look with the collapse of the royal regime. With the restoration of the royal regime by Napoleon, rapid changes associated with the reemergence of the costume of aristocratic brought an opportunity for the revolutionary fashion of bringing about new fashion in the fashion field. Especially, the New Look Presented by Christian Dior in 1947 shortly after the Second World War would be the typical style of revolutionary fashion. Accordingly, this study attempted to analyse the characteristics of new fashion regarding how new fashion occurred and developed in changes in revolutionary fashion after the Revolution and the War, in conjunction with the zeitgeist(time split) of rapid social changes. The ultimate purpose of this study was find out the significance of fashion as to how and why fashion changed in relation to the factors of changes in fashion in the history and create new future fashion by reinterpreting new aesthetic consciousness about the characteristic of new fashion found in changes in revolutionary fashion.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.184-203
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• 2002

This study considers the fashion as an expressive object of mental value system in order to understand muitivocal value groups. Because the external behavior aspects and internal values of muitivocal value groups are getting more ambiguous in these days. This purposes of this study are as follows; first, this paper examines diversely how these groups affect modern fashion through analysis multivocal value groups after 1990s, and makes clear that various social, cultural, and economical values are important factors for changing symbolic standard connected with fashion. Second, it aims at expanding the positive recognition of the conflicts that exist among various values, and aesthetical recognition that overcome the discrepancy and such conflicts. For this aim, this paper analyzes the social and cultural aspects, aesthetic taste, life style of such groups focusing on Dink, Yiffie, Yettie, Bobos. We examine these groups' characteristics and their effect on modern fashion by categorizing them into Snob Look, Vintage Fashion, Unbalance Fashion, and Caports Look. This paper conducts the previous literature review and the practical analysis on periodical publications and Internet websites concerning fashion. Consequently, this kind of study is useful for providing a theoretical background that would explain the multilateralism in fashion, with uncertain in useful and culture, and changing the obvious confusion to another dimension of order.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2001

Purpose : The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate second look arthroscopic finding after osteochondral autograft transfer(OAT) for the treatment of the chondral defect of the knee. Materials & Methods : Fourteen out of forty cases underwent second look arthroscopy after the OAT for the treatment of the chondral defect of the knee. The average age of patients was 34 years. Preoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging was performed in eleven cases and chondral defect was confirmed in nine cases. The site of the chondral defect located at medial femoral condyle at seven, trochlea in four, and lateral fomoral condyle in three cases. The average size of the condral defect was $13\times10mm$, maximum $22\times20mm$. The number of graft was one in eight, two in three, three in two, and five in one case. The average follow-up period was twenty-one months. Second look arthroscopy was performed at six months in almost cases. Results : After the OAT, $86\%$ of cases showed that the consistency of grafted cartilage was firm and $93\%$ of cases showed that grafted cartilage was well incorporated with surrounding cartilage. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that OAT can be one of treatment modality in the chondral defect of the knee.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.217-222
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• 2010

Bark is a general medium for potted Cymbidium in Korea, but it is difficult to shake off or eliminate the medium from the roots before exporting the potted plants. This working process can injure the roots and then deteriorate plant marketability. This study was carried out to select the optimum medium easier to eliminate from the roots instead of bark and the optimum amount of applied fertilizer to improve the plant growth. Cymbidium young plants 'Honey Hot' and 'Desert Look' were planted in pots with bark, cocochip, and peatmoss. The plants were treated with 2, 4, and 6 g of slow release fertilizer. The plant growth characteristics were investigated in the first and second years during production period of three years. The medium characteristics and mineral nutrient content of the leaves were also examined in the second year. In the first year, the plant growth of 'Desert Look' was improved in all peatmoss treatments more than bark. 'Honey Hot' showed the highest plant growth values in the bark treatment. In the second year, the plant growth of the two cultivars was improved in peatmoss. Cocochip treatments showed the lower plant growth values than bark and peatmoss in the first and second year. There was no significant difference among fertilizer amounts in all the media. The higher CEC values of peatmoss medium resulted to higher capacity to hold more nutrients than bark, and the nutrient retention of the peatmoss improved the plant growth. The higher K and Ca contents in the leaves would contribute to improve the plant growth. Consequently, it would be possible to use peatmoss instead of bark for Cymbidium young plants, but there must be always attention to appropriately water the medium and manage the moisture.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2007

Purpose: To analyze the clinical results and second look arthroscopic findings of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction with a tibialis anterior tendon allograft and a hamstring tendon autograft. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the cases of athroscopic ACL reconstructions using allogenous tibialis anterior(TA) tendon and autogenous hamstring tendon done from March, 2002 to August, 2005 and followed-up more than 1 year. The 250 cases were included in this study and allogenous TA tendon was used in 150 cases and autogenous hamstring tendon in 100 cases. The mean follow-up period was 15 months and 14 months, respectively. The clinical evaluation was done by Lachman test, Pivot shift test, KT-1000 arthrometer and International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC) knee score. Graft tension, synovial coverage were observed in cases of second look arthroscopy. Results: At final follow-up, there was no significance between the two groups in clinical examination. On second look arthroscopy, synovial coverage was better in autogenous hamstring tendon group than allogenous TA tendon group(p=0.005). But no difference was found in graft tension(p>0.05). Conclusion: There were no significant differences between the two groups in the clinical results. But autogenous hamstring tendon group had better synovial coverage than allogenous TA tendon group in second look arthroscopy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.55-64
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• 2012

This study aims to reinterpret formative elements of Baeja, by applying them to the design of modern clothing. The main objective of the studying Baeja is to propose unique layered look items that can be readily put together for various weather conditions and occasions, be easily wearable and bring out unique individualities. After carefully studying Baeja from Joseon dynasty, flexible and practical layered-look items are designed. The following are the conclusions drawn from the work. First, it is possible to apply Baeja elements, such as the silhouette, traditional materials, and colors, to modern clothes, for a layered-look. Second, Baeja characteristics have a profound potential for a modern layered-look design, in that it is sleeveless, its length is long at the front and short at the back, and it comes with slits on both sides and a wide belt. The items inspired by such characteristic can easily be worn over and draped around daily clothes, according to weather conditions and occasions. Third, many decorative elements of Baeja, including detailed ornamental method, knots, patchworks, and string decorations create a unique and traditional image in modern clothes. Ribbonswhich can adjust the width of clothes are both practical and decorative. A reversible jacket is created by utilizing the same traditional sewing method for both inner and outer fabrics. One item can be worn in different styles, which increases practicality. Fourth, traditional and modern materials go well together. Such methods can create an item with both modern sensibility and traditional chic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.43
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• pp.203-224
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• 1999

As androgny presented by feminism still appear in contemporary fashion since mid 1980's feminism as a social phenomenon can be considered to habe influenced fashion history. This paper surveys the sex images of androgynous look that appeared in contemporary fashion into bisexual image and neutral images based on the feminist aspects of changes in contemporary fashion. As stated above bisexual images and neutral images of androgynous look shown in clothing are an attempt to reach one single integrated complete being by overacoming 'femininity' or 'masculinity' and combining the element of the two sexes. Consequently androgynous look creates new attraction by harmoniously coordinating characteristics of the two sexes instead of totally differentiating between masculinity and femininity that are represented in the form of clothing that has conceptual visual characteristics. Following are the conclusions of the reseach of this paper. First 'androgynous' as a feminist sex concept reflects the spirit of the times. Since the sex roles are divided and diversified and the concept of femininity is changing the concept of androgyny requiring both masculine and feminine characteristics in an essential sex concept for sucessful conduct of roles in a complex modern society. Second the integrated human image of androgynous look has led to a new culture with fashion trends that has been ahead of times by curing the functions of fashion to differentiate between men and women. Third androgynous look at the turn-of-the-centuy will not cease to exist but be a lasting fashion phenomenon while the sex concept presented by feminism has become the core to destrov the dichotomous fashion style of the 20th century. Fourth androgynous look is expressed in various manners in contemporary fashion since it shown how human beings accipt the adaptation method desperately required by the contemporary times. Androgynous look can be viewd as the desire for ultimate freedom that can be acquired by destroying the dichotomous sex concept and as the will to become a subject of the world as integrated human being. As we look into fashion culture creation of fashion is not the result of an accidental cause or an individual's work but the reflection of the spirit of the times. In this sense androgynous look introduced by a new sex concept to contemporary fashion has reflected the spirit of the times and led the cultural atmosphere and moreover it is an important fashion style that can characterize the contemporary times while lasting in the future.