• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2022

수분은 신체의 60% 이상을 차지하는 주요 구성 물질로 하루에 섭취해야 할 일정한 수분량을 설정하여 모든 연령층에 권장하고 있다. 수분은 호르몬 분비에도 관여하며 체내에 수분이 부족하면 주요 장기가 제 기능을 못 하며 스트레스 호르몬을 분비한다. 즉 충분한 수분 섭취는 탈수 증상을 완화해 스트레스, 우울, 불안감을 완화하는 데 도움이 된다. 그래서 본 연구는 대학생의 수분 섭취가 타액 코르티솔 호르몬 변화에 미치는 영향에 대해 파악하고자 대학생 32명을 대상으로 4주 동안 진행하였다. 취업과 진로 결정을 해야 하는 대학생 32명 중 평균 스트레스 호르몬의 수치는 성인 정상치에 속하며 심한 스트레스를 받는 학생은 없지만, 일부 학생들은 어느 정도 스트레스를 받는 것으로 나타났다. 실험 결과, 사후 타액 코르티솔 호르몬 농도가 사전 타액 코르티솔 호르몬 농도보다 낮아 4주간 충분한 수분 섭취를 통해 스트레스 완화된 것으로 추정한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2017

본 연구는 대상자들(35명)이 제주곶자왈 산림을 방문하기 전과 후의 타액cortisol 함량의 변화를 조사하는 것이 목적이었다. 방문 전후에 타액을 채취하여 항혈청면역법으로 분석을 하였다. 연구기간은 2017년 5월 1일부터 6월 30일 4 주간에 실시하였다. 대조군의 사전과 사후의 측정 cortisol 평균치는 유의성이 없었다. 실험군의 평균치는 사전보다 사후에는 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 유의하지는 않았다. Cortisol 함량의 차이는 대조군과 실험군은 사전에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 사후에는 대조군보다 실험군이 낮게 나타나서 유의한 차이를 보였다. Cortisol 평균값은 남자의 경우에 대조군보다 실험군이 낮았다. 여자의 경우에 대조군보다 실험군이 낮아서 남자가 여자보다 2배 이상 큰 변화를 보이었다. 사후의 측정치는 대조군보다 실험군의 cortisol함량이 낮게 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였다. 사후의 성별 및 대조군과 실험군 별 분석에서는 성별, 집단, 성별과 집단의 결합효과 간에 유의하게 나타났다. 즉 성별과 집단에 따른 cortisol 수치의 차이가 있음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 삼림욕의 효과를 나타내는 기본 자료를 제공하고 있다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.385-393
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of forest activities on the cortisol concentrations in the body and emotional vocabulary of kindergarteners. The participants were 36 kindergarten children aged 4-5, 17 in the control group and 19 in the experimental group. Forest activities consisted of six steps according to the level of kindergarteners, and the program was carried out at G City Environment Training Institute. Before and after the experiment, the children's emotional vocabulary was self-reported and salivary cortisol was analyzed to evaluate changes in the body's stress hormones. As a result, in the control group, positive words increased significantly from 0.14 to 1.53 (p=.003), but the decrease in negative words was not significant (p=.059). In the experimental group, positive words increased significantly from 0.47 to 2.84 after forest activities (p=.000). Negative words decreased significantly from 1.94 to 0.00 after forest activities (p=.000). In the analysis of salivary cortisol, the change in salivary cortisol concentrations was not significant (p=.667) in the control group, merely decreasing from 0.179 ㎍/dl to 0.161 ㎍/dl. However, the experimental group showed a significant decrease from 0.202 ㎍/dl to 0.161 ㎍/dl after forest activities (p=.049). These results suggest that forest play activities may be helpful in encouraging young children's emotional development by increasing positive vocabulary and decreasing negative vocabulary and reducing stress in kindergarteners.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2014

Objective : This study was to examine the effects of Doin-Angyo program, evidenced by East Asian Medicine literatures, on stress among smoking adolescents. Method : This study was a prospective community trial using a one-group, pretest-posttest design. As an intervention, Doin-Angyo program was implemented for 10 minutes per session, 3 days a week, for 6 weeks to smoking students who attend a Girl's high school. Psychological stress was measured by self-report questionnaire and physiological stress was measured by salivary cortisol. The final sample for the questionnaire included 18 participants. In addition, pre- and post-salivary cortisol levels of 24 adolescents participating in the last session were compared in order to identify the acute effects of Doin-Angyo program in reducing stress. Results : There were no significant differences in overall stress-test results from the comparisons before and after the intervention. However, we found a significant going-down of the stress level(p = .032) in the question, "About School-work" among six sub-category questions. From the salivary cortisol tests in the last session, we found, in comparison with the standard salivary cortisol density level, $0.3{\mu}g/dL$, the density level tended to go down(p = .062) when higher than the standard, and it went up(p = .001) when lower than the standard, after 10 minute session. Conclusion : The results of this pilot study supported the partial effect of Doin-Angyo program in reducing the stress levels. The study protocol and results can be used to elaborate the community trials design aiming to prove the effect of Korean Medicine based health promotion modalities.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 생물분류탐구과정에서 나타나는 부정감성을 호르몬 변화로 예측할 수 있는 부정감성 예측모델을 개발하는 것이다. 이를 위해 통합적인 과학 탐구가 가능하도록 깃털 분류 탐구 활동을 개발하였다. 연구대상은 호르몬 변화 측정에 문제가 없는 서울, 안산, 청주 소재 중학교 2학년 47명(남 18, 여 29)으로 하였다. 피험자들은 개인별로 깃털 분류 탐구 활동을 수행하였다. 깃털 분류 탐구 활동 전과 후에 형용사 이모티콘 척도법을 이용하여 부정감성 검사를 하였고, 타액 시료를 채취하여 코르티솔 호르몬 변화를 분석하였다. 연구결과 부정감성 변화량과 타액 코르티솔 변화량 사이에서 유의미한 정적 상관관계(R=0.39, P<0.001)가 나타났으며, 회귀분석을 이용하여 생물분류탐구에서 나타나는 타액 코르티솔 변화량을 이용한 부정감성 예측모델을 개발하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.714-723
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to compare nutrient intakes, serum hormones (leptin, adiponectin, insulin), salivary cortisol and ${\alpha}$-amylase of middle-aged women by the percentage of body fat (% fat). Subjects were assigned to 3 groups by body fat (%) group I (27.5%), group II (32.5%), group III (37.7%). WHR of group II (0.97) was significantly higher than of group I, III (0.95) (p < 0.05). Nutrient intakes were not different among 3 groups. Serum leptin levels of group III ($16.53{\mu}g/ml$) were higher than in group I ($10.07{\mu}g/ml$), group II ($12.24{\mu}g/ml$) (p < 0.05). Salivary cortisol levels of group II ($0.39{\mu}g/dl$) were higher than in group I ($0.17{\mu}g/dl$) and group III ($0.15{\mu}g/dl$) (p < 0.05). Adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with TAS (r = -0.29) and positively correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.27). Insulin levels were negatively correlated with total cholesterol (r = -0.33), Zn intake (r = -0.31) and positively correlated with WHR (r = 0.31). The overall anthropometric indices showed positive relations with leptin levels. Salivary cortisol levels were positively corelated with WHR (r = 0.28), total cholesterol (r = 0.31), MDA (r = 0.29) and intakes of SFA (r = 0.35) and MUFA (r = 0.3). Salivary amylase levels were positively correlated with overall nutrient intakes (energy, CHO, fat, cholesterol. Fe, SFA, MUFA, Zn, Na, vitamin $B_2$, r = 0.24-0.5) and was negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.34). These results suggested that 1) WHR would be a helpful index in the assessment of metabolic risk diseases. 2) Understanding of individual stress exposure should be considered in developing strategies for prevention and treatment of obesity.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2012

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Mindfulness Meditation program on perceived stress, ways of coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This was a quasiexperimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. Participants in this study were 50 patients who had completed breast cancer treatment (experimental group, 25, control group, 25). The experimental group received the Mindfulness Meditation program for 3 hours/session/ week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using $X^2$-test and t-test for subject homogeneity verification, and ANCOVA to examine the hypotheses. Results: The experimental group had significantly lower scores for perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found between two groups for the scores on problem focused stress coping. Conclusion: According to the results, the Mindfulness Meditation program was useful for decreasing perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response. Therefore, this program is an effective nursing intervention to decrease stress in patients with breast cancer.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.80-94
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the massage program stimulating the acupuncture points and meridians on the improvement of sleep quality. Methods: 16 subjects suffering from sleep disorders were recruited and the massage program was conducted 3 times a week for a month. VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and KPSQI (Korean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were collected through questionnaires, and salivary cortisol concentration test and HRV (Heart Rate Variability) were also used to evaluate the effect. The collected data were analyzed by independent statisticians. Results: VAS and KPSQI values decreased significantly after 4 weeks of massage chair application. There was no significant difference in salivary cortisol concentration and HRV test results. In the group with normal HRV test results and salivary cortisol concentration, the change of VAS and KPSQI values was not significant, while the group with abnormal range showed a statistically significant decrease. Conclusions: The massage chair program stimulating meridians according to Korean medicine theory was effective in improving sleep quality. Massage of acupoints and meridians through a massage chair is expected to be useful as an adjunctive therapy in addition to standard Korean medicine therapy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.734-741
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• 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between plasma and salivary cortisol concentrations in beef cattle that were subjected to handling prior to sampling. Methods: Twenty-one Nguni cows of three age categories; 5 to 7 yr (n = 7), 8 to 10 yr (n = 6), and 11 to 13 yr (n = 8) were handled for five consecutive weeks. In the pen, a human avoidance test was performed and cattle responses to restraint in the chute and crush were observed. In addition, rectal temperature readings were taken and, faecal samples were collected and analysed for glucocorticoid metabolites. Through the handling and restraint process, excretory and vocalisation behaviour, as a sign of stress were observed and recorded. Thereafter, six cows were randomly selected and subjected to an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge. Blood and saliva samples were extracted to determine cortisol concentrations. Results: Repeated handling affected (p<0.05) faecal glucocorticoid metabolites, rectal temperatures, avoidance distance, crush scores as well as urination and defaecation behaviour. Acclimation to handling was variable based on each respective parameter. Saliva cortisol concentrations increased and decreased significantly (p<0.001). A peak value of $136.78{\pm}15.869nmol/L$ was observed 30min after administration of ACTH, from a baseline value of $8.75{\pm}15.869nmol/L$. Plasma cortisol concentrations did not differ (p>0.05) across the time of sampling. A low and insignificant correlation (r = 0.0131, p>0.05) between plasma and saliva cortisol was therefore observed. Conclusion: We conclude that if beef cows are subjected to handling prior to sampling, a weak relationship exists between plasma and salivary cortisol levels.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2014

Purpose: The use of salivary biomarkers for stress research is increasing based on the convenience of collection, affordability and scientific merit. This short review provides an overview of the state of the science of salivary biomarkers utilized in research related to stress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted. Results: The trend of utilizing salivary biomarkers in stress research was reviewed, specifically, focusing on the use of endocrine and inflammatory biomarkers incorporated in previous stress research. Then, a review of sampling procedures for salivary biomarkers and the analytic methods is provided. Finally, a discussion on the strengths and areas for improvement in the use of salivary biomarkers in stress research is included. Conclusion: Salivary biomarkers as an alternative to blood biomarkers are increasingly being recognized as a legitimate source for analyzing the stress response in humans.