• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.230-240
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• 2002

Background : The purpose of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate the pharmacist intervention program designed to identify and correctly adjust the dosage of $H_2$-receptor antagonists ($H_2RA$) in renally impaired patients and promote timely conversion of $H_2RA$ from IV to PO therapy. Methods : The study population consisted of renally impaired patients who received $H_2RA$ therapy from April 9 to May 8, 2001 at Hallym Medical Center. Each morning a specifically developed software program identified patients with serum creatinine (Scr) greater than 1.2 mg/dl or age greater than 65 years. The pharmacist, then screened the pharmacy profiles of the identified patients to determine if the patient was on $H_2RA$. For these patients on $H_2RA$ with renal impairement the creatinine clearance (CrCl) was calculated using Cockroft & Gault equation. The pharmacist determined the proper dosage for each identified patients based on the calculated CrCl and the oral dosage that would be appropriate for whom IV therapy was no longer indicated. Result : A total of 149 cases (101 patients) were monitored during the study period. The dosage was inappropriately prescribed for renal function in 61 of 149 cases (41%), and of those, pharmacist made recommendations for 58 cases of which 33 cases (57%) were accepted by the physicians. The administration route of H2RA was inappropriately used as IV in 22 of 53 cases (42%), and pharmacist made recommendations for those 22 cases of which 15 cases (68%) were accepted. Conclusion : Monitoring of patients with renal dysfunction by a pharmacist improved the dosing of $H_2RA$ and a dosing program of patients with renal impairment would be of benefit to other clinicians and institutions seeking to optimize patient care.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2016

Purpose: This research is conducted for better clinical test of Zirconia as we find out the fracture strength difference of Zirconia on cement gaps of full Crown that made use of Zirconia which is somewhat being used in recent dental technology. Methods: We produced each nine of Zirconia Crown of Zirconia fracture cement gaps A group(0.03 mm), B group(0.05 mm), C group(0.08 mm) on cement gaps by use of CAD/CAM, and compared the results. We could end up getting conclusions as following. Results: There was fracture strength difference per cement gaps but no impact(P<0.05). There was difference between $1.962{\pm}0.259$ from group A and $2.005{\pm}0.367$ from group B, but no impact(P<0.05). There was difference between $1.962{\pm}0.259$ from group A and $2.478{\pm}0.331$ from group C, but it's hard to be considered as an impact(P<0.05). Conclusion: Because of the hight pressure 0.08 mm is fractured and Margin has a lot of empty space due to gap for 0.08 mm. To identify the difference between 0.08 mm and 0.05 mm, 0.08 mm is selected as a gap. Therefore when it comes to using 0.05 mm authentically 0.05 mm is quite practical to use as a gap.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.499-504
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• 2019

Head-lice infestation, pediculosis capitis, remains a public-health burden in many countries. The widely used first-line pediculicides and alternative treatments are often too costly for use in poor socio-economic settings. Ivermectin has been considered an alternate treatment for field practice. This study was composed of 2 parts, a cross-sectional survey and an intervention study. The main objectives were to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with head-lice infestation, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ivermectin administration. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 890 villagers in rural areas along Thai-Myanmar border. Females with infestations were eligible for the intervention study, and 181 participated in the intervention study. A post-treatment survey was conducted to assess acceptance of ivermectin as a treatment choice. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and a generalized-estimation-equation model adjusted for cluster effect. The study revealed the prevalence of head-lice infestation was 50% among females and only 3% among males. Age stratification showed a high prevalence among females aged <20 years, and among 50% of female school-children. The prevalence was persistent among those with a history of infestation. The major risk factors were residing in a setting with other infected cases, and sharing a hair comb. The study also confirmed that ivermectin was safe and effective for field-based practice. It was considered a preferable treatment option. In conclusion, behavior-change communication should be implemented to reduce the observed high prevalence of head-lice infestation. Ivermectin may be an alternative choice for head-lice treatment, especially in remote areas.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.157-165
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to identify the clinical effectiveness of two different penetration depths of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: Twenty-four patients requiring the removal of the upper first premolar teeth were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The control group participants did not undergo MOPs. Participants in the experimental group underwent three MOPs each at 4-mm (MOP-4) and 7-mm (MOP-7) depths, which were randomly and equally performed to either the left or right side distal to the canine. The retraction amount was measured on three-dimensional digital models on the 28th day of retraction. MOP-related pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS). Between-group statistical differences in the VAS scores were determined using an independent t-test and those in canine retraction were determined using analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey test. Results: No significant difference was found between the MOP-4 (1.22 ± 0.29 mm/month) and MOP-7 (1.29 ± 0.31 mm/month) groups in terms of the canine retraction rate. Moreover, both the groups demonstrated a significantly higher canine movement than the control group (0.88 ± 0.19 mm/month). MOPs did not significantly affect the mesialization of the posterior teeth (p > 0.05). Moreover, the pain scores in the MOP-4 and MOP-7 groups were similar and showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Three MOPs with a depth of 4 mm can be performed as an effective method to increase the rate of tooth movement. However, three MOPs with depths of 4-7 mm does not additionally enhance tooth movement.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.181-186
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide students with basic information about the stress of the national examination and the stress of the students who have difficulties in school life and the development of counseling and education program for satisfactory academic life. The survey of the 213 students of dental hygiene departments in Chungcheong, Gyungsang region was carried out. As a result of SPSS 3.0 analysis, the index of happiness Satisfaction was the highest points. Happiness index showed statistically significant difference in gender, personality, friendship, academic achievement, pocket money satisfaction, and health status. There was statistically significant difference between the major and the major in satisfaction, personality, friendship, motivation, and power status, and happiness index and major satisfaction were statistically significant.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data needed to plan the effective teaching design of scaling education and to measure the changes in students' confidence in performing scaling according to the number of scaling practices. Scaling education is presented as a core basic hygiene competency of dental hygienists and evaluated as the practical competency of dental hygienists. This study selected 48 third-year students from the department of dental hygiene at S University in Asan, and analyzed data from completed participant surveys. The degree of "confidence in facing the subject in clinical practice," "confidence in applying hand instrument to the subject," and "confidence in applying ultrasonic instruments to the subject" was assessed on a five-point Likert scale. The difference in confidence was analyzed during five practice sessions. Each response was compared using frequency analysis, chi-square test, and repeated measurement ANOVA. Students who complained of a lack of confidence in the 14.6%, 25.0%, and 12.5%, respectively, in face-to-face practice, hand instruments, and ultrasonic instrument application responses. The more the practice was repeated, the more confident students were in all three categories, and the more statistically significant (p<0.001). As the number of scaling practice sessions increased, students' confidence in performing scaling also improved. In particular, the level of self-confidence was higher after the third practice session when compared to the first session. Therefore, it is necessary to design effective courses for teaching scaling practices so that at least three repetitive practice periods can be provided in clinical dental hygiene practices.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2021

Purpose. The design of the implant-abutment complex is thought to be responsible for marginal bone loss (MBL) and might affect the condition of the peri-implant tissues. This the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of the implant-abutment complex on MBL and the peri-implant tissues in partially edentulous patients treated with dental implants and determine the most advantageous design. Materials and Methods. A total of ninety-one endosseous implants with different designs of implant-abutment complex [tissue level-TL (n = 30), platform switch-PS (n = 18), and platform match-PM (n = 43)] were reviewed for MBL, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Bleeding on Probing (BoP). MBL was calculated for first year of the insertion and the following years. Results. The median MBL for the PM implants (2.66 ± 1.67 mm; n = 43) in the first year was significantly higher than those for the other types (P=.033). The lowest rate of MBL (0.61 ± 0.44 mm; n = 18) was observed with PS implants (P=.000). The position of the crown-abutment border showed a statistically significant influence (P=.019) and a negative correlation (r=-0.395) on MBL. BoP was found significantly higher in PM implants (P=.006). The lowest BoP scores were detected in PS implants, but the difference was not significant (P=.523). The relation between PPD and connection type revealed no statistically significant influence (P>.05). Conclusion. Within the limitations of the present study, it may be concluded that PS implants seem to show better peri-implant soft tissue conditions and cause less MBL.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2022

Background: For the elderly, masticatory function is one of the most important oral functions and the masticatory ability is related to the wearing of dentures. Many older people wear dentures for their masticatory function, but a significant number of older people who use dentures have found that they feel uncomfortable when performing their daily activities, such as performing masticating functions or talking. Objects: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the forward head posture (FHP), respiratory function and thickness of masseter (MS), and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) are affected by the presence or absence of dentures in the elderly, and what kind of correlation there is between these variables. Methods: The study was conducted on 11 patients in the normal group and 13 in the denture group. The participant's cognitive ability was evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination Korean (MMSE-K), and the FHP was evaluated by measuring the craniovertebral angle (CVA). The thickness of the MS and SCM muscles were measured using ultrasound, and respiration was measured with a spirometry. As for the statistical method, the correlation of each variable was investigated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: In the normal group, there was a significant correlation between forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (p < 0.001), and in the denture group, FVC and FEV1 (p < 0.001), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) (p < 0.001), CVA and Lt. MS (p = 0.012). Conclusion: CVA and Lt. MS of the denture group have a high negative correlation, it is related that the thickness of MS may be thick when the elderly wearing dentures are FHP.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze research trends in articles published in the Journal of Dental Hygiene Science over the past decade. Methods: From 2011 to 2020, 653 studies were reviewed using a keyword analysis. Contents such as academic classification, research type, research method, research topic, data collection method, data analysis method, and financial support were analyzed. Results: Analysis by school type showed 34.2% of clinical dental hygiene studies, 23.3% of educational dental hygiene studies, 22.8% of basic dental hygiene studies, 10.0% of other field studies, and 9.8% of social dental hygiene studies. By type of study, quantitative studies were the most common at 69.5%. Regarding data collection methods, 45.8% of the studies that used surveys were the most common. The subjects of the study were 20.1% experimental studies, 15.6% general adults, and 15.0% dental hygienists. Regarding the data analysis method, 49.3% of the studies that conducted frequency analysis were the most common. The total number of keywords was 2,390, with 107 (4.48%) being 'dental hygienists.' Next, oral health was the most common with 67 (2.80%) articles, followed by 31 for the elderly (1.30%), 25 for dental hygiene students (1.05%), and 24 for stress (1.00%). Conclusion: For academic development of dental hygiene, it is necessary to explore the diversity of academic topics based on the results of this study. It is necessary to find a way to spread the research results so that the published research can be used for the academic development of dental hygiene.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.427-436
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• 2005

Objective: MMP-8 is a neutrophil enzyme and its level increases in some inflammatory diseases, including periodontal disease. We knew that the lipopolysaccharide of E.coli(E-LPS) induced MMP-8 release from human neutrophils. E-LPS is known to induce the production and release of inflammatory cytokines through CD14, Toll-like receptor(TLR). In the present study, we investigated whether MMP-8 release by E-LPS is induced via CD14-TLR pathway and the cellular mechanism of MMP-8 release in human neutrophils. Material and methods: Human neutrophils were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and pre-incubated in medium containing antibodies against CD14, anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4 or several inhibitors of microtubules and microfilaments and then incubated with E-LPS. The cells were treated TPCK and E-LPS simultaneously. The MMP-8amount in the culture medium was determined using ELISA. Results: E-LPS increased MMP-8release from neutrophils and its induction was inhibited by anti-CD14 and anti-TLR4 but not by anti-TLR2 antibodies. The inhibitors of microtubule and microfilament polymerization significantly decreased E-LPS-induced MMP-8release. TPCK inhibited E-LPS-induced MMP-8 release. Conclusion: These results suggest that MMP-8 release is induced by E-LPS via the CD14-TLR4 signal pathway in human neutrophils and may be depedent on microtubule and microfilament systems and $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway.