• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2022

1. 본 연구에서는 우리밀 품종인 금강밀과 염 저항성을 가지는 돌연변이 라인 2020-s1340을 재료로 200 mM 염 스트레스 처리에 따른 전사체 발현을 확인하였다. QuantSeq을 통해 23,634,438개의 reads가 생산되었고 7,331,269개의 reads가 mapping됐다. 2. 염 스트레스 상황에서 총 282개의 DEG가 확인이 되었고 이러한 DEGs는 UDP-glucosyltransferase, receptor kinase-like protein, Lectin receptor-like kinases, cytochrome P450등의 단백질들을 코딩하는 유전자들이다. 이러한 DEGs는 염 저항성과 관련된 후보 유전자들이 될 수 있다. 염 저항성과 관련하여 역할이 밝혀지지 않은 유전자들은 추후 연구를 통해 확인이 필요하다. 3. GO연구에서는 DEGs를 세가지 범주로 분류하였으며 대부분 식물체 내 세포 기초 경로와 관련된 GO term들이 주로 되었으며 각각 범주에 있어서 biological process, molecular process에서는 single-organism process (GO: 0044699), single-organism metabolic process (GO:0044710), oxidation-reduction process (GO:0055114), copper ion transport (GO:0006825), copper ion transmembrane transport (GO:0035434), alternative oxidase activity (GO:0009916) GO term들이 유의성이 높게 나타났다. 4. 이러한 QuantSeq의 분석결과는 밀에 관한 염에 의해 발현되는 전사 발현에 대한 이해를 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한 염 스트레스 반응의 복잡한 분자 메커니즘에 대한 좋은 통찰력을 제공하고 염분 스트레스에 대한 작물 내성의 유전적 개선을 위한 실질적인 토대를 마련할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1093-1099
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• 2010

초고온원자로(VHTR) 설계에 있어 중간열수송루프(IHTL) 및 중간열교환기(IHX) 설계는 고온의 운전조건($950^{\circ}C$ 이상)으로 인하여 공학적으로 어려운 과제 중 하나로 알려져있다. 본 연구에서는 LiF, NaF 및 KF(46.5:11.5:42.0 mole %)의 공융혼합물인 Flinak molten salt 를 IHTL 의 열수송매체로 고려하였다. Flinak molten salt 의 세관에서의 열수력 특성을 평가하기 위하여 직경이 1.4 mm 인 원형관을 이용하여 고온의 가스와 Flinak 을 열교환할 수 있는 이중관식 열교환기를 구성하여 실험하였다. 실험 결과 층류유동에서 측정된 Flinak 의 마찰계수는 이론식인 64/Re 에 근접하였고 Nusselt 수는 일반적으로 3.66 에서 4.36 범위에 들었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제69권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2024

High soil salinity is the most severe threat to global rice production as it causes a significant decline in rice yield. Here, we investigated the effects of various plant extracts on rice plant stress associated with high salinity. Additionally, we examined various physiological and biochemical parameters such as growth, photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll content, and lipid peroxidation - in rice plants after treatment with selected plant extracts under salt stress conditions. Of the 11 extracts tested, four - soybean leaf, soybean stem, moringa (Moringa oleifera), and Undaria pinnatifida extracts - were found to effectively reduce salt stress. A reduction of only 3-23% in shoot fresh weight was observed in rice plants under salt stress that were treated with these extracts, compared to the 43% reduction observed in plants that were exposed to stress but not given plant extract treatments (control plants). The effectiveness varied with the concentration of the plant extracts. Water content was higher in rice plants treated with the extracts than in the control plants after 6 d of salt stress, but not after 4 d of salt stress. Although photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), electron transport rate (ETR), and the content of pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid) varied based on the types and levels of stress and the extracts that the rice plants were treated with, generally, photosynthetic efficiency and pigment content were higher in the treated rice compared to control plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA), increased as the duration of stress increased. ROS and MDA levels were lower in the treated rice than in the control plants. Proline and soluble sugar accumulation also increased with the duration of the stress period. However, proline and soluble sugar accumulation were lower in the treated rice than in the control plants. Generally, the values of all the parameters investigated in this study were similar, regardless of the plant extract used to treat the rice plants. Thus, the extracts found to be effective can be used to alleviate the adverse effects of stress on rice crops associated with high-salinity soils.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.676-681
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• 2008

The $\pi$-complex membranes of poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) (SEBS) of two silver salts of $AgBF_4$ and $AgCF_3SO_3$ were prepared and tested for the separation of the propylene/propane mixtures. The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of these complexes showed that the silver salts were dissolved in SEBS up to a silver mole fraction of 0.14, due to $\pi$-complexation between the aromatic C=C bonds of styrene blocks and silver ions. Above this solubility limit, ion pairs and high-order ionic aggregates began to form, so that silver salts were distributed unselectively in both the EB and PS blocks. The domain size of the PS blocks was enlarged up to this critical concentration with increasing silver concentration without structural transitions, as confirmed by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). These structural properties of the SEBS/silver salt complexes may explain the lower separation properties for propylene/propane mixtures compared to poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene)(SBS)/silver salt complex membranes.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2003년도 The 4th Korea-Italy Workshop
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• pp.29-32
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• 2003

Polymer electrolyte membranes are developed for the applications to facilitated transport membranes, fuel cells and solar cells. The polymer electrolyte membranes containing silver salt show the remarkably high separation performance for olefin/paraffin mixture in the solid state; the propylene permeance is 45 GPU and the ideal selectivity of propylene/propane is 15,000. For fuel cell membranes, the effects of the presence and size of the proton transport channels on the proton conductivity and methanol permeability were investigated. The cell performance for dye-sensitized solar cells employing polymer electrolytes are measured under light illumination. The overall energy conversion efficiency reaches 5.44 % at 10 ㎽/$\textrm{cm}^2$, to our knowledge the highest value ever reported in the polymer electrolytes.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.363-366
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• 2010

Identification of compounds that function as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates or inhibitors can facilitate the selection and optimization of new drug candidates. The purpose of this study is to optimize the experimental conditions for in vitro P-gp assay using LLC-GA5 cells, which is a well-known transformant cell line derived by transfecting LLC-PK1 with human MDR1. The amount of rhodamine123 transported by the LLC-GA5 and LLC-PK1 cells was evaluated under the following experimental conditions: 3 different types of transport media, colchicine pretreatment or nontreatment of the cells in the culture media, and with and without poly-L-lysine coating of the culture plates. The assay sensitivity was found to considerably differ depending on the diluents used in the transport media. P-gp-mediated transport in LLC-GA5 cells was most clearly characterized in the Hanks' balanced salt solution based transport media. The sensitivity of P-gp-mediated transport was not changed by colchicine pretreatment or poly-L-lysine coating of the culture plates.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제11권1_2호
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• pp.215-241
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• 2003

In this paper, solute transport in heterogeneous aquifers using a modified Fokker-Planck equation (MFPE) is investigated. This newly developed mathematical model is characterised with a time-, scale-dependent dispersivity. A two-dimensional finite volume quadrilateral mesh method (FVQMM) based on a quadrilateral background interpolation mesh is developed for analysing the model. The FVQMM transforms the coupled non-linear partial differential equations into a system of differential equations, which is solved using backward differentiation formulae of order one through five in order to advance the solution in time. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the model verification and utility. Henry's classic benchmark problem is used to show that the MFPE captures significant features of transport phenomena in heterogeneous porous media including enhanced transport of salt in the upper layer due to its parameters that represent the dependence of transport processes on scale and time. The time and scale effects are investigated. Numerical results are compared with published results on the some problems.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2004

한국원자력 연구소에서 추진하고 있는 사용후핵연료 관리 이용 기술개발의 경제성과 환경친화성을 증진시키기 위해서 리튬회수 기술을 개발하고 관련 검증실험을 수행하였다. 본 기술은 1) 환원전극과 결합된 비전도성 다공성 마그네시아 용기를 이용한 용융염상에서의 산화리튬 전해, 2) 마그네시아 용기를 용융염 액위 이상으로 상승시켜, 용기 내에 회수된 리튬의 용융염으로부터의 분리, 3) 회수된 리튬의 진공 사이펀을 사용한 별도 저장조로의 이송이라는 3단계의 결합으로 특징지어 진다. 개발된 기술에 의하여 염화리튬-산화리튬 용융염으로부터 95% 이상의 수율로 리튬을 반연속적으로 회수할 수 있었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2016

Many studies have been conducted to understand plant stress responses to salinity because irrigation-dependent salt accumulation compromises crop productivity and also to understand the mechanism through which some plants thrive under saline conditions. As mechanistic understanding has increased during the last decades, discovery-oriented approaches have begun to identify genetic determinants of salt tolerance. In addition to osmolytes, osmoprotectants, radical detoxification, ion transport systems, and changes in hormone levels and hormone-guided communications, the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway has emerged to be a major defense mechanism. However, the mechanism by which the components of the SOS pathway are integrated to ultimately orchestrate plant-wide tolerance to salinity stress remains unclear. A higher-level control mechanism has recently emerged as a result of recognizing the involvement of GIGANTEA (GI), a protein involved in maintaining the plant circadian clock and control switch in flowering. The loss of GI function confers high tolerance to salt stress via its interaction with the components of the SOS pathway. The mechanism underlying this observation indicates the association between GI and the SOS pathway and thus, given the key influence of the circadian clock and the pathway on photoperiodic flowering, the association between GI and SOS can regulate growth and stress tolerance. In this review, we will analyze the components of the SOS pathways, with emphasis on the integration of components recognized as hallmarks of a halophytic lifestyle.

• 청정기술
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 Ag가 포함된 sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)를 촉진 수송 분리막으로 사용하여 에틸렌/에탄 그리고 프로필렌/프로판의 분리연구를 수행하였다. SPEEK는 PEEK를 황산과 반응시켜 제조할 수 있는데, 제조 방법에 따라 다양한 설폰화도 (DS)을 나타내었고 약 70시간 반응시켰을 때 0.95의 DS값을 보여주었다. SPEEK의 농도를 변화시켜 제조된 막은 각각 다른 두께로 코팅됨을 SEM으로 확인하였다. SPEEK막에 Ag 염 수용액을 반응시켜 제조한 SPEEK-Ag 막을 이용하여 에틸렌/에탄 그리고 프로필렌/프로판의 분리 실험을 실시한 결과 에틸렌과 프로필렌은 SPEEK 코팅 두께에 따라 $200{\sim}500$의 선택도를 보여 주었고, 투과도는 $5{\sim}50$ GPU값을 보여 주었다. 또한 SPEEK-Ag 촉진 수송막은 막을 제조할 때 사용한 은염의 종류에 따라서도 각기 다른 분리 효율을 나타내었다.