• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.58-62
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• 1994

Until 1960 water pollution was caused by virus but now in according to industrial develop cent it has been continued environmental pollution by surfactant heavy metal, and hazardous chemical substance erst.. It is possible to Prevent contamination by virus owing to development of antibiotic but not to dissolve basely health effect by hazardous chemical substances because it takes very long time, about 5-40 years, average 20 years, in appearing a disease after exposure by then To maintain human life for 75 years, it need 55 ton of water. In the experiment of Public Health Institute, Tokyo, they reported that over 200 chemical substances can be detected in case of human being to drink tap water of Tokyo(1989) continuously. In our country, elevation of life style and development of industry result in increase of water use and overappreciation of pesticides in farm land a(sects drinking water quality. We estimated analytical item of drinking water hygienically by dividing into 5 groups such as physical effect item health hazardous inorganic item and health hazardous organic item ect. based on hygienic purpose.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.72-87
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• 1994

The objective of this study is to survey environmental substances for the preservation of the seashore national park. The sea water near Tae- An national park was clear but the water of the harbor was polluted with wastewater from ships and sewage. The sea water at the bathing resorts was clear but may be polluted by wastewater from near by sea water. The public environmental index containing air, water, noise, open space and land scape of Tae- An seashore national park was high The concentration of total suspended solids in the air was lower than that of standard levels. When the surroundings of the national park are developed, the effects of development will be estimated.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.32-40
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• 1994

The concentration of ozone in 5 major cities in Korea( Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangjoo, Incheon ) has been shown increasing trend after 1984, while decreasing trend in Hsan. According to the data from 12 monitoring stations in 9 cities of metropolitan area from January 1994 to August 1994, ozone concentration exceeded short term standard 99 times and 87%(861imes) of those was occurred during July and Augusta while the maximum ozone concentration was appeared mainly between 14: 00 and 17: 00 daily. As the result of epidemiological survey, main substances which irritate eyes were identified to be PAN and formaldehyde rather than ozone while ozone was identified to be reachable to deep part of respiratory system main target organ of ozone.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.88-100
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• 1994

A study on the recovery of useful components from waste tire. This study was carried out investigate the recovery of fuel oil condensed from gases formed in the pyrolysis of waste tire. Energy to require the pyrolysis of waste tire was used the heat that was produced by the combustion of the gases from the pyrolysis of waste tire itself. The results are as follows; 1. Energy to require forming the fuel oil by the pyrolysis of waste tire was used only 1/6 quantities of waste tire for forming fuel oil. 2. The formed fuel oil were light oil, Kerosene and gasoline 3. The pollutants of combustion gas of patronizable gases was lower than standard Value.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 2008

The non-linear least squares model(NLSM) has long been the standard technique used by hydrologists for constructing rating curves. The reasons for its adaptation are vague, and its appropriateness as a method of describing discharge measurement uncertainty has not been well investigated. It is shown in this paper that the classical method of NLSM can model only a very limited class of variance heterogeneity. Furthermore, this lack of flexibility often leads to unaccounted heteroscedasticity, resulting in dubious values for the rating curve parameters and estimated discharge. By introducing a heteroscedastic maximum likelihood model(HMLM), the variance heterogeneity is treated more generally. The maximum likelihood model stabilises the variance better than the NLSM approach, and thus is a more robust and appropriate way to fit a rating curve to a set of discharge measurements.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 1997

This study was conducted to know the possibility of reducing lime dosage by recycling sludge from bleaching wastewater lime coagulation settlement treatment at pulp mill process. In case of bleaching wastewater at the pulp mill process, when the lime dosage was increased, the removal efficiency of TSS(Total Suspended Solids) was increased, proportionally, but the organic removal efficiency was increased very slowly. It was concluded that sludge recycling at the lime coagulation settlement process was effective method to reduce the requirement of lime dosage. At the lime coagulation settlement process with sludge recycling, when the recycling number was increased, the organic removal efficiency was decreased, sharply. It was evaluated that the pH could be the basic standard for lime supplement by sludge recycling.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.20 no.3 s.57
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

Recently, indoor air quality (IAQ) in workplace, residential environments and schools has been concerned of people, scientists and related the public, and has recognized the healthy effectsrelated to IAQ, specially in schools in Korea. Therefore, objectives of this study in this study were to measure and compare the perception of TAQ of selected air pollutants in Seoul from April to September 2004. Measurement place measured 2 schools of Seoul and local 9 schools (by Kyonggi Province, Chungchong-bukdo Chungchong-namdo, Chollado-bukdo, Cholla-namdo, Kyongsang-bukdo, Kyongsang-namdo, Kwangju, schoolin Pusan each 1 place). Temperature, humidity, illumination, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, TBC (total bacteria count), noise, PM10, TVOC(total volatile organic compounds), HCHO (formaldehyde) were measured simultaneously. Also, we Performed a questionnaire survey of 250 students and 50 teachers about their awareness for the importance of IAQ in their schools. Among this article, we handled noise, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, TBC, TVOC, HCHO, PM 10 in our conclusion. Major results were as follows ; Carbon monoxide (CO) was lower than indoor air standard of Korea. Carbon dioxide $(CO_2)$ appeared that 4 schools among our sample target school exceeded in normal standard. 4 schools were almost similar with normal standard. TBC appeared that 7 schools among 11 schools were higher than standard. Noise measured school's mean value passed exceeded standard. And school which passed over standard appeared to 7 schools among 11 schools. HCHO was exceeded 4 schools by standard that excess and certainly interrelation between school's establishment year and facilities of construction was detected. PM10 was exposed all schools by fitness in standard. TVOC appeared that 9 schools among 11 measurement school was exceeded health effect standard of Japan.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1986

This study was performed to investigate the sanitation of restaurants in Seoul Area. The subjects were 153 wet towels, 64 cold noodle soup and 190 barely tea. The results were as follows: In wet towels: The detected rate of standard plate counts was $86.9\%$ (133 samples) and average count was $1.8\times10^3/g$ $the detected rate of coliform was $37.9\%$ (58 samples) and average count by MPN method was $2.0\times10^3/100g$, the detected rate of fecal coliform was $15.7\%$ (24 samples) and average count by MPN method was $3.2\times10/100g$. In cold noodle soups: The detected rate of standard plate counts was $100\%$ (64 samples) and average count was $9.4\times10^5/ml$, the detected rate of coliform was $75\%$ (48 samples) and average count by MPN method was $6.0\times10^5/100ml$, the detected rate of fecal coliform was $51.6\%$ (33 samples) and average count by MPN method was $3.4\times10^3/100ml$. In barely tea: The detected rate of standard plate counts was $87.4\%$(166 samples) and average count was $5.8\times10^3/ml$the detected rate of coliform was $66.3\%$ (126 samples) and average count by MPN method was $3.9\times10^3/100ml$, the detected rate of fecal coliform was $32.6\%$ (62 samples) and average count was by MPN method was $4.7\times10/100ml$.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.4 s.54
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• pp.25-33
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• 2004

Acrylamide, difficult to analyze by GC and GC/MS due to the polarity and low volatility, was analyzed by LC/ESI/MS in the study. Acrylamide its(molecular weight 71amu) showed m/z=72 $(M+H)^+$ and high peak intensity at 22V in SIR mode. The mass spectrum ratios of acrylamide for qualitative identification had m/z=72 in precursor ion and m/z=55 in products ion, respectively. Those ratios at 30V in SIR mode ranged from 1: 1.4 to 1:1.17 despite various acrylamide concentrations. The ion intensity ratios of acrylamide $(m/z=72,\; [M+H]^+)$ to acrylamide isotopes $(m/z=73,\;[M+H]^+)$ ranged from 100 : 3.57 to 100 : 3.92. The results verified theoretical mass spectrum ratio that was 100:3.82. The linearity of standard calibration curve was y : 520.584x + 1815.26 with $r^2=0.99.$ In quality assurance and quality control, the recovery rate ranged from 81.64 percent to 90.97 percent and relative standard deviation was less than $10\%$ with 5 repeated injections at individual standard calibration solutions. The method was applied to analyze acrylamide in food at grocery stores. Snacks made of potatoes showed the highest acrylamide concentration followed by products made of French fries, wheat, and corn.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2009

The analyzed results of the heavy metal concentration of air and soil at the D iron-manufacturing company area were as follows; The concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ in the case area exceeded the air standard level in 3 seasons except summer. The $PM_{10}$ level was similar to the standard level, which was similar to the standard level, which was $50{\mu}g/m^3$. The Pb concentration of air in the case area was $0.13{\mu}g/m^3$, which was slightly higher than $0.11{\mu}g/m^3$ in the control area. The concentration of Cd and Cr were higher in the control area. The heavy metal (Pb) concentration of soil in the case area was $10.7{\mu}g/m^3$, which was higher than that of the control area. For these results, it is necessary for the D iron-manufacturing company area to consider a counter plan for dusts and are duction plan for the heavy metal (Pb).