• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were as follows; to investigate elementary school teachers' understanding of scientific inquiry, experiences in learning/teaching, their educational experience of scientific inquiry, and to study the difficulties they experience in teaching scientific inquiry methods to elementary students and their suggestions for future inquiry materials. For the purposes of this study, 157 elementary school teachers participated in a survey and 10 teachers were interviewed in-depth in relation to their ideas and experiences of scientific inquiry. The results show that most elementary school teachers had a lack of understanding of scientific inquiry skills, and lacked educational experiences of inquiry methods in general. They generally perceived the 7th science text-books as being inappropriate and inadequate for teaching students scientific inquiry processes. The educational implications are discussed to help practitioners implement scientific inquiries successfully through the various types of teaching materials and professional developments.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.227-238
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 데이터 기반 과학탐구에서 탐구활동과 협력적 문제해결력에 대한 초등학생들의 인식을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 경남 소재 도시의 초등학생 고학년 26명을 대상으로 20차시의 데이터 기반 과학탐구 수업을 진행하였다. 학생들은 탐구 문제를 선정한 후 디지털 탐구도구로 데이터를 수집하는 탐구 과정을 수행하였다. 수업 후 인식 조사 설문과 면담을 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 학생들은 데이터 기반 과학탐구에서 '탐구 설계 및 수행' 단계가 가장 유익한 것으로 인식하였다. 둘째, 학생들은 데이터 기반 과학탐구를 통해 과학적 능력과 협동심이 향상되었고, 탐구문제 선정이 가장 어렵다고 인식하였다. 셋째, 학생들은 협력적 문제해결력의 향상에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 데이터 기반 과학탐구는 초등학생들의 과학적 탐구능력과 협력적 문제해결력 향상을 위해 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구를 바탕으로 다양한 탐구활동의 개발과 연구를 통해 미래를 살아갈 학생들에게 필요한 다양한 역량들을 함양할 수 있는 탐구 기회가 제공되기를 기대한다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2012

This study explored practicing elementary school teacher's beliefs of scientific inquiry and scientific inquiry teaching methods. Defining teacher's beliefs as a broad construct, we tried to examine the teachers' understandings about the scientific inquiry and scientific inquiry teaching method. This study drew on interview data from 10 elementary teachers in busan and changwon area of korea. Conclusions of this study include; First, we found that elementary teacher's beliefs of inquiry were represented variously. And they considered that inquiry is the important goal of science education. They though that the goal of science education is development of Scientific inquiry skills, Scientific thinking skills, development of Creativity and problem solving ability, increasing interest about science, understanding of the basic concepts of science and apply of real-life. second, most of the teachers though that Scientific inquiry is scientists activities, they defined 'the process of creation of new knowledge', 'the process of deriving theory', 'solving process of intellectual curiosity', 'Problem-solving process'. third, they considered that teaching method of scientific inquiry is open inquiry activities. however, they thought that there are many difficulties to actually apply. Understanding teachers' beliefs has implications for both the enactment of inquiry teaching in the classroom as well as the uptake of new teaching behaviors during professional development, with enhanced outcomes for engaging students in Science.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.211-226
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate science teachers' understandings about scientific argumentation in the classroom. Seven structured interview protocols were developed, asking the definition of scientific inquiry, the differentiation between scientific inquiry and hands-on activity, the opportunity of student argumentation, explicit teaching strategies for scientific argumentation, the critical example of argumentation, the criteria of successful argumentation, and the barrier of developing argumentation. The results indicate that there are differences and similarities in understandings about scientific argumentation between two groups of middle school teachers and upper elementary. Basically, teachers at middle school define scientific inquiry as the opportunity of practicing reasoning skills through argumentation, while teachers at upper elementary define it as the more opportunities of practicing procedural skills through experiments rather than of developing argumentation. Teachers in both groups have implemented a teaching strategy called "Claim-Evidence Approach," for the purpose of providing students with more opportunities to develop arguments. Students' misconception, limited scientific knowledge and perception about inquiry as a cycle without the opportunity of using reasoning skills were considered as barriers for implementing authentic scientific inquiry in the classroom.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.280-288
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• 2019

본 연구는 초등교사의 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해 수준과 실태를 조사하여 과학 탐구 지도에 대한 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. D광역시 초등교사 42명을 대상으로 과학적 탐구에 관한 관점(Views About Scientific Inquiry)설문지를 사용하여 설문조사를 실시했다. 응답한 결과를 분석 준거에 따라 초등교사의 8가지 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해 수준을 3단계(전문가적, 과도기적, 초보자적)로 구분하여 과학적 탐구의 이해 실태를 조사하였다. 그리고 연구대상의 특성이 과학적 탐구 수준에 영향을 미치는지 분석했다. 그 결과 과학적 탐구의 8가지 특성 중 '탐구 방법은 의문 해결에 적합해야 한다'와 '탐구 결론은 반드시 수집된 자료와 일치해야 한다'는 2가지 특성에서 전문가적 수준 비율이 높게 나타났다. 나머지 관점에서는 대부분의 초등교사가 과도기와 초보자적 수준으로 나타났고 전문가적 수준은 상대적으로 매우 적었다. 이는 현장에서 탐구에 대해 가르치고 있는 초등교사의 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해가 제한적이라는 것을 시사하고 있다. 그리고 연구대상의 경력, 과학관련 연수이수 여부는 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 학생을 지도한 경험과 현재까지 개설된 과학관련 연수들이 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해를 높이는데 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다는 것을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 과학 탐구 지도를 위해 초등교사의 과학적 탐구에 관한 이해를 증진시킬 필요가 있고 이를 위한 기존의 교사 교육 방식과 다른 형태의 방안이 마련될 필요가 있다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2004

The purpose of this literature review is to investigate what kinds of research have been done about scientific inquiry in terms of scientific argumentation in the classroom context from the upper elementary to the high school levels. First, science educators argued that there had not been differentiation between authentic scientific inquiry by scientists and school scientific inquiry by students in the classroom. This uncertainty of goals or definition of scientific inquiry has led to the problem or limitation of implementing scientific inquiry in the classroom. It was also pointed out that students' learning science as inquiry has been done without opportunities of argumentation to understand how scientific knowledge is constructed. Second, what is scientific argumentation, then? Researchers stated that scientific inquiry in the classroom cannot be guaranteed only through hands-on experimentation. Students can understand how scientific knowledge is constructed through their reasoning skills using opportunities of argumentation based on their procedural skills using opportunities of experimentation. Third, many researchers emphasized the social practices of small or whole group work for enhancing students' scientific reasoning skills through argumentations. Different role of leadership in groups and existence of teachers' roles are found to have potential in enhancing students' scientific reasoning skills to understand science as inquiry. Fourth, what is scientific reasoning? Scientific reasoning is defined as an ability to differentiate evidence or data from theory and coordinate them to construct their scientific knowledge based on their collection of data (Kuhn, 1989, 1992; Dunbar & Klahr, 1988, 1989; Reif & Larkin, 1991). Those researchers found that students skills in scientific reasoning are different from scientists. Fifth, for the purpose of enhancing students' scientific reasoning skills to understand how scientific knowledge is constructed, other researchers suggested that teachers' roles in scaffolding could help students develop those skills. Based on this literature review, it is important to find what kinds of generalizable teaching strategies teachers use for students scientific reasoning skills through scientific argumentation and investigate teachers' knowledge of scientific argumentation in the context of scientific inquiry. The relationship between teachers' knowledge and their teaching strategies and between teachers teaching strategies and students scientific reasoning skills can be found out if there is any.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권spc5호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a spider inquiry program for elementary school students based on the scientific-knowledge generating model. For the purposes of this study, we selected three species of snider (e.g. Pardosa astrigera, Argiope bruennichii, Nephila clavata) which were easily found in a school garden by elementary school students. The spider inquiry program was based on a model of the process of scientific-knowledge generation, and consisted of two sections: for students and teachers. The students' program was designed to generate scientific-knowledge, whilst the teachers' program was designed to guide the inquiry smoothly even in the case of teachers who lack experience in inquiry activities or possess limited subject knowledge on spiders. As a result, this program was found to have an influence on generating the scientific-knowledge of elementary students and the results further suggest that it may be helpful to teachers conducting an inquiry activity. Additionally, this program could be used as a selective activity lesson such as a science inquiry lesson, or as a biology inquiry class, as a weekend life experience study or as an activity on a science camp.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of science-play activity that isn't easily completed in a course of study, put in practice an development activity class on the scientific inquiry skills and the scientific attitude of elementary school students. For this purpose, the general activity was applied for the comparative group (40 students), the science-play activity was applied for the experimental group (34 students); they are composed of 5th and 6th graders elementary school students of 74, a class of an hour during a week. The results were analyzed by means of comparing between groups as well as within groups. The results of this research is as follows: Firstly, the science-play activity as an development activity was effective in the improvement of the scientific attitudes of elementary school students. Secondly, the science-play activity as an development activity was effective in the improvement of the scientific inquiry skills of elementary school students.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.261-277
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 교육대학교 초등과학교육론 수업에서 과학 활동지 만들기 수업 프로그램을 통해 초등 예비교사들의 과학에 대한 태도와 과학 탐구에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 교육대학교 3학년에 재학중인 예비교사 141명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 과학 탐구활동지 만들기 수업 프로그램은 초등 예비교사들의 과학에 대한 태도를 개선시켰으며, 과학에 관한 지식을 갖추는 것이 중요하다는 인식에 도움을 주어 장래 학교에서 과학을 가르치는 일을 더 즐거운 것으로 느끼게 만들 수 있었던 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 과학 탐구활동지 만들기 수업 프로그램은 초등 예비교사들의 과학 탐구에 대한 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 탐구 기반 학습 유형을 중요한 과학 수업의 과정으로 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 과학 탐구활동지 만들기 수업 프로그램이 현장에 가서 어떠한 도움이 될 수 있는지에 대한 개방형 질문 결과, 수업모형의 활용 방안 측면에서 도움이 된다는 반응이 가장 많았고, 초등학생들의 과학적 지식이나 탐구과정 이해에 도움을 줄 것으로 생각하고 있었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.379-393
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the complexity of scientific reasoning during open inquiry activities of pre-service elementary school teachers. In this study, 6 pre-service elementary teachers who participated in open-inquiry activities were selected. The data of scientific reasoning during their inquiry process was collected from the video recording of reporting about inquiry process and results, their reports and researcher's notetaking. CSRI Matrix (Dolan & Grady, 2010) was used to analyze the complexity of participants' scientific reasoning. The result showed that the degree of the complexity of their scientific reasoning varied in participants. Particularly the low degree of the complexity of scientific reasoning presented in posing preliminary hypotheses, providing suggestions for future research, communicating and defending finding. Also, The more pre-service teachers' epistemology of inquiry are similar to that of scientists, the more complex scientific reasoning represents. This results suggest that teachers should impress on students the importance of doing the precedent study and providing suggestions for future research, and provide a place for communicating and defending findings.