• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2020

최근 도플러 레이더를 이용하여 생체 신호를 획득하는 연구가 개발되어 병상의 환자들에게 적용되는 기술로 사용되고 있다. 하지만 측정되는 맥박의 경우 호흡 신호가 잡음으로 발생하여 정확도가 낮아지는 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 도플러 레이더를 이용하여 생체신호를 측정할 때 맥박을 측정하기 위한 신호의 정확도를 향상시키기 위한 샘플링 시점 기반의 생체 신호 측정 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 두 개의 샘플링 시점을 기반으로 생체 신호 측정 시 발생되는 잡음을 제거하여 측정 생체 신호의 정확도를 높이는 것으로 실제 의료 장비 및 기존 생체 신호 알고리즘과 비교하였을 때, 의료 장비와 90% 이상의 유사함을 보이며, 또한 기존 알고리즘에 비해 심한 진폭의 변화가 최소화 된 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1996

Currently. exchanges of industrial workers between countries are more active than ever. and the problem of AIDS in connection with the operation of preventive educational programs has reached a point where the issue cannot be limited to native people alone any more. Based on such judgement. this research has been carried out to provide basic study materials by grasping the latent factors representing the difference between countries in the levels of right knowledge. attitude and behavior with respect to AIDS maintained by workers who have grown in different social and cultural living background. During the period from Apr. 1. 1995 to Jun. 30. questionnaires. written both in Korean and English, were distributed to Korean and Malaysian employees working at certain Korean video manufacturers. and the results of replies. given by 80 workers who were analyzed through matched sampling· method where ages and sex matched by country. were used as the research materials. The gathered materials were analyzed through the SPSS package t-test. ANOVA. factor analysis and multiple stepwise regression methods. and the following results were obtained. 1. The 2 extracted latent factors could be named 'common. social' knowledge factor and 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor respectively. 2. The percentile points of 'external. social' knowledge factor. in the case of Korean workers. howed 90.0 at average. a figure 13.75 points higher than those of Malaysian workers. 76.25. On the other hand. the percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological'knowledge factor showed 70.80 at average in the case of Korean workers. a figure 7.47 points lower than those of Malaysian workers. 78.33. Meanwhile. the difference in percentile points between the 2 latent factors was 8.54 at average. indicating that the points of 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor was lower than those of the 'external. social' knowledge factor. 3. As for Korean workers. the percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factor showed higher points in office workers than in non-office workers. and such variables exhibited in the position of workers can explain the $7\%$ of the latent factor. The percentile points of the 'in-depth. psychological' knowledge factors. in the case of Malaysian workers. showed higher points in groups who had religion than in groups who did not. and higher points in groups who obtained information from newspapers than in groups who obtained from televisions or other sources; and with these 2 variables. $26\%$ of this latent factor can be explained. The results. of analysis described so far suggest that while Korean workers possessed general level of knowledge on AIDS. they had low level of practical knowledge as far as its depth is concerned. and that they had social prejudice on patients as well as on the AIDS infection route. In addition. because the overall knowledge level of Malaysian workers. is lower than that of Korean workers. it suggests that separate programs intended for Malaysian workers are required prior to executing integrated programs.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2003

Dissolution profile comparsions can be done by virtue of the similarity factor $(f_2)$. It is a logarithmic reciprocal square root transformation of the sum of squared error of % dissolution differences between two profiles at several time points. It gives information on the degree of similarity between the two profiles: An $f_2$ value between 50 and 100 suggests the similarity/equivalence of the two dissolution curves being compared. The objective of this report was to provide a careful examination on the $f_2$ metrics in detail. It was shown that $f_2$ values exceeded 50, when relative differences in % dissolved between two products were less than 15% at all time points. The similarity factor value was also found to be greater than 50, in cases when absolute % dissolution differences were below 10% at all time points. Interestingly, the $f_2$ value was changed by the number of the time points selected for calculation. In particular, $f_2$ tended to have higher values, when the $f_2$ metrics used a large number of time points in which % dissolved reached plateau. Finally, since the similarity factor was a sample statistics, it was impossible to infer type I/II errors and sampling error. Despite certain limitations inherited in the $f_2$ metrics, it was easy and convenient to evaluate how similar the two dissolution profiles were.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제33권1_2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2006

점묘화(stippling)는 펜과 잉크를 이용한 수많은 점들로 대상을 표현하는 예술 기법이다. 기존 비사실적 렌더링(Non-Photorealistic Rendering; NPR)에서 점묘화 연구들은 단색의 점들을 사용하여 그레이 영상이나 표면의 재질 등을 표현하였다. 본 논문에서는 2차원 영상의 컬러 정보를 해석하여 다양한 컬러의 점들로 표현하는 새로운 점묘화 기법이 제안된다. 제안된 방법은 입력 영상의 HSV 모델로부터 해석된 정보를 이용하여 컬러 가중치 함수(weight function)를 정의한다. 그리고 정의된 컬러 가중치 함수를 통해 점의 적절한 개수와 크기를 자동으로 계산한다 제안된 방법은 컬러 가중치가 적용된 펜로즈(Penrose) 샘플링을 사용하여 점을 분포하기 위해 소요되는 처리시간을 크게 단축하였다. 그리고 먼셀(Munsell)의 색상모델에 기반한 컬러 지터링(jittering)으로 실제 컬러 점묘화에 가까운 표현을 구현하였다 제안된 컬러 점묘화 기법은 처리속도가 매우 빠르고 다양한 컬러 점들로 영상을 표현하므로 애니메이션, 디지털 아트, 컴퓨터 그래픽 도구 등에 다양하게 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2005

A survey was performed for 2 weeks in October 2004 in order to examine the effects and changes of far infrared and anion of office workers aged 40 and older before and after wearing the underwear. In the survey, questionnaires and photoplethysmography were used to measure the difference between the two tests conducted with one week interval. The findings could be summed up as follows: 1. There was no statistically significant difference in changes of vascular aging points and photoplethysmogram wave form before and after wearing the far infrared and anion underwear but the points showed the increasing tendency(p>0.05). 2. A statistically significant difference was confirmed since the total points of each item in the questionnaires increased after wearing the underwear(p<0.001). 3. In connection with the systemic symptoms, a significant difference was found with increased points in all items except for no. 6 after wearing the underwear(p<0.05). 4. With regard to the difference before and after wearing the underwear depending on the Kidney symptoms, there was a significant difference with increased points in all items except for item no. 1 after wearing the underwear(p<0.05). In conclusion, to put on the underwear with effect of far infrared and anion is believed to smooth metabolism and blood circulation, contributing by thus to promoting health and preventing disease. Further studies with wider sampling of subjects are requested to diversify and refine the findings from this sectional study.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 1999

To investigate the effects of negative therapy at back meridian points on blood gas components and immune functions in male college students, this study was conducted on treatment types(abdomen group and back group) at three sampling times (before, post-2 wks and post-4 wks) by using $2{\times}3$ factoral design. Blood gas $components(pH,\;PCO_2,\;PO_2,\;HCO_3^-,\;O_2SAT,\;BE)$, red blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin, white blood cell and subsets(neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil. lymphocyte, monocyte), total T cells, helper T cells, suppressor T cells, Th/Ts ratio, total B cells, serum immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE), Cytokines(Interlukin$-1{\beta}$, -2, -4, 2 receptor, -6 and ${\gamma}$-interferon), NK cells were measured. Collected with data were analyzed statistically by repealed measured ANOVA. The pattern of change between two groups for hematocrit, hemoglobin, suppressor T cells, interleukin-6, ${\gamma}-interferon$, NK cells at post-2 weeks and BE, lymphocyte, basophil at post-4 weeks was significantly different(p<0.05) And also the pattern of change over time for ${HCO_3}^-$(2 wks vs 4 wks), WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte(0 wks vs 2 wks and 2 wks vs 4 wks) was significantly different(p<0.05). In summary, these data suggest that negative therapy at back meridian points had an effect on blood gas components and immune functions in male college students because practicing negative therapy at back meridian points was not associated with changes of all blood gas components and immune factors but associated with changes of BE, hematocrit, hemoglobin, WBC. neutrophil, lymphocyte, interleukin-6. ${\gamma}-interferon$, NK cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2006

Experimental animals have been used to biological and medical purposes and the animals must be, for these purposes, healthy and clean to microbial infection. However, the animals can be easily exposed to pathogenic microorganism via several routes. Of the routes, environmental conditions are the most important factors to keep the animals healthy and clean, especially air condition. Monitoring of air-condition has been required to keep the animal healthy and clean. However, any guideline is not available for experimental conditions with pigs. Therefore, the sampling times and points were compared in different conditions to establish an optimal protocol for monitoring of air borne bacteria. Tryptic soy agar(TSA), blood agar containing 5% defibrinated sheep blood and Sabraud dextrose agar(SDA) were used as media to capture total bacteria, pathogenic bacteria and fungi, respectively. Two methods, compulsive capture using an air-sampler and capturing fall-down bacteria were used to capture the microorganisms in the air. The points and time of capturing were different at each experiment. Air borne microorganisms were captured at three and five points in the open and closed equipments, respectively. Air was collected using an air-sampler for 1 min and 5 min and the agar plates as open status were left from 30 min to 2hr. At first, we monitored an experimental laboratory which dealt with several pathogenic bacteria and then, a protocol obtained from the investigation was applied to open or close experimental conditions with pigs. Number of bacteria was high from 10:00 to 15:00, especially on 13:30-15:30 but sharply decreased after 17:00. The tendency of the number of bacteria was similar between two methods even though the absolute number was higher with air sampler. Critical difference in the number of cells was observed at 5 min with air sampler and 2 hr with fall-down capturing method. However, 1 min with air sampler and 1 hr with fall-down capturing were the best condition to identify bacterial species collected from the air. Number of bacteria were different depending on the sampling points in closed condition but not in opened condition. Based on our results, a guide-line was suggested for screening air-borne microorganism in the experimental conditions with pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.541-554
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• 2006

제 3위 소화액 채취기법은 기존 반추위 영양생리 대사 패턴 측정방법인 in vivo, in vitro 및 in situ 방법의 단점을 극복하고 정확한 반추위 생리대사 패턴의 측정을 할 수 있는 기회를 가진다. 이 제 3위 소화액 채취기법을 이용한 측정방법은 기존의 post-ruminal sampling 기법과 비교해서 다음과 같은 장점들이 존재한다. 1) 단지 반추위캐뉼라가 설치된 동물만이 필요하며, 2) 제 3위 소화액에는 비교적 적은 내인성 질소가 존재하며, 3) 제 3위 소화액은 제 4위에서 시작되는 소화효소에 의한 소화를 피할 수 있는 점 등이다. 제 3위 소화액 내 반추위 미분해 용해성 질소화합물(SNAN)의 측정은 in situ 방법의 전제조건인 반추위에서 rapidly degradable N은 무한정 분해되며 따라서 비용해성 사료 N 만이 반추위를 벗어난다는 것이 오류임을 보여준다. 제 3위 소화액 내 SNAN 중 유리아미노산 및 용해성 단백질과 비교해서 양적으로 가장 많은 peptide는 반추위 단백질대사에서 peptide에서 아미노산으로의 분해과정이 분해율 제한요인이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1999

Modified river die-away 법으로 1998년 6월 17일부터 7월 22일 까지 낙동강(A)과 금호강(B)에서 채수한 강물로 BPMC와 chlorothalonii의 생분해 시험을 한 결과는 다음곽 kx다. BPMC의 경우 A지점의 실험군에서는 배양 7일 경과후 27%의 생분해를 나타냈으며 B지점의 실험군에서는 배양 7일 경과 후 40%의 생분해를 나타냈다. 생분해 속도상수와 반감기는 A지점에서 0.0460 및 15.1일 이었고, B지점에서 0.0749 및 9.3일로 조사되었다. Cholorothalonii의 경우 A지점의 실험군과 B지점의 실험군에서 배양 24시간 경과 후 모두 100%의 빠른 생분해를 나타내었다. 생분해속도상수와 반감기는 A지점에서 0.1416 및 4.9시간이었고, B지점에서 0.1803 및 3.8시간으로 조사되었다. Chlorothalonil이 BPMC보다 생분해속도가 빨랐으며, 수질오염이 심한 지역일수록 생분해율이 높은 것은 두 지점의 수질오염 및 종속영양세균수의 차이가 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정된다. 두 가지 농약의 생분해속도와 실험수의 DO, BOD, SS, ABS, $NH_3-N$와의 상관성을 구한 결과 각각 5% 유의수준에서 PMC의 경우 BOD, SS 및 $NH_3-N$이었고 chlorothalnil의 경우 SS, BOD 및 $NH_3-N$를 독립변수로, 생분해속도를 종속변수로 회귀분석을 실시한 결과는 5% 유의수준에서 각각의 농약에 대해 유의한 회귀식을 구할 수 있었다. BPMC는 실제 환경 중에서 생분해에 의한 영향을 더 받을 것으로 생각되며 chlorothalonil은 주요한 분해경로가 생분해인 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제30권3_4호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2003

본 논문은 전형적인 슈퍼샘플링과 거의 동일한 수준의 고화질 영상을 생성하는 동시에, 요구되는 메모리 크기와 메모리 대역폭을 줄일 수 있는 간단하고 효율적인 하드웨어 지원 안티알리아싱 알고리즘과 렌더링 구조를 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 가장 최근에 색상 값 결정을 위해 사용된 프레그먼트의 일부분 또는 병합된 결과를 저장하는 RUF (Recently Used Fragment) 버퍼와 RUF 버퍼의 정보를 이용하여 효과적으로 색상 값을 결정하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 데이타 구조상 샘플링 포인트 수가 늘어날수록 슈퍼샘플링에 비해 메모리 절약 효과가 크다. 또한 본 논문의 실험결과 8산개(sparse) 샘플링 포인트를 가지는 경우, 슈퍼샘플링에 비해 제안된 안티알리아싱 기법은 약 1.3%의 색상 차이를 가지나, 렌더링 과정에서 요구되는 메모리 크기가 약 31%로 감소하였으며, 실험에 사용된 3차원 모델에 대해 평균 11%의 메모리 대역폭 감소를 보인다.