• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.24-29
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• 2003

Deep sea water has cold temperature, abundant nutrients and minerals, and good water quality that is pathogen-free and stable. Compared with surface water, deep sea water contains more nutrition salt, such as nitrogen and phosphor. Moreover, if has the good balance of minerals. Because of the ability of the spray drying process to produce a free-flowing power considering of spherical particles with a well-defined size distribution and the rapid drying times for heat-sensitive material, spray drying is attractive for a wide range of applications spray drying is a unique unit operation in which powders are produced from a liquid feed in a single processing step. Key component of the process are atomizer, spray chamber. Design of spray chamber should be based on the atomizer type, the production rate, and the particle size required. Because of the complex processes taking place during spray drying, traditional design method are based on pilot-plant tests and empirical scale-up rules. Modern technique such as CFD have a role to play in design and troubleshooting.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.349-353
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• 2015

In this paper, arc thermal spray coating was conducted onto the SS400 steel using Inconel 625 wires in order to improve the durability of marine steel structures, and then investigated cavitation damage behavior of Inconel 625 coating layer in sea water. For the Inconel 625 coating layer, surface hardness appeared similar to that of existing high velocity oxy-fuel coating technology with 380~480 HV, but the porosity of about 6 % was larger relatively. During the cavitation experiment, pit damages were originated and grown at the rough surface and pore defect area of Inconel 625 coating layer. And, after the 72 hours of experimental time, weight loss of Inconel 625 coating layer exhibited gradually increasing tendency due to surface damage effect of the undercut.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.716-721
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• 2012

This study was designed to compare the quality characteristics of spray-dried (SD) and freeze-dried (FD) powders prepared with hot water extracts of sea mustard (Undraia pinnatifada) and sea tangle (Laminaria longissima). The moisture content of FD seawed was lower than that of SD, and sea mustard had a higher overall moisture content than sea tangle. The alginic acid content of SD seaweed was significantly higher than that of FD seaweed for both species. There were relatively higher contents of phenolic compounds in SD powders than in FD powders. DPPH radical scavenging ability was significantly greater in SD seaweed, and also, SOD-like activity in SD powders was higher than those of FD powders. However, the nitrite scavenging activity of FD powders of sea mustard (10 mg/mL) was higher than that of SD. In conclusion, spray-dried sea mustard and sea tangle extracts exhibited higher physiological functionalities than their freeze-dried counterparts.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.317-324
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• 2010

Marine transportation by ships is characterized by remote, large-volume and lower rates than the others carry system. Ships account for over 80% of all international trading, and marine transportation is an internationally competitive, strategic, and great national important industry. The construction of larger and faster ships has brought about many problems such as cavitations and erosion corrosion. Cavitations and erosion corrosion make damages on materials and leads to break down members due to continuous physical contacts with shock waves and fluids from the generation and extinction of air bubbles in sea water vortex. The steel used for ship constructions was spray-coated with Al wire, and additionally sealed with fluorine silicone sealing material. Results of experiment, corrosion resistance of sealed thermal spray coating was improved, however in cavitation resistance, the large effect was not appeared. Accordingly, this study applied for thermal spray coating to provide better electrochemical characteristics and corrosion resistance in marine environment.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.4 s.45
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• pp.212-220
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is to establish a standard amount of pesticide per unit area of the lumber over the sea level. This establishment is required in applying the sea water dipping disinfection method to the imported soft woods to control the pests living on the surface of the lumber. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1. The average length and diameter of the imported soft wood was respectively 11.12m and 76.46Cm. 2. The average cubic content of the lumber over the sea level to the whole cubic content was 20.82 percent. 3. The ratio of the lumber over the sea level to the whole cubic content was 2.3356 at the $95\%$ significance level. 4. The sampling error of the ratio of the area of the lumber over the sea level to the cubic content was lower in the case of the pieces of lumber in a vessel than the average between ten tressels. 5. The optimum amount of pesticide spray per $1\;M^2$ of the soft wood was 0.298 cc in the case of using the hand spray, but 0.245 cc the motor spray. 6. For example, in the case of applying the sea water dipping disinfection method to the 5,000 $M^3$ of the imported soft wood, the required amount of pesticide with a motor spray can be estimated as follow. $$5,000\;M^3\times2.333=11,678\;M^2$$ $$11,678M^2\times0.295=3,445cc$$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.183-189
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• 2004

Deep ocean water is located in the sea deeper than 200m. At such depth the solar light does not reach, photosynthesis is not performed and nutrition salt is not consumed. Therefore, campared with surface water, Deep Sea Water contains more nutrition salt, such as nitrogen and phosphor. Moreover, it has the good balance of minerals. This Research is primary attempt for apply deep sea water to food industry. New type of mineral salt manufacturing system was developed and high levels of Ca, K, Mg detected from the salt analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.200-201
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• 2007

The present study was conducted in three fields at Namhae to examine the removal efficiency of organic free, heavy metal immobilized sediment on Cochlodinium polykrikoidesand and on sea water quality. The present study results concluded that removal efficiency was depends on the initial number of red tide cells. There was no drastic change in the sea water quality after sediment spray. For the comparison of effectiveness of betonite, zeolite and lime were mixed with sediment did not show any marked difference in removal. Finally, the present study evaluated 50g/$m^{2}$ sediment is sufficient to remove 100% cells density, even though various environmental factors are interfering the mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6098-6105
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• 2013

In the present study, the characteristics of corrosion and thermal conductivity of thermal spray coatings for seawater heat exchangers were examined experimentally. The coating types of theZn and Al thermal spray coatings with additional epoxy and silicone sealers were tested. To examine the corrosion characteristics of the thermal spray coating, the cyclic voltamogram curve was measured followed by SEM imaging for surface characterization. The laser flash method was usedto measure the thermal conductivity of the specimen. The conductivity test results showed that thermal conductivity decreased by3 ~ 4% with the silicone sealer and decreased by 70 ~ 75% with the epoxy sealer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.245-246
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• 2009

The large and high-speed vessels have been greatly advanced, but ship materials have been caused the problem such as corrosion, cavitation and erosion. Cavitation can produce material damage such as pumps, turbines, valves and ship propellers etc. To solve these problems, the cavitation and electrochemical characteristics for thermal spray coating and the sealing are executed to obtain the excellent corrosion protection characteristics in sea water environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2014

In the present study, immersion corrosion characteristics of Zn and Al thermal spray coating with sealer for the seawater heat exchanger are experimentally investigated. Total 8 coating types of Zn and Al thermal spray coating with silicone and epoxy sealer were tested with immersion corrosion testing in $80^{\circ}C$ 3.5%w NaCl solution and compared the corrosion characteristics between each coatings. To investigate the corrosion characteristics of the specimens, AC impedance, SEM, and thermal diffusivity were acquired and analyzed. As a result, on the surface of the specimens with silicone and epoxy sealer, blister did not occurred, so the sealers might be effective at increasing the corrosion resistance of the specimens immersed in the NaCl solution.