• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.225-241
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• 2018

Self-driving is meaningful activity for older persons because it enlarges the range of activity and provides opportunities for social participation. Driving is a complex activity that requires integration of physical, cognitive and sensory functions and is influenced by human and psychological factors. Age related functional deterioration affects the driving ability of older drivers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the risk of accidents and driving cessation of elderly drivers through systematic literature review. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, Pubmed were used for searching articles published from 2007 to 2017. 'aged', 'aging', 'automobile driving', 'age factors' were used as search terms and 18 articles were finally selected for analysis among 1,458 articles. In result of the study, the most significant effect showed in the physical domain, the driving habit and the performance function. The most frequent used tools evaluated driving habit and the cognitive function. In demographic characteristics, there was a correlation with the driving discontinue according to sex and age. This study emphasizes the necessity of preparing measures for safety driving with elderly. In addition, it suggests the necessity of systematically services such as individual education programs based on various driving cessation related factors of the elderly.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-37
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to explore applicability of teaching-learning methods for creative problem solving which was designed to improve students' creative thinking and problem solving competencies. Methodology is literature review and focus group interview. The students who attended the elective course 'creative women and science' was participated during 15 weeks. Through this teaching-learning methods, students were fully aware of learning methods for creative problem solving, sought for problems, clarified problems, found solutions through discussions, and continuously examined ideas by receiving feedbacks. They could deduce creative new solutions to solve encountered problems regarding team dynamics and apply it in real situation. As the results of applying teaching-learning methods for creative problem solving to a course in University, it had the advantages of enhancing students' competencies in analyzing problems and applying derived solutions in actual field.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.306-313
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• 2017

This study systemically analyzed the data on the microbial levels in fresh vegetables in Korea to identify the points to control. We scanned the studies published between 2001 and 2015 in peer-reviewed research papers on the microbial levels in fresh vegetables produced in Korea. Plant products were categorized by using the US IFSAC (Interagency Food Safety Analytics Collaboration) category. The most consumed, the non-heat treated, the epidemiological foodborne diseases sources of fresh vegetable in foodservice (KCDC data) were identified by literature review. Articles were screened using National Digital Science Library (NDSL) search engine regarding to microbial hazards in plant products. Based on the total plate count number and coliforms on the 89 data cases from 26 published articles, the total plate count number was high in the order of sprouts, leaf and stem, bulbs and roots, vine-grown, solanaceous, melons, and pome. Escherichia coli was frequently detected in leaf and stem and sprouts products. Focused on the microbial data of leek, lettuce and cabbage, the levels of total plate count, coliforms and Bacillus cereus showed the levels of 4.15~7.69 log CFU/g, 1~6.99 log CFU/g, and 0.51~3.9 log CFU/g, respectively, by 33 published papers. The levels of environmental factors affecting the microbial safety of lettuce and leek before harvest were investigated. Manure, soil, hands, scale, gloves were the major potential microbial contamination points to control. In addition, GAP (good agricultural practice), microbial testing, and improvement of irrigation methods are required to provide the safer fresh produce.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.339-355
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• 1993

The purpose of this correlational study was to offer strategies for nursing intervention to improve compliance with prenatal care. This study was designed to investigate degree of tardiness, correlation between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care. In research, the characteristic of hardiness has 1 teen demonstrated in resolving stressful situaltions and in adapting to overcome physical and psycho-logical tension. pregnancy is normal crisis process. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate degree of hardiness in normal pregnant woman and I think that concept of hardiness is able to become a new, important concept for prenatal care imtervention. The subjects were 388 normal pregnant woman over five months, who were selected from five university hospitals and two health centers in Taegu. Data were obtained using a convenience sample technique. Data collection was done from March 6 to June 18, 1992. The instruments used for this study were the Health Related Hardiness Scale developed by Pollock(1984) and compliance with a prenatal care scale developed by the author on the basis of results of a literature review. Data were analyzed using the SAS program for t - test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The results are as follows : 1. The scores on the hardiness scale ranged from 35 to 210 with mean of 88.89. 2. The scores on the compliance with prenatal care scale ranged from 28 to 140 with a mean of 111.49. 3. There were significant differences between hardiness and obstetrical characteristic factors, duration of pregnancy, frequency of pregnancy, frequency of abortion(P .05). 4. There were significant differences between compliance with prenatal care and general and obstetircal characteristic factors, education and frequency of pregnancy(P .05). 5. Correlations between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care were all negative and significant(r=-.2276~ -.2930, P .000). Challenge of hardiness components was the low est (r= -.2814). 6. Significant differences between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care by group were as follows : Group 1 was the high est, whereas Group 8 was the lowest(F=5.47, P .0000). 7. Factors influencing compliance with prenatal care were : 1) Challenge was the main variable and accounted for 7.92% of the total variance. 2) Education and frequency of pregnancy accounted for an additional 2.74% of the total variance. From the above findings, this study suggests the following : 1) Considering the lack of empirical support, the theroy of hardiness needs to be evaluated. 2) A valid, reliable and culturally appropriate instrument needs to be developed for Health Related Hardiness Scale. 3) There is a need for further study of hardiness in a broad variety of populations. 4) There is a need for comparative study correlation between hardiness and compliance with prenatal care in woman with normal and abnormal pregnancies

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.541-553
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between epistemic goals, epistemic considerations and complexity of reasoning of science high school students in an open inquiry and to explore the context on how open inquiry compares with the characteristics of an authentic scientific inquiry. Two teams were selected as focus groups and a case study was conducted. The findings are as follows: First, the contexts, such as 'sharing the value for the phenomenon understanding, reflection on the value of the research, task characteristics that require collaboration and consensus, and sufficient communication opportunities,' promote epistemic goals and considerations. On the other hand, contexts such as 'lack of opportunity for critical review of related literature and environmental constraints' lowered epistemic sides. Second, epistemic goals and considerations influenced the reasoning complexity. The goal of 'scientific sense making' led to reasoning that pose testable hypotheses based on students' own questions. The high justification considerations led to purposely focusing attention to the control designs and developing creative experimental know-how. The high audience considerations led to defending their findings through argumentation and suggesting future research. On the other hand, the goal of 'doing the lesson' and the low justification considerations led to reasoning that did not interpret the meaning of the data and did not control the limit of experiment. The low audience considerations led to reasoning that did not actively defend their findings and not suggest future research. The results of this study suggest that guidance should provide communication and critical review opportunities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.445-455
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify the structural relationship among students' grit, interest, self-regulation ability, task-commitment and achievement within science learning. Our concern is understanding how grit is related to the other non-cognitive variables, i.e., interest, self-regulation ability, and task-commitment, which are widely known as significant predictors of science achievement. Based on literature review, we evaluated two hypothetical models in the frame of structural equation modeling as follows: first, grit was assumed to mediate relations of interest and self-regulation ability, and interest and task-commitment. Second, grit was assumed to have a direct effect on self-regulation ability and task-commitment independent of interest. In both models, grit was assumed to be indirectly associated with science achievement. A total number of 180 high school students (77 boys, 103 girls) participated in surveys on grit, interest, self-regulation ability, and task-commitment and reported their science test scores on mid-term/final exams. Results revealed that students' grit and interest were indirectly associated with their science achievement with the mediation of their self-regulation and task-commitment. We also found that task-commitment was highly correlated with interest and self-regulation. Furthermore, we found different patterns of correlations within the five variables between female and male students. From these results, we suggested that researchers need to investigate whether students' grit and task-commitment can explain their interest decreasing as they move to higher grade levels, how teachers can help students to maintain their interest in learning science from early childhood, and relationships of these non-cognitive variables and science achievement.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.415-437
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• 2011

The increased interest in consumer health information(CHI) has brought about a rapid increase in CHI resources. There are diverse means for obtaining such information, and one CHI acquisition route is the public library. In the U.S. public libraries, the demand for CHI reference services is increasing, and a variety of projects to promote these services are in progress. On the other hand, Korean public library services for CHI is at a very basic level, and thus a very small amount of such research could be found. This study drew suggestions from a literature review of research studies in the U.S. and Canada, and analyzed public library CHI services in Korea. The findings are as follows. 1) Only 17.25% of public libraries in Korea provided CHI service, and it evidences very low needs and awareness for CHI services in Korea. 2) Only three kinds of services including CHI-related websites, users training, and promotional and marketing were provided, and only 13(1.74%) of libraries surveyed offered more than two kinds of services. 3) There were no CHI librarians, nor did any librarians receive CHI-related education. 4) ILL services, outreach services, and cooperation with CHI- and medical-related institutions for CHI services were not found. Therefore, this study suggests that more research on delivery strategies for CHI services should be conducted in the future.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.591-599
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• 2017

It is well established that endurance performance is negatively affected by environmental heat stress. Numerous scientific investigations have attempted to improve performance in the heat with pre-cooling and per-cooling for endurance athletes. Some cooling strategies are more logistically challenging than others, and thus are often impractical for use in training or competition. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the use of cooling interventions in the improvement of performance and recovery from exercise-induced heat stress. We undertook an examination that focused on the effects of pre-cooling and per-cooling on the improvement in endurance performance and the effects of post-exercise cooling on recovery. The benefits for pre-cooling and per-cooling strategies undertaken in the laboratory setting could be employed by athletes who compete in hot environmental conditions to improve performance. Most laboratory studies have shown improvements in endurance performance following pre-cooling and per-cooling, and in recovery following post-cooling. Cooling strategies such as cooling vest, neck cooling collar, menthol and ice slurry are practically relevant to sports field. Cooling interventions that can be applied frequently to reduce thermal strain prior to, during and directly after training appear to be the best effective strategy to improve performance and recovery. Future research is warranted to investigate the effectiveness of practical pre-cooling and per-cooling strategies in competition or field settings.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.533-542
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• 2017

This study aimed to develop a measure of professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and to analyze the factors and characteristics of professional identity of these dental hygienists. In this study, 890 dental hygienists completed a self-administered survey. The final analysis was conducted with a total of 880 responses, excluding 10 questionnaires with unreliable responses and partial responses. A systematic literature review was conducted to establish the definition of professional identity, while content validity, exploratory factor, confirmatory factor, and reliability analysis were conducted to establish the constructive factors. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to identify the level of each factor. Authors conceptualized the professional identity for Korean dental hygienists and item generation, item reduction, and questionnaire formatting. The developed measure of professional identity for dental hygienists consisted of five factors, with 15 items. "Sense of calling," "need for academic capacity building," "performance of delegated authority," "compliance of code of ethics," and "usage of professional organizations" were the constituent factors. Based on these factors, the level of professional identity was the highest in the "performance of delegated authority" and lowest in the "usage of professional organizations." These finding indicated that dental hygienists with higher education levels have higher professional identity levels. The dental hygienists working at the general/university hospital had the highest level of professional identity. Thus, further research is needed to establish a model that consists of factors affecting and influencing the professional identity of dental hygienists.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sanitation management of school foodstuffs and the sanitation knowledge of delivery company workers. A questionnaire that identified employee's food safety sanitation management, knowledge, and practices was developed based on a review of the literature. The subjects consisted of 201 delivery company workers from 38 delivery companies in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. The workers were 30-39 years of age (41.3%) with 1-3 years of working experience (30.8%). Approximately 62% of the respondents were educated and had 1-2 years of food safety experience, 52.7% of the respondents delivered foodstuffs to two schools in the morning. The total score for delivery company worker sanitation knowledge was 3.75/7.00, which was low. The total mean sanitary performance score for factory workers was 4.58/5.00. They indicated that the most difficult part of the operation is delivering on time. Temperature management was another difficulty. In order to secure the best quality of school food to be supplied safely, the thorough sanitation education must be conducted to the school dieticians and delivery company managers.