• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

Predicting the fire resistance of structures has been significantly advanced by full scale fire tests in conjunction with improved understanding of compartmental fire. Despite the progress, application of insulation is still required to parts of structural steelwork to achieve over 60 minutes of fire rating. It is now recognised that uncertainties on insulation properties hinder adaptation of performance based designs for different types of structures. Intumescent coating has recently appeared to be one of most popular insulation types for steel structures, but its design method remains to be confirmed by empirical data, as technical difficulties on the determination of the material properties at elevated temperatures exist. These need to take into account of further physiochemical transitions such as moving boundary and endothermic reaction. The impetus for this research is to investigate the applicability of the conventional differential equation solution which examines the temperature rise on coated steel members by an inorganic intumescent coating, provided that the temperature-dependent thermal/mechanical insulation properties are experimentally defined in lab scale tests.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.21-23
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• 2002

In millimeter wave applications, it is often necessary to use transitions between waveguide and planar circuits. Finline structures can be used effectively to this purpose. In multilayered case, it is necessary to analyze the structure with numerical method such as spectral domain immittance method. The design procedure uses tile cutoff frequency for each taper width. The dispersion data in a single layer are compared with those in literature. The performance of the designed finline taper is verified with the FEM simulation using HFSS.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2012

In this study, we determine that the electron paramagnetic resonance line-width (EPRLW) is axially symmetric about the c-axis and analyze the spin Hamiltonian with an isotopic g-factor of 1.9920 at a frequency of 9.5 GHz. It should be noted that the electron paramagnetic resonance signals are Lorentzian. Our findings show that the EPRLW decreases exponentially with an increase in the temperature; i.e., its temperature dependence in the range 300-400 K obeys Arrhenius behavior, this kind of temperature dependence indicates an off-center a motional narrowing of the spectrum when $Mn^{2+}$ impurity ions substitute for $Nb^{5+}$ ions. The specific heats follow a linear dependence suggesting a simple Debye $T^3$ behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2014

Since 1990s the concern on essence and inside has transferred onto the surface and its style. The longing for plastic surgery and skin beauty might prove this fervent tendency. Furthermore the development of digital media and technology as well as high-tech material enabled this hope to be real in the realm of design. All these progresses and transitions toward the surface introduced more creative and novel phenomena of furniture design arena around its surface. The rising of surface has evolved through architecture, interior design and furniture. The surface of furniture can be easily transposed into the human skin. And it acquires the aspects of skin's metaphoric and symbolic meaning. The characteristics of skin effect in furniture design can be summarized as material aspects, relational aspects, and formal aspects. Material aspects shows skin's elasticity and smooth plane. Relational aspects express the reactive functions of skin. Formal aspects represent organic power through surface.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.442-445
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• 1999

In this work, to detect of hydrogen in DI water in the generator area of nuclear power plants was fabricated Pd/Pt gate MISFET sensor using Pd membrane. $H_2$ permeation through Pd accounts for external mass transfer, surface adsorption and desorption, transitions to and from the bulk metal, and diffusion within the metal. The identification of pinholes in the generator area of plant is an important safety consideration, as hydrogen build-up gives rise to explosion. For this type of application the sensor needs to be isolated in DI water, accordingly, a Pd membrane was used to separate the DI water. The hydrogen in the DI water was then absorbed on the Pd thin film and diffused into the oil through the thin film. The Pd/Pt gate MISFET sensor, encapsulated by oil, will thereby detect permeated hydrogen.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.523-528
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• 1996

In Korean topography the behaviors of random fractals and multifractality are analytically and numerically studied on the mountain heights shown between $128{\sim}129^{\circ}E$ and $37{\sim}38^{\circ}N$. The phase transitions on the fractal structure are approximately found at the critical length $N_c=2000m$ from the values of standard deviations that it varies with both the longitudinal and latitudinal lengths. In the multifractal structure we assume that the mountain heights divided by the intervals of 20 m are located on the horizontal plane in two dimensional square lattice, and estimate the values of the generalized dimension and the scaling exponents by using the the box counting method for the three cases of square area ($1{\times}1km^2$, $2{\times}2km^2$, $4{\times}4km^2$).

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2021

Before COVID-19, tourist destinations have experienced problems with congestion of both famous tourist attractions and public transportation. Over-tourism is not an issue at this time, but it is likely to rekindle after the COVID-19 pandemic ends. One method of mitigating over-tourism is to estimate tourist behavior using a tourist transition model and consequently adjust public transportation operations. In this study, we propose a construction method for a model of tourist transitions among tourist attractions based on tourist GPS trajectory data. We construct tourist transition models using actual trajectory data for tourists staying in the vicinity of Kyoto City. The results verify the model performance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.4835-4848
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• 2020

The recent expansion of the digital content market is increasing the technical demand for various facial image transformations within the virtual environment. The recent image translation technology enables changes between various domains. However, current image-to-image translation techniques do not provide stable performance through unsupervised learning, especially for shape learning in the face transition field. This is because the face is a highly sensitive feature, and the quality of the resulting image is significantly affected, especially if the transitions in the eyes, nose, and mouth are not effectively performed. We herein propose a new unsupervised method that can transform an in-wild face image into another face style through radical transformation. Specifically, the proposed method applies two face-specific feature loss functions for a generative adversarial network. The proposed technique shows that stable domain conversion to other domains is possible while maintaining the image characteristics in the eyes, nose, and mouth.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.44-47
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• 2024

With the advancement of Internet technology, online sales and purchases of products have become active. Along with this, the importance of user reviews is also being highlighted. Although user reviews are actively utilized for product sales and purchases, it is difficult to quickly and easily obtain useful information due to the abundance of user reviews. Therefore, prioritizing user reviews is a necessary service for customers that requires careful consideration. Metadata, which contains important information, can be effectively used to prioritize user reviews. However, it is crucial to select and use metadata appropriately according to the purpose. Lean Startup proposes a strategy of repeatedly correcting the problems of ideas or making early transitions to continue trying different approaches. In this paper, we propose a three-step method applying the Lean Startup process to analyze ways to prioritize user reviews using metadata: Build Priority, Measure Priority, Learn Priority.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1808-1815
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• 2001

The characteristics of a pulsed plasma jet originating from an electrothermal capillary discharge have been investigate using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) measurement. Previous emission measurements of a 3.1 kJ plasma jet show trial upstream of the Mach disk the temperature and electron number density are about 14,000 K and and 10$\^$17/ cm$\^$-3/, while downstream of the Mach dick tole values are about 25,000 K and 10$\^$18/ cm$\^$-3/, respectively. However, these values are barred on line-of-sight integrated measurements that may be misleading. Hence, LIF is being used to provide both spatially and temporally resolved measurements. Our recent work has been directed at using planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging of atomic copper in the plasma jet flow field. Copper is a good candidate for PLIF studies because it is present throughout the plasma and has electronic transitions that provide an excellent pump-detect strategy. Our PLIF results to date show that emission measurements may give a misleading picture of the flow field, as there appeals to be a large amount of relatively low temperature copper outside the barrel shock. which may lead to errors in temperature inferred from emission spectroscopy. In this paper, the copper LIF image is presented and at the moment, relative density of atomic copper, which is distributed in the upstream of the pulsed plasma jet, is discussed qualitatively.