• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한용접접합학회 1997년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표 개요집
• /
• pp.184-193
• /
• 1997

Aluminium and aluminium alloys have the high electrical and heat conductivity. It gives rise to difficulties for a choice of electrodes material for their contact electric welding. This paper describes the investigations performed to solve the above problem. The purpose of this investigation was to obtain dispersion-hardening alloys by the internal oxidation method, to optimize their contents and treatment modes, to produce electrodes of these alloys and to test them. The strengthing effect of alloys with oxide particles depends on their size stability at high temperatures. Despite of the fact, that oxides are the most stable of all the non-metallic phases their coagulation takes place. Based on the early results, we chose two types of alloys, first No. 1 Cu - 0,4%Al and second No. 2 Cu - 0,2%Be for production of electrodes. These alloys had not additional alloying elements. These alloys were prepared as 1 mm plates and flake-formed 200 m thick, and also No. 1 as a powder of size 100 mkm (received from Korea). The large samples for electrodes were produced by three methods : explosive welding method, dynamic one including the explosion compression of electrode blank and the quasi-dynamic method including the high-speed compression of dense briquest and the further hot extrusion of a rod.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2003년도 학술.기술논문 발표회
• /
• pp.91-95
• /
• 2003

There is a problem to be solved for improvement of durability and safety supervision. When you do the waterproofing and anticorrosive work of main concrete from the design stage, the material and method of construction need to be correctly applied to appropriate circumstance conditions. Epoxy have mostly been used for concrete water tank structure. Lately, lots of subjects on adaption of polyurea resin waterproofing and anticorrosive are under discussion. Then, we attempt to approach by evaluating and comparing every capabilities with another waterproofs in this study. Performance evaluation items include the adherence performance, the imprint of seal performance, temperature dependence performance, promotion weatherizing ability, inner chemical performance, drinking water eruptive performance. Through the experiment analysis, we found that the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane is dominantly superior to other waterproofs. According to this study, we suggest the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane as a new waterproofing material for concrete structure.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.131-138
• /
• 2002

There is a problem to be solved for improvement of durability and safety supervision. When you do the waterproofing work of main concrete from the design stage, the material and method of construction need to be correctly applied to appropriate circumstance conditions. Epoxy have mostly been used for concrete water tank structure. Lately, lots of subjects on adaption of polyurea resin waterproofing and anticorrosive are under discussion. Then, we attempt to approach by evaluating and comparing every capabilities with another waterproofs in this study. Performance evaluation items include the adherence performance, the imprint of seal performance, temperature dependence performance, promotion weatherizing ability, Inner chemical performance. drinking water eruptive performance. Through the experiment analysis, we found that the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane is dominantly superior to other waterproofs. According to this study, we suggest the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane as a new waterproofing material for concrete structure.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2003년도 학술.기술논문발표회
• /
• pp.91-95
• /
• 2003

There is a problem to be solved for improvement of durability and safety supervision. When you do the waterproofing and anticorrosive work of main concrete from the design stage, the material and method of construction need to be correctly applied to appropriate circumstance conditions. Epoxy have mostly been used for concrete water tank structure. Lately, lots of subjects on adaption of polyurea resin waterproofing and anticorrosive are under discussion. Then, we attempt to approach by evaluating and comparing every capabilities with another waterproofs in this study. Performance evaluation items include the adherence performance. the imprint of seal performance, temperature dependence performance. promotion westernizing ability, inner chemical performance. drinking water eruptive performance. Through the experiment analysis, we found that the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane is dominantly superior to other waterproofs. According to this study, we suggest the polyurea resin waterproofing membrane as a new waterproofing material for concrete structure.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제8권12호
• /
• pp.1133-1137
• /
• 1998

MCFC(Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell) 작동온도인 $650^{\circ}C$에서 Ni 음극의 Creep 및 소결에 대한 저항성을 개선시키고자 Ni-W(WC) 복합재료를 기계적 합금법으로 제조하였다. 기계적 합금화한 분말의 XRD분석결과 밀링시간이 증가함에 따라 재료의 규칙적인 결정이 파괴되어 비정질화 되어가는 경향을 보였다. 소결은 $1280^{\circ}C$의 수소분위기에서 10시간 행하였다 소결된 시편의 dot-mapping 및 TEM 분석결과 Ni-W 계면에서의 2차상 관찰되지 않았으나 $0.1\mu\textrm{m}$ 이하의 W이 Ni 기지내에 미세하고 균일하게 분포되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이와같이 미세하고 균일하게 분포되어 있는 W은 고용강화 및 분산강화 효과를 통하여 Ni음극의 기계적 특성을 향상시킬 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.42-46
• /
• 2003

섬유 코팅제로 널리 쓰이고 있는 액상 PVC는 여러 가지 특성 중 무광택 효과가 뛰어나지만 코팅된 섬유 표면의 유연성이 감소된다. 이런 결함을 대체할 수 코팅 물질로 Elastomer계열의 액상 실리콘 고무를 사용했다. 기존 액상 PVC공정과 동일하게 진행했으며, 로울러의 압축력과 공정상의 예비경화를 이용했다. 실험 결과 액상 PVC로 코팅된 직물의 경도는 70E, 인장강도는 10.3 MPa, 신율은 200%로 측정되었다. 액상 실리콘 고무로 코팅된 직물의 경도는 40도, 인장강도는 5.1 MPa, 신율은 460%,였다. 따라서 액상 실리콘 고무 코팅은 3차 가공 없이 액상 PVC 코팅보다 플라스틱 직물 표면의 무광택성과 유연성을 증가시켰다.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.103-119
• /
• 2013

The applicability of limit analysis methods in design and assessment of concrete structures generally requires a certain plastic deformation capacity. The latter is primarily provided by the ductility of the reinforcement, being additionally affected by the bond properties between reinforcing steel and concrete since they provoke strain localization in the reinforcement at cracks. The bond strength of reinforcing bars is not only governed by concrete quality, but also by construction details such as bar ribbing, bar spacing or concrete cover thickness. For new concrete structures, a potentially unfavorable impact on bond strength can easily be anticipated through appropriate code rules on construction details. In existing structures, these requirements may not be necessarily satisfied, consequently requiring additional considerations. This two-part paper investigates in a theoretical study the impacts of the most frequently encountered construction details which may not satisfy design code requirements on bond strength, steel strain localization and plastic deformation capacity of cracked structural concrete. The first part introduces basic considerations on bond, strain localization and plastic deformation capacity as well as the fundamentals of the Tension Chord Model underlying the further investigations. It also analyzes the impacts of the hardening behavior of reinforcing steel and concrete quality. The second part discusses the impacts of construction details (bar ribbing, bar spacing, and concrete cover thickness) and of additional structure-specific features such as bar diameter and crack spacing.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.527-538
• /
• 2018

Buckling of longitudinal bars is a brittle failure mechanism, often recorded in reinforced concrete (RC) structures after an earthquake. Studies in the literature highlights that it often occurs when steel is in the post elastic range, by inducing a modification of the engineered stress-strain law of steel in compression. A proper evaluation of this effect is of fundamental importance for correctly evaluating capacity and ductility of structures. Significant errors can be obtained in terms of ultimate bending moment and curvature ductility of an RC section if these effects are not accounted, as well as incorrect evaluations are achieved by non-linear static analyses. This paper presents a numerical investigation aiming to evaluate the engineered stress-strain law of reinforcing steel in compression, including second order effects. Non-linear FE analyses are performed under the assumption of local buckling. A role of key parameters is evaluated, making difference between steel with strain hardening or with perfectly plastic behaviour. Comparisons with experimental data available in the literature confirm the accuracy of the achieved results and make it possible to formulate recommendations for design purposes. Finally, comparisons are made with analytical formulations available in the literature and based on obtained results, a modification of the stress-strain law model of Dhakal and Maekawa (2002) is proposed for fitting the numerical predictions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제72권3호
• /
• pp.313-327
• /
• 2019

Damage evolution in the form of void nucleation, propagation and coalescence is the primary cause that is responsible for the ductile failure of microalloyed steels. The Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) damage model has proven to be extremely robust for characterizing the microscopic damage behavior of ductile metals. Nonetheless, successful applications of the model on a given metal type are limited by the correct identification of damage parameters as well as the validation of the calculated void growth rate. The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, we aim to identify the damage parameters of the GTN model for Q345 steel (Chinese code), due to its extensive application in mechanical and civil industries in China. The identification of damage parameters is facilitated by the well-suited response surface methodology, followed by a complete analysis of variance for evaluating the statistical significance of the identified model. Second, taking notched Q345 cylinders as an example, finite element simulations implemented with the identified GTN model are performed in order to analyze their microscopic damage behavior. In particular, the void growth rate predicted from the simulations is successfully correlated with experimentally measured acoustic emissions. The quantitative correlation suggests that during the yielding stage the void growth rate increases linearly with the acoustic emissions, while in the strain-hardening and softening period the dependence becomes an exponential function. The combined experimental and finite element approach provides a means for validating simulated void growth rate against experimental measurements of acoustic emissions in microalloyed steels.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2011

To develop a 6061 aluminum alloy with low residual stress and high tensile strength, a cryogenic treatment process was investigated. Compared to the conventional heat treatment process for precipitation hardening with artificial aging, the cryogenic treatment process has two additional steps. The first step is cryogenic quenching of the sample into liquid nitrogen, the second step is up-hill quenching of the sample into boiling water. The residual stress for the sample was measured by the $sin^2{\psi}$ method with X-ray diffraction. The 6061 aluminum alloy sample showed 67% relief in stress at the cryogenic treatment process with artificial aging at $175^{\circ}C$. From this study, it was found that the optimum cryogenic treatment process for a sample with low residual stress and high tensile strength is relatively low cooling speed in the cryogenic quenching step and a very high heating speed in the up-hill quenching step.