• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.243-249
• /
• 2010

We examined sensory characteristics to obtain the optimal conditions for doenjang preparation, using response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate addition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) powder to, and the salinity of, doenjang. We aimed to develop a new variety of doenjang linking traditional Korean doenjang preparation with the physiological functionalities of sage. Color values were 1.20-2.70, flavor values 1.60-3.20, taste values 1.40-3.50, texture scores 1.60-3.50, and overall preference values 1.60-3.05, with the differences depending on experimental variations in preparation. Analysis of a reaction surface formed by a quadratic regression equation found that the R-squared values for overall preference, texture, taste, flavor,and color were 0.11-0.41, thus relatively low and insignificant, being less than 5%. In sensory tests, the color value was 2.91 when the salinity was 21.50%, and sage powder was added to a concentration of 3.10% (all w/w). The flavor score was 3.21 when the salinity was 22.52% and sage powder concentration was 3.68%. The taste value was 2.87 when the salinity was 8.62% and sage powder concentration was 4.46%. The texture score was 2.88 when the salinity was 8.00% and sage powder concentration was 6.06%. The overall preference score was 2.74 when the salinity was 20.40% and sage powder concentration was 2.66%. Although this preparation method is new to Koreans, doenjang with added sage was associated with higher sensory scores than traditional doenjang, confirming the possibility of development of a novel functional doenjang.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2010

Korean traditional herbs, especially Anemarrhena asphodeloides (A. asphodeloides), Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza), and Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) have been known to have the immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, direct cellular mechanism underlying the mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reaction has poorly been understood. In the present study, the effects of the methanol extracts of A. asphodeloides (MEAA), S. miltiorrhiza (MESM), and T. chebula (METC) on anaphylactic reaction were investigated. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments, the influences of MEAA, MESM, and METC on the compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis-like reaction and mast cell activation, and IgEmediated PCA were examined. Results are below; 1) MEAA, MESM, and METC significantly inhibited systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, and IgE-mediated PCA. 2) the compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, histamine release of rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) were significantly inhibited by the pretreatment with MEAA, MESM, and METC, and 3) the compound 48/80-induced calcium influx in RPMC was significantly inhibited by the pretreatment with MEAA, MESM, and METC. These results suggest that MEAA, MESM, and METC may be an activity to inhibit the compound 48/80-induced or anti-DNP IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions by blocking histamine release and calcium uptake into RPMC. MEAA, MESM, and METC potentially may serve as an effective therapeutic tool for allergic diseases.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.21 no.7
• /
• pp.1004-1008
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of uniconazole (Sumiseven), an existing expensive growth retardant, and diniconazole (Binnari), used as a cheap germicide, on the growth and flowering of Vinca major and Salvia splendis for the possibility of substitution for expensive growth retardants. The growths of V. major and S. splendis were retarded by Binnari treatment. The effect of Binnari 100 mg/l treatment was higher than that of Sumiseven 5 mg/l treatment in both plants. The length of leaves was remarkably retarded by Binnari treatment, however, the width of leaves was only slightly retarded, giving the leaf a round shape. The number of days to flowering was increased by Binnari treatment in both in V. major and S. splendis. The number of days to flowering in V. major showed no significant difference compared to the control except by treatemtn with Binnari 400 mg/l. The number of florets of S. splendis increased with treatment with Binnari 100 and 200 mg/l.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.8
• /
• pp.1310-1322
• /
• 2020

Objective: The current study was conducted to evaluate the quality and profile of fatty acid in the breast and thigh, and the performance of broilers fed diets containing seed or oil of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) as a replacement for soybean, in the rearing period from 29 to 42 days of age. Methods: On the 29th day of age, 120 broilers were distributed in four treatments evaluated in five replicates of six birds. The grain or oil of soybean was respectively replaced on a weight-to-weight basis in the formulation by the seed or oil of chia, constituting the experimental diets. The roasted whole soybean and chia seed were included in the feed at 16.4%, whereas the soybean and chia oils were included at 2.5%. Results: The dietary chia oil increased the lipid peroxidation in the thigh meat, and the dietary chia seed increased the cooking loss of the thigh. However, for the other physicochemical parameters evaluated and for the proximate composition of the breast and thigh, in general, the inclusion of chia seed or oil in the diet provided similar or better results than those observed when the diets contained soybean oil or roasted whole soybean. With regard to the fatty acid profile and associated parameters, dietary chia increased the concentrations of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids and reduced the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices of the broiler meat. However, the dietary chia seed worsened the feed conversion ratio. Conclusion: Diet containing 2.5% chia oil supplied to broilers during the period from 29 to 42 days of age improves the feed conversion ratio, increases the deposition of the ω-3 fatty acids in the breast and thigh, in addition to reducing the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, thereby resulting in meat with higher nutritional quality.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 2010

In this study, we investigated effects of Monegy (mixture of Sophorae Radix, Panax ginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza BUNGE) on epilate-induced hair-loss in dorsal region of C57/BL6 mice and external structure of human hair. For morphological and histological analysis in scalp of epilate-induced hair-loss animal model, we utilized several microscopic techniques, such as confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and LAS 4000. Confocal analysis showed the distribution of FITC-conjugated Monegy and penetration depth compared with normal and control group. Furthermore, when Monegy was topically administrated onto a C57BL6 mouse, it penetrated very well. The fluorescence intensity was increased upto 205 and 113 folds compared to normal and control group, respectively. Also, area of fluorescence was increased to upto 255 to 127 folds compared to normal and control group. Broad scale area of fluorescence in dermis region was observed in the Monegy-treated mice. Furthermore, Monegy induced upto 75% hair repair against depilation. It might be promoted via the induction of growth factors in hair follicle.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.624-629
• /
• 1998

This studies were carried out to investigate antimicrobial activity of 35 kinds of medicinal herbs against lactic acid bacteria isolated from home-made Kimchi. The most isolated lactic acid bacteria were inhibited by ethanol extract of various medicinal herbs such as Schizandra chinensis (SC), Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GU), Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE) and Sophrora flavescens AITON (SF). But Cnidium monnier, Pinus densiflora, Paeonia suffruticosa, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum and Rhus chinensis inhibited the growth of only a few isolated lactic acid bacteria. The pH of Kimchi containing 1% of medicinal herbs extracts such as SM, GU, LE and SF was higher than that of control during fermentation for 25 days at $10^{\circ}C$, respectively. Titratable acidity and viable cells of total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria of the Kimchi were lower than that of control during fermentation. The sensory quality (taste, flavor and overall acceptability) of SM, GU, and LE added Kimchi was similar to that of control at 10th day of fermentation. But Sophrora flavescens AITON added Kimchi decreased significantly its sensory quality compared with control(P<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.259-264
• /
• 1995

In the present work, 70 extracts from 23 plants have been determined to induce cytotoxic and antiviral activities of macrophages using both MTT assay and neutral red dye uptake assay. We show that 13 extracts have induced cytotoxic activities and 5 extracts induced antiviral activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Among 13 extracts, macrophages treated with extracts from Salvia plebeia have demonstrated significant cytotoxicity but not antiviral activity. The present findings indicate that extracts from plants can stimulate macrophages to become resistant to virus and to kill tumor cells.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2013

단삼(丹蔘) (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)은 꿀풀과 배암차즈기속에 속하며 중국(中國)이 원산지(原産地)인 여러해살이풀로, 동의보감(東醫寶鑑)에는 "성질(性質)은 약간 차고 맛이 쓰며 독(毒)이 없다. 다리가 약하면서 저리고 아픈것과 팔다리를 쓰지 못하는 것을 치료한다. 또는 고름을 빨아내고 아픈 것을 멎게 하며 살찌게 하고 오래된 어혈(瘀血)을 헤치며${\ldots}$" 등으로 기술되어 있으며 이전부터 부인과(婦人科)에 많이 응용하는 약재 중 하나로 그 효능이 어혈(瘀血)을 없애는데 있기 때문이다. 임상(臨床)에서는 부인과(婦人科) 질환(疾患)뿐만 아니라 심혈관(心血管) 질환(疾患)에도 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 효능의 객관적 근거를 마련하고 약재의 작용 기전 중 일부를 확인하기 위해 고지혈증이 유발된 생쥐에 단삼(丹蔘) 추출물을 투여하여 혈중 콜레스테롤 및 트리글리세라이드 수치를 낮추는 작용을 확인했으며 동시에 간조직 내 지방의 축적도 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 변화가 간조직 내 유전자의 변화와 어떠한 관련이 있는지 확인하기 위해 RNA를 분리하여 Microarray 분석을 수행한 결과 고지혈증으로 인해 변화된 유전자들이 단삼(丹蔘) 추출물의 투여로 인해 정상에 가까운 정도로 조절됨을 확인하였으며 향후 본 연구를 통해 확인된 핵심 유전자를 고지혈증 치료의 지표 등으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.286-291
• /
• 1986

Forty herbal drugs which are described to have potential antitumor activity were solvent-fractionated with petroleum ether, ether and ethyl acetate in sequence. The cytotoxic activity was mostly shown in the ether fraction(40.54%) and petroleum ether fraction (35.15%), but scarcely in the water phase (10.8%), meaning that most of the active components had less polar property. Twenty-seven percent of the drugs tested were active, which is higher value than 10.4% of the random sampled drugs The drugs possessing the $ED_{50}$ values less than $10{mu}g/ml$ were the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Curcuma domestica, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membraneceus and Scutellaria indica, the leaves of Panax ginseng, S. indica and Liriodendron tulipifera, the barks of Picrasma ailanthoides and Rhus vernifera, the herbs of Agrimonia pilosa and Siegesbeckia pubescens the seeds of Tricosanthes kirilowii, P. ailanthoides, and the stem of P. ginseng.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.448-456
• /
• 2010

Objective : To summarize and make a reference number of antihyperlipidemic herbal plants worldwide. Method : We surveyed all papers of antihyperlipidemic studies using herbal plants in Pubmed database as "hyperlipidemia AND herb", "hyperlipidemia AND herbal", etc. of Default Tag "Title". The number of papers, the formation of experiments, frequency of herbal plants studies, and main studies were analyzed. Result : Total 178 studies were finally selected. The number of papers were rapidly was increased since 1998. RCT studies were most papers(39.9%). Most studies were about plant sterol or plant stanol studies(78%). 10 papers studied about Herbal plants. Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Alisma orientale(Sam.) Juz. and so forth were relatively studied much. Conclusion : This study produced an overview of worldwide antihyperlipidemic plants. This result may provide a valuable information for development of Korean herbal medicine against hyperlipidemia in the future.