• 한국균학회지
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• 제24권1호통권76호
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• pp.25-37
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• 1996

한국산 버섯들의 항균활성을 검색하기 위하여 흰주름버섯외 35종의 버섯자실체 분말을 석유에테르, 80% 에탄올 및 멸균증류수로 각각 추출한 108종의 각 추출물들에 대하여 항균활성을 검색하였다. 이로서 진갈색주름버섯의 에탄올 추출물 등 5종의 추출물들이 효모에 대하여, 독우산광대버섯의 물 추출물 등 7종의 추출물들이 진균에 대하여, 마귀광대버섯의 물 추출물 등 9종의 추출물들이 그람음성 세균에 대하여 그리고 말불버섯의 물 추출물등 25종의 추출물들이 그람양성세균에 대하여 각각 항균활성을 보였다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1999

In vivo와 in vitro 생물검정법에서의 활성관계를 조사하고 또한 보다 효율적인 in vitro 검정법을 개발하기 위하여 작용기구가 다른 두 계열 살균제 즉 sulphamide계 (dichlofluanid와 tolylfluanid)와 dicarboximide계 살균제 (iprodione, vinclozolin 및 procymidone)을 시험약제로 하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. Dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, iprodione, vinclozolin procymidone의 토마토 유묘에서의 병 방제효과는 유사하였다. 그러나 이들 살균제에 대해 in vitro 생물검정법으로 항균활성을 비교한 결과, sulphamide계 살균제는 포자발아 억제실험에서 높은 활성을 나타낸 반면에, dicarboximide계 살균제는 균사생장 억제실험에서 항균활성이 더 우수하였다. 그러므로 in vivo 병 방제효과가 유사하더라도 작용기구가 다르면 in vitro 생물검정법에서의 항균활성은 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한 포자현탁액을 넣은 96-well microtiter plate에 약제를 처리하고 3시간 배양 후 배양액을 제거하고 다시 새 배지를 넣어 배양한 후 생장억제를 조사한 실험 (microtiter plate method I, MPM I)에서는 살균제들의 포자발아 억제실험과 유사한 경향의 활성을 보였다. 96-well microtiter plate에서 포자현탁액을 6시간 동안 배양하여 포자를 발아시킨 후에 약제를 처리한 실험(microtiter plate method II, MPM II)에서의 항균활성은 균사생장 억제효과와 일치하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 기존의 in vitro 항균활성 실험보다 편리하고 효율적인 MPM I과 II 방법은 각각 포자발아와 균사생장 억제실험을 대신할 수 있으리라 생각되었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.242-249
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• 2019

Betaine derivatives are considered major ingredients of shampoos and are commonly used as antistatic and viscosity-increasing agents. Several studies have also suggested that betaine derivatives can be used as antimicrobial agents. However, the antifungal activity and mechanism of action of betaine derivatives have not yet been fully understood. In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity of six betaine derivatives against Malassezia restricta, which is the most frequently isolated fungus from the human skin and is implicated in the development of dandruff. We found that, among the six betaine derivatives, lauryl betaine showed the most potent antifungal activity. The mechanism of action of lauryl betaine was studied mainly using another phylogenetically close model fungal organism, Cryptococcus neoformans, because of a lack of available genetic manipulation and functional genomics tools for M. restricta. Our genome-wide reverse genetic screening method using the C. neoformans gene deletion mutant library showed that the mutants with mutations in genes for cell membrane synthesis and integrity, particularly ergosterol synthesis, are highly sensitive to lauryl betaine. Furthermore, transcriptome changes in both C. neoformans and M. restricta cells grown in the presence of lauryl betaine were analyzed and the results indicated that the compound mainly affected cell membrane synthesis, particularly ergosterol synthesis. Overall, our data demonstrated that lauryl betaine influences ergosterol synthesis in C. neoformans and that the compound exerts a similar mechanism of action on M. restricta.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.99.2-99
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• 2003

An attempt was made to screen antifungal activities of Bacillus thuringiensis strains on various plant pathogens, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diaporthe actinidiae, Botrytis cinerea, Glomerella cingulata, Colletorichum cocodes, Sclerotinia scierotiorum, Alternaria alternata, Helicobuidium mompa, Bipolaris coicis, Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctosnia solani. Ten and forty-five strains of B. thuringiensis were isolated from animal feces in Korea and Japan, respectively. Inhibitory effects of the strains on the mycelial growth of the pathogens were examined on the mixed media of potato dextrose agar and nutrient agar. Approximately half of the strains inhibited the mycelial growth of one or more pathogens. Most of the pathogens were inhibited by any of the strains but Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia solani were not inhibited at all. This is the first report that B. thuringiensis shows a potent antifungal activity on plant pathogens in Korea.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.98-103
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• 1995

During the screening of antifungal antibiotics from microbial metabolites, we selected Pseudomonas aeruginosa KGM-100 showing powerful antagonistic activity against various phytopathogenic fungi. Antibiotics KGM-100A and KGM-100B were purified from the culture broth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KGM-100 by diaion HP-20 column chromatography, ethyl acetate extraction, silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC and recrystallization. KGM-100A which was recrystallized in MeOH showed antimicrobial activities against a broad spectrum of fungi and bacteria. Physico-chemical properties of KGM-100A were determined and identified to be phenazine-l-carboxylic acid by UV, IR, $^{1}$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR, mass spectrum, and elemental analyses.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.487-490
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• 2006

Because of consumer rejection of chemical pesticides and the appearance of microorganisms that are resistant to fungicides, we tried to discover biopesticides. Of 13 microorganisms isolated from Shrimp-jeotkal, a Bacillus sp. showed strong activity against tomato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. Its activity was tested both in vivo and in vitro. The identification of the strain was carried out based on 16S rDNA analysis and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1509-1513
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• 2003

Antifungal activities of the extracts from 26 medicinal plants were investigated utilizing paper-disk diffusion method and (1,3)β-glucan synthase inhibitory assay. (1,3)β-glucan synthase is considered as valuable target in the development of antifungal agents. Among the screened extracts, the ethyl acetate extract of Equisetum arvense, the ethyl acetate extract of Polygonum aviculare, the butanol extract of Crataegus pinnatifida and the n-hexane extract of Saussurea lappa showed significant antifungal activities on Candida albacans in both disk diffusion and enzyme assays.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.95.2-96
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• 2003

In order to develop a new microbial fungicide for the control of vegetable diseases using endophytic bacteria, a total of 260 bacterial strains were isolated from fresh tissues of 5 plant species. After they were cultured in broth media, their antifungal activities were screened by in vivo bioassays against Botrytis cinerea(tomato gray mold), Pythium ultimum(cucumber damping-off), Phytopkhora infestans(tomato late blight), Colletotrichum orbiculare(cucumber anthracnose), and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei(barley powdery mildew). As the results of screening, 38 bacterial strains showed potent antifungal activities against at least one of 5 plant pathogens. A bacterial strain EB072 displayed potent disease control activities against 3 plant diseases. Among the bacterial strains with a potent antifungal activity against cucunlber anthracnose, three bacterial strains, EB054, EB151 and EB215, also displayed a potent in vitro antifungal activity against C. acutatum, a fungal agent causing pepper anthracnose. A bacterial strain EB215 obtained from roots of cucumber was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its physiological and biochemical characteristics and 165 rRNA gene sequence. An antifungal substance was isolated from the liquid cultures of B. cepacia EB215 strain by ethyl acetate partitioning, repeated silica gel column chromatography, and invitro bioassay, Its structural determination is in progress by various instrumental analyses.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2008년도 제49회 학술심포지움 및 국제학술대회
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• pp.67.1-67.1
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• 2008

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.420-426
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• 2006

노르웨이의 Oslo시 지역의 토양시료로부터 분리된 Bacillus sp. KMU-991를 이용하여 고추탄저병균인 Colletotruchum gloeosporioides KACC 40804에 대한 항진균 활성을 위한 배양 조건을 조사하였다. 항진균 물질의 생산은 기본배지로 TSB를 사용하였으며 탄소원으로 1.0% mannitol과 질소원으로 1.0% ammonium chloride를 첨가하였을 매 가장 높은 항진균 활성을 나타내었다. 배양조건으로는 $30^{\circ}C$, 180 rpm, 48시간 배양하였을 때 가장 높은 항진균 활성을 나타내었다. $30{\sim}60%$ ammonium sulfate 침전물을 첨가하였을 때 가장 양호한 항진균 활성을 나타내었으며 butanol을 이용하여 배양액 중에 존재하는 항진균 물질을 회수하여 다양한 작물병원성 곰팡이에 대한 spectrum을 조사한 결과 B. cinerea KACC 40573, C. orbiculare KACC 40808, F. oxysporum f. sp. radicus-lycopersici KACC 40537, P. cambivora KACC 40160, 그리고 R. solani AG-4 KACC 40142등에 대하여도 높은 항진균 활성을 나타내었다.