• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.218-229
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• 2011

Lepimectin is a insecticide agent. In order to register this new pesticide, the series of toxicity data on animal testing were reviwed to evaluate its hazards to consumers and to determine its acceptable daily intake. Lepimectin was mostly excreted by feces. It has low acute oral toxicity while it has no dermal, ocular irritation and skin sensitization (As the result of subchronic, chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity showed changes of hematology and clinical biochemistry parameter of serum and blood.). Two-generation reproduction toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and prenatal development toxicity were not proven. Therefore, the ADI for Lepimectin is 0.02 mg/kg/ bw/day, based on the NOAEL of 2.02 mg/kg/ bw/day of two-years carcinogenic toxicity study in rats and applying an uncertainty factor of 100.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.335-341
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• 2024

Objectives: Patients with cancer eventually fail to respond to therapy when malignant cells develop effective ways to evade immunosurveillance. Conventional cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, aim to cure the disease or prolong the patient's life. However, the toxicity and side effects of conventional treatments limit their efficacy. Herbal medicine is a typical complementary and integrative form of medicine for cancer treatment in Asia. This protocol evaluates the effectiveness of herbal medicines in improving the immune function of patients with cancer. Methods: The following electronic databases will be searched: MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE via Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Korean databases including Regional Information Sharing Systems (RISS), National Digital Science Library (NDSL), and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS). Additionally, prospective randomized controlled trials that evaluate the effectiveness of herbal medicines on immune function in patients with cancer will be included in this review. All outcomes related to the immune function of patients with cancer (e.g., CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, CD19 (B cells), dendritic cells (CD11), CD56 (NK cells), and macrophages) will be included in this review. Results: This review is expected to provide data on the effectiveness of herbal medicines on improving immune functions in patients with cancers. Conclusion: This systematic review will help patients and clinicians establish new management options for cancer treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.208-217
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• 2011

Pyrimisulfan is a herbicide. In order to register this new pesticide, the series of toxicity data on animal testing were reviewed to evaluate its hazards to consumers and also to determine its acceptable daily intake. Pyrimisulfan was excreted mostly by feces. It has low acute oral toxicity while it has no dermal, ocular irritation and skin sensitization (As the result of subchronic and chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity showed changes of hematology and liver.). Two-generation reproduction toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and prenatal development toxicity were not proven. Therefore, the ADI for Pyrimisulfan is 0.1 mg/kg/ bw/day, based on the NOAEL of 10 mg/kg/ bw/day of 90-days repeated dose oral toxicity study in dogs while applying an uncertainty factor of 100.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.93-106
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• 2022

Objective : The COVID-19 pandemic has brought non-face-to-face healthcare service delivery system. Research into telehealth system and its efficacy remains unclear. Methods : Seven healthy adults participated in this study to investigate effects of tele-monitoring with the speech-to-text (STT) application to induce changes in occupational activities on occupational balance in healthy adults. Subjects were requested to choose occupational activities they wanted to have researched and then register them to the STT application. The STT application provided an alarm to check whether the pre-registered activities were performed on time, and whether the subjects performed it by their voice. The subjects were followed for 1 week, with assessments at baseline, and after 1-week's tele-monitoring. Results : Our findings showed that the subjects were willing to participate in tele-monitoring with the STT application with high adherence and satisfaction. In addition, there was a significant improvement in occupational activities related to health (p<.05). Specifically, adherence, satisfaction, and efficacy of the tele-monitoring with the STT application could successfully bring occupational balance in short-term periods. Conclusion : These findings highlight that tele-monitoring with a smartphone could be considered as one promising way to restore occupational balance in lockdown after the COVID-19 outbreak.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.639-646
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• 2012

The characteristics of autoignited lifted flames in laminar jets of carbon monoxide/hydrogen fuels have been investigated experimentally in heated coflow air. In result, as the jet velocity increased, the blowoff was directly occurred from the nozzle-attached flame without experiencing a stabilized lifted flame, in the non-autoignited regime. In the autoignited regime, the autoignited lifted flame of carbon monoxide diluted by nitrogen was affected by the water vapor content in the compressed air oxidizer, as evidenced by the variation of the ignition delay time estimated by numerical calculation. In particular, in the autoignition regime at low temperatures with added hydrogen, the liftoff height of the autoignited lifted flames decreased and then increased as the jet velocity increased. Based on the mechanism in which the autoignited laminar lifted flame is stabilized by ignition delay time, the liftoff height can be influenced not only by the heat loss, but also by the preferential diffusion between momentum and mass diffusion in fuel jets during the autoignition process.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

Due to the global warming, international agreements have been propelled by industrialized countries. These days, there are various studies and projects to reduce the carbon emission quantity in South Korea, because South Korea is a strong candidate for a newly industrialized nation by Kyoto Protocol. Therefore, this study arranges plans to create various thematic map by producing database that can manage various datum based on grid spatial objects to manage quantity of forest biomass and carbon dioxide. Moreover, this study designs a system to create forest biomass by using the best method of calculation with LiDAR data and KOMPSAT-2 satellite images. In addition, this study designs a biomass monitoring system for public institutions to register biomass, suggesting actual plans to extract, manage, and utilized forest biomass.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.485-498
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to survey and compare three systemic accident investigation techniques of Accimap, STAMP and FRAM, based on the application studies of the Sewol ferry accident. Background: Traditional accident investigation methods such as domino models, FTA, etc. work well for losses caused by physical component failures or actions of human in relatively simple systems, but are unable to depict mechanisms generating errors and violations in the current complex socio-technical systems. For better understanding the structure and behavior of the socio-technical systems, systemic techniques have been developed and used. Method: This study was mainly based on survey of literatures through surfing webpages of ScienceDirect and Google, and ergonomics relevant journals. The key words of Sewol, Sewol ferry, Sewol ferry accident, etc. were used in the survey. Results: Three systemic accident investigation methods included similar actors in the Sewol ferry accident including government, Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries, Korean Coast Guard, Korean Register of Shipping, Korea Shipping Association, Chonghaejin Marine Company, crew members. The methods graphically represented each level's failures or performance variabilities of relevant functions and relationships between them. It was shown that the systemic methods consider the entire system, ranging from the environment in which the accident occurred, to the role of government in shaping the system of work. Each method has its own comparative pros and cons, but the Accimap has advantages in terms of time of analysis, data required, model complexity and degree of comprehensiveness. Conclusion: This study reviewed and compared three systemic accident investigation methods, which showed that there are systemic characteristics and pros and cons in the methods. Application: The results would be used as a guideline when selecting accident investigation methods.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2003

A grading system of practical word processor skills is designed and implemented by using HWPML(Hangul Word Processor Markup Language) which is a product of Hangul and Computer Co Ltd. By using HWPML, which is a markup tag structure of Hangul file, Hangul files can be edited in other application programs. Authorized users can make questions. However, only the manager is allowed to register answers to the questions in order to maintain the correctness of grading. The result of test is stored in the database and the statistics on pass or failure can be shown interactively. The number of taking test and scores for each user are stored in the database and they can be accessed to whenever the user wants them. Comments on the test results are provided by the manager so that learners can intensity their weak points.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.389-406
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• 2018

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of telemonitoring (TM) in the management of children and adolescents with asthma. Methods: We searched Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and 5 domestic databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through December 2017. Two reviewers independently selected relevant studies, assessed methodological quality and extracted data. We performed a meta-analysis of TM versus usual care and summarized the intervention characteristics of included studies. Results: Of the 3,095 articles identified, 8 RCTs (9 articles) were included in this review. The type of TM intervention of included studies was varying across studies (transmitted data, transmission frequency, data review, etc.). The pooled asthma control score was not significantly different between TM and usual care (standardized mean difference 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.20~0.28). Another pooled analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference in asthma exacerbation between TM and usual care (odds ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.43~2.09). Overall, the pooled results from these studies revealed that TM did not lead to clinically significant improvements in health outcomes, but some studies in our analysis suggested that TM increased patient medication adherence and intervention adherence. Conclusion: The current evidence base does not demonstrate any differences between TM intervention and usual care, but TM intervention might be considered a promising strategy for the delivery of self-management support for children and adolescents with asthma. Further well-designed studies are needed to assess the effects on clinical outcomes.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.236-250
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• 2018

Purpose: Resorption of the alveolar bone is an unavoidable consequence of tooth extraction when appropriate alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) measures are not taken. The objective of this trial was to test the hypothesis that dimensional changes in the alveolar bone after tooth extraction would be reduced by inserting an equine collagen membrane and a collagen cone to fill and seal the alveolus (as ARP), in comparison to extraction with untreated alveoli. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 31 patients were directly treated with the collagen material after extraction of a tooth from the maxilla (the ARP group). Twenty-nine patients served as the control group. After extraction, no further treatment (i.e., no socket preservation measures) was performed in the control group. Changes in the alveolar process immediately after extraction and after an 8 (${\pm}1$)-week healing period were evaluated 3-dimensionally. Blinded analyses were performed after superimposing the data from the digitalized impressions and surfaces generated by cone-beam computed tomography. Results: Both the ARP and control groups showed a reduction of bone in the alveolar area after tooth extraction. However, significantly less bone resorption was detected in the clinically relevant buccal region in the ARP group. The median bone reduction was 1.18 mm in the ARP group and 5.06 mm in the control group (P=0.03). Conclusions: The proposed hypothesis that inserting a combination material comprising a collagen cone and membrane would lead to a difference in alveolar bone preservation can be accepted for the clinically relevant buccal distance. In this area, implantation of the collagen material led to significantly less alveolar bone resorption. German Clinical Trials Register at www.drks.de, DRKS00004769.