• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.461-473
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• 2002

Concept mapping is a device for representing the conceptual structure of a subject discipline in a two dimensional form which is analogous to a road map. In the teaching and learning of earth science, each concept depends on its relationships to many others for meaning. Using concept mapping in teaching helps teachers and students to be more aware of the key concepts and relationships among them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the use of concept mapping on science achievement and the scientific attitude in ocean units of earth science. The results of this study are as follows; first, the science achievement of a group of concept mapping teaching is significantly higher than that of the group of traditional teaching. Also, when the achievement levels are compared among different cognitive ability groups, the effect is more significant in mid or lower level student groups than in high level groups. The use of concept mapping is more effective when the concepts have a distinct concept hierarchy. Second, the scores of the test of ‘attitude toward scientific inquiry’ and ‘application of scientific attitude’ of the group of concept mapping teaching are significantly higher than those of the group of traditional teaching, whereas the scores of the test of ‘interest in science learning’ of concept mapping teaching is not different from those of group of traditional teaching. Third, the survey on the use of concept mapping shows a positive response across the tested groups. The use of concept mapping is more beneficial in fostering the comprehension of the topic. A concept map of student's own construction facilitates the assessment of learning, thus promising the usefulness of concept mapping as a means of evaluation. In regard to retention aspect, concept mapping is considered to be more effective in confirming and remembering the topic, while less effective in the aspects of activity and interest. In conclusion, the use of concept maps makes learning an active meaningful process and improves student's academic achievement and scientific attitude. If the concept mapping is more effectively as an active teaching strategy, more meaningful learning will be attained.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.525-542
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze the internal and external frameworks of elementary science textbooks, which first appeared as the authorization system of elementary science textbooks changed from the national government system. In order to confirm the purpose of the authorization system to support the development of diverse and creative textbooks, this study compared 7 authorized textbooks with the national textbook developed as the 'Use of Magnets' unit of the 2015 revised science curriculum. In this study, the textbook's framework was largely divided into an external framework and an internal framework for the 'Use of Magnets' unit of elementary science textbooks, and quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted in parallel according to each subcategory. According to the research results, in the external framework of textbook units, all textbooks had the same structure: unit introduction, scientific inquiry, creative convergence, unit arrangement, and scientific reading materials. The framework in the 'Use of Magnets' unit of the 7 types of authorized textbooks was found to have some differences according to the textbook development team's interpretation of the curriculum achievement standards and many commonalities that maintained the framework in the national textbooks. In addition, the characteristics of each textbook were clearly revealed in some areas not specified in curriculum such as unit introduction activities and science reading materials, a meaningful change was also found in that the level of inquiry activity was classified and operated in response to the uniform inquiry activity operation of the existing government textbooks.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.443-450
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• 2020

This study was started to find a way to activate the regional tour program of the Gwacheon National Science Museum, which covers a relatively wide area among public service organizations with the theme of science. In addition to the permanent exhibition program, the Gwacheon National Science Museum has been conducting tour programs in Gyeonggi and Gangwon Province since 2018 for residents in underprivileged regions who are unable to visit the Science Museum for geographic and environmental reasons, but it lacks awareness and effectiveness compared to other areas such as culture, welfare for the elderly, and education. As a result of the study, the first was an opportunity for a very special experience. The second was the joy of the few, A total of 3 upper units and 5 lower units were derived. This has positive effects such as increasing interest in science and expanding opportunities for experience. but it can be seen that it is urgent to supplement such as systematic promotion and improvement of the quality level of contents through professional artists.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2001

This survey was conducted to evaluate with 457 health professionals from July, 1999 to September, 1999 the awareness of and satisfaction with the nutrition labeling system in Korea and to determine a desirable labeling system. Professors of food and nutrition and nutrition researchers in the food industry had the hightest scores on awareness of the nutrition labeling system(75.6% and 73.4%, respectively), which was significantly different from each other by occupation(p < 0.01). Frequently checked labeling information were expiration date, production date, price, and company respectively. Special nutrient food producers(56.9%), dietitians(49.3%), nurses(48.1%), researchers(42.3%) answered moderately on satisfaction with nutrition information for products, which was statistically significant(p < 0.01). This suggests that health professionals were unsatisfied with the present nutrition labeling system. In nutrition focusing statements, nutrient content claims, health claims, and working periods were significantly related with nutrition focusing statements and health claims, but not with nutrient content claims : the subject who had been working for more than 10 years and less than 5 years had positive thoughts or those matters while the subjects whose working periods were between 10 and 5 years had the lowest score. The most desirable labeling units were serving size(65.1%). Ninety two percent of the subjects wanted absolute nutrient contents in food and their percentage of the KRDA. Eight nine percent of health professionals agreed that the health claims should be used only with scientific approval by the government or food research institutions. Only 4.4% of subjects were satisfied with current regulations of health claims(p < 0.001). More studies regarding labeling units, their range and nutrient reference values are needed. The opinions of health professionals in nutrition labeling system should discussed to establish a desirable nutrition labeling system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2007

Pollen grains of seven taxa on the family Pyrolaceae, known to be distributed in Korea (Pyrola dahurica(Andreses) Kom., P. incarnata (DC.) Fisch. ex Kom., P. japonica Klenze ex Alefeld, P. minor L., P. renifolia Max., Orthilia secunda (L.) House, Chimaphila japonica Miq.), were examined by the light and the scanning electron microscope in order to evaluate their taxonomic significances. The pollen units of genus Pyrola, Orthilia, Chimaphila were tetrad, monad, polyad respectively. This characteristics was good character for delimiting the genus, and Orthilia secunda (L.) House was more proper scientific name than Pyrola secunda L. based upon this character. Pollen size, tricolporate length, surface sculpturing pattern were different slightly among the treated taxa, and surface sculpturing patterns of Pyrola dahurica, P. incarnate, P. renifolia, Chimaphiza japonica were different from previous reports. Evolutionary trends of pollen grains in Pyrolaceae were inferred from the pollen units and aperture shapes.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.145-168
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• 1999

There are still occurring aviation accidents in spite of great preventing efforts all over the world. This paper contains some methods to prevent aircrafts deficiencies and accidents. First part of this paper refers to the background of those aviation deficiencies on mechanical, human and environment structures which influence directly to the air accidents and general survey on various theories of the aircraft's systems. On the way we discussed the general situations of the air tool's deficiencies which cause tragic accidents to the human lives and assets. After analysis on the situations we suggest the new systems which would forecast more detail accuracies concerned air elements for the safety flying. Then we introduce the following new systems resulting from the forecasting which can solve problems on aircraft deficiencies and complex interrelationships among air accidental factors. To simplify the complex systems, we needed to build the mechanical and organizational database for maintaining the procedures of the past troubleshooting on the major parts preventing deficiencies of those mechanical units. These suggested systems will contribute a great deal of aids, the maintenance credibility and air safety for the air operations and all customers in the world. Avoiding the past troubleshooting from just by using simple systems which can forecast main causes of the units and parts of the crafts, this system will be able to provide excellent management tools for the promoting aviational industries. The comfortable and convenient air operations are very valuable works, and the scientific method and detail maintenance will improve our daily air life by minimizing accidents. Adapting these developing systems, for the forecasting aircraft deficiencies and accidents can be integrated with the other aircraft management systems to promote more air safety in the world. This study is focused to eliminating aircraft accidents through forecasting deficiency symptom procedures by relational coordinations among all of the systems. Futhermore we need continuously detailed analysis and study for eliminating air accidents all together those who work in those fields.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.513-526
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• 2009

It has long been that the unit of oceanic salinity changed from permil (%o) to other unit. However, the middle-and high- school textbooks of science and earth science have still used %o as salinity unit that was defined a long time ago. The objectives of this study are to briefly discuss about the historical development of change in salinity unit and measurement techniques, to present differences between the salinity units of psu (practical salinity unit) and %o, and to address the need and validity for the correction of salinity unit in the textbooks. Twenty-seven kinds of textbooks based on the 7th National Curriculum were analyzed to investigate the expression of salinity unit and the definition of salinity. The results were compared with the usage of salinity units in the articles published in Journal of Korean Society of Oceanography from 1967 to 2008. The percentages by the use of %o were 96.3% in the text and 83.8% in the graphs or tables of the textbooks. By contrast, the scientific papers began to use psu from 1994 and then %o has seldom been used since 2004.

• KNOM Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2019

Graphical Processing Units(GPUs) achieve high performance undertaking from relatively uniformed computation in parallel. The technology related to General Purpose GPU(GPGPU) has been enhanced, which provides concurrent kernel execution of multi and diverse applications at the same time, but it is still limited to support resource sharing or planning. NVIDIA recently introduces Multi-Process Service(MPS), which allows kernels from different applications can be execute concurrently. However, the strength of MPS comes along with the characteristics of applications and the order of their execution. This paper shows the performance analysis of diverse scientific applications in real world. Based on the analysis, we prove that it is important to the identify characteristics of co-run applications, and to schedule multiple applications via profiling to maximize MPS functionality.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

Purpose: This study provides comparative measurements of absorbed and effective doses for newly developed cone beam computed tomography (CT) in comparison with these doses for conventional CT. Materials and Methods: Thermoluminescent dosimeter rods (TLD rod: GR-200, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) were placed at 25 sites throughout the layers of Male ART Head and Neck Phantom (Radiology Support Devices Inc., Long Beach, USA) for dosimetry. Implagraphy, DCT Pro (Vatech Co., Hwasung, Korea) units, SCT-6800TXL (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and Crane x 3+(Soredex Orion Corp., Helsinki, Finland) were used for radiation exposures. Absorption doses were measured with Harshaw 3500TLD reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Radiation weighted doses and effective doses were measured and calculated by 2005 ICRP tissue weighting factors. Results: Absorbed doses in Rt. submandibular gland were 110.57 mGy for SCT 6800TXL (Implant), 24.56 mGy for SCT 6800TXL (3D), 22.39 mGy for Implagraphy 3, 7.19 mGy for DCT Pro, 5.96 mGy for Implagraphy 1, 0.70 mGy for Cranex 3+. Effective doses $(E_{2005draft)$ were 2.551 mSv for SCT 6800TXL (Implant), 1.272 mSv for SCT 6800TXL (3D), 0.598 mSv for Implagraphy 3, 0.428 mSv for DCT Pro and 0.146 mSv for Implagraphy 1. These are 108.6, 54.1, 25.5, 18.2 and 6.2 times greater than panoramic examination (Cranex 3+) doses (0.023mSv). Conclusion: Cone beam CT machines recently developed in Korea, showed lower effective doses than conventional CT. Cone beam CT provides a lower dose and cost alternative to conventional CT, promising to revolutionize the practice of oral and maxillofacial radiology.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.8
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• pp.119-125
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• 1997

The National Museum of Korea bears a responsibility of keeping and caring of unearthed cultural properties according to Cultural Properties Protection Law, No. 3644. As a result, the unearthed cultural properties are stored up in the museum. More than 10,000 units of cultural properties are unearthed each year, and the number is increasing as years go by. However, the keeping facilities of the museum are already over-saturated. Consequently, many unearthed cultural properties are entrusted to university museums that have poor facilities and a few experts. More pressing problem is that these cultural properties are not under the proper protection of scientific conservation. One reason is that there are not many conservation scientists in our country. Only five members are working as conservation experts at the National Museum of Korea and 20 or so nation-wide. We propose to establish a new system and organization which will take charge of the conservation and care of the cultural properties, and consist of scientific keeping facilities and expert personnel (conservation scientists) to solve these problems.