• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.193-207
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze middle-aged salaried workers' retirement plans and the factors that affect the plans. The main point of this study was to compare male workers with female workers on their economic preparation and health care plans. The major findings were as follows; First, middle-aged salaried workers perceived their level of economic retirement plan to be relatively low. Second, the factors the affected the level of economic preparation for post-retirement were their current subjective economic level, age, household assets and debts, economic and health problems expected in their future elderly life, and savings and assets reserved for their elderly life. Third, the factors that affected whether to put aside savings for elderly life or not were age, current subjective economic level, capital assets, and savings and assets reserved for their elderly life. Fourth, the level of preparation for post-retirement health care depended on health problems expected in their elderly life, current subjective economic level, locus of control, job, and expected retirement age. Overall, the factors that affect male salaried workers' economic and health care plans were different from those of female salaried workers. From the findings, it can be concluded that the middle-aged salaried workers' level of economic retirement plans was different from that of their health care plans. Also, male salaried workers' level of retirement plan were different from that of female workers.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.135-156
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 자영업 부문의 소득분포 및 소득결정요인을 임금근로와 비교 분석하였다. 자영업 부문은 임금근로보다 소득편차가 크고, 부문내 이질성이 큰 집단이라는 점에서, OLS 추정과 더불어 분위회귀분석(quantile regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 주요 분석 결과를 보면, 첫째, 자영업주의 소득이 임금근로자보다 높으며, 소득분위가 높아질수록 자영업주와 임금근로자간의 소득격차가 확대된다. 둘째, 교육의 한계효과는 자영업주와 임금근로자 공히 소득분위가 높아질수록 증가하고 있어, 소득분위가 높은 집단일수록 교육에 대한 보상(가격)이 높다는 것을 알 수 있다. 단, 여성 자영업주의 경우는 예외로서, 소득분위가 높을수록 교육의 한계효과가 감소한다. 즉 소득분위가 높은 집단에 속하는 임금근로자와 남성 자영업주는 소득분위가 낮은 집단에 비해 노동시장에서 교육에 대한 보상이 더 큰 반면, 여성 자영업주는 소득분위가 높은 집단에서 교육에 대한 보상이 오히려 작다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.237-254
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aims to classify the latent profiles in the exposure to hazard factors of salaried employees and test the determinants. Methods: Latent profile analysis(LPA) was conducted using data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS). 30,050 of salaried employees were the subjects of this study. After classifying the employees, multinomial logistic regression was used to test the determinants. Results: Salaried employees were classified with three latent profiles based on the exposure to the hazard factors. Employees included in class 1(32.8%) tend to experience low level of physical hazard factors, moderate level of psychological hazard factors, and high level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 2(61.8%) tend to be exposed to the moderate to high level of physical hazard factors, moderate to low level of psychological hazard factors, and low level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 3(5.4%) tend to experience high level of psychological and physical hazard factors, and moderate level of office work hazard factors. After classification, the demographic, health-, and employment-related variables were tested. Conclusions: This study clarified the features of each class, and proved that employees in class 3 are quite hazardous in that they are exposed to physical and psychological hazard factors much more frequently than other employees. Thus, this study can be used in predicting the high-risk employees and taking preemptive measures for preventing industrial accidents.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of information regarding health and safety risks on the subjective health status of workers using data from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. Methods: Among the survey respondents, 30,094 people classified as salaried workers, of which 8,513 (28.3%) used protective equipment. Results: Although the majority of workers using protective equipment reported being well-informed about safety and health risks, 15% of them were still insufficiently informed. Multivariate analyses have shown that the subjective health status of workers using protective equipment was significantly better if they received sufficient information. When the workers using protective equipment were classified by the kinds of hazards they were exposed to, the satisfaction of information was also significantly beneficial for the subjective health status of all groups. However, in workers who did not use protective equipment, information satisfaction did not appear to be a significant factor. Conclusion: These results suggest that when providing information on safety and health risks, it is necessary to focus on workers using protective equipment, for whom the effects of the policy are clearly expected.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2019

본 연구는 중고령임금근로자의 직무만족과 임금수준사이의 관계를 종단자료와 종단분석방법을 통하여 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 한국고용정보원의 고령화패널 중 2006년부터 2016년까지 6차에 걸쳐 패널자료를 사용하였고, 잠재성장모형을 사용하였다. 또한 성별과 연령을 조절변수로 사용하였다. 연구결과, 임금수준은 직무만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 직무만족도 임금수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있어, 임금수준과 직무만족의 상호 영향관계가 확인되었다. 성별과 연령의 영향은 유의미하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 중고령임금근로자에 대한 직무만족과 임금수준 간 상호영향관계를 규명하였고, 연구의 한계와 추후연구에 대해 제언하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dietary attitude and health on the stress status of office - workers in Seoul. This research was conducted on 389 office workers (224 males and 165 female). In relation to stress, it was found that the degree of stress as an office workers was ′slight′ and much for 45.2% and 40.6%, respectively, of the study population. Consequently, most office workers were found to be under stress. The amount of food intake under stress was found to be ′reduced′, unchanged and increased in 38.3, 37.0 and 24.7%, respectively, of those surveyed. The preferred foods when under stress were found to be alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, in 57.6% of cases, which was the highest proportion regardless of age, sex, marital status, occupation and educational level. The desired taste when under stress was found to be ′hot′ and sweet in 34.7 and 26.0%, respectively. As to the feeling after food intake, 51.7% responded that food intake was not useful for the relief of stress, which was the highest proportion and many salaried females worried about weight gain. With regard to the relationship between stress, health and nutrition, 69.9% of office workers responded that they thought the relationship of these factors was very high. As for the greatest cause triggering stress, 50.3% responded "due to workplace and job". The best method for relieving stress was to do exercise, with a 30.1 % response, The average score for the degree of stress and tension was 7.2, with 64.0% of office workers having an average level between 6- and 9. The degree of stress was higher for females than males, for unmarried salaried and hot-tempered persons. Those not doing exercise were subject to the highest levels of stress, and those a having sufficient sleep were found to be subject to less stress. Those interested in their health were found to have a good condition and lower levels of stress. In correlation with eating habits, stress, the degree of tension and personality, the F-value was found to be 43.505 (p<0.01), with an explanatory power of 0.294 (29.4%), indicating significant differences. This means that office workers with higher degrees of stress and tension tended to have poorer eating habits. Since bad eating habits have an adverse effect on both the state of physical health and individuals emotional development, for the purpose of correctly managing stress, office workers should make efforts to practice good eating habits.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2001

본 연구는 5개 지역 도시직장인의 연령별, 성별, 직종별 식생활습관에 대한 전반적인 조사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 지역별 비율은 부산 14.2%, 여수 25.3%, 창원 26.8%, 진주 13%, 인천 20.7%, 성별로는 여자 29.5%, 남자 60.5%, 연령은 21∼30대가 40.4%, 41∼50대가 26.9%로 나타났다. 2. 아침 식습관 조사에서 대상자의 84.6%가 아침식사를 하였고(p＜0.005), 남자가 여자보다 아침식사를 하는 비율이 높았으며, 아침을 거르는 주된 이유는 식욕부진으로 나타났다. 3. 아침식사 유형은 조사대상자의 80%이상이 한식을 하였다. 4. 점심식사는 조사 대부분의 지역에서 단체급식을 받았으며(p<0.005), 점심식사시 자주 선택하는 메뉴는 찌개류이며(p<0.005), 점심값으로는 3,500∼4,000원을 가장 많이 지출하였다(p<0.005). 5. 저녁식사는 대상자의 71.8%가 항상 먹는다고 하였고(p＜0.005), 특징적으로 20세 이하에서는 체중조절을 위해 가끔 저녁을 먹지 않는다고 하였다. 6. 저녁외식 횟수는 대상자의 60%가 1주일에 1∼2회 정도로 나타났으며(p＜0.005), 남자보다 여자의 외식빈도가 높았고, 연령이 높을수록 외식빈도가 낮고, 31∼40대에서 외식빈도가 가장 높았다(p<0.005). 7. 본 조사대상자들이 평소에 가장 중요하다고 생각하는 식사는 저녁이었고, 다음으로 점심, 아침 순으로 답하였다. 8. 육류섭취빈도는 대상자의 66.6%가 1주일에 I∼2회 섭취한다고 하였으며(p＜0.01), 20대 이하에서는 대상자의 13.8%가 전혀 육식을 하지 않는다고 하였는데, 육식을 하지 않는 주된 이유는 체중조절을 위한 것으로 나타났다. 전반적으로 육식을 하지 않는 이유는 육식을 좋아하지 않아서와 경제적인 이유를 내세웠다. 본 연구 결과 도시직장인은 아침과 저녁 식습관이 대체로 양호한 편이었고, 대부분이 아침식사로 한식을 이용하였으며, 점심은 단체급식을 받았고, 외식은 1주일에 1∼2회 정도 하였고, 남자보다 여자의 외식빈도가 높게 나타났다. 앞으로 본 연구를 통하여 도시 직장인의 식생활 관리뿐만 아니라 단체 급식에서 도시 직장인의 보다 나은 급식 운영에 도움이 되었으면 한다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2021

The petroleum refinery industry handles a variety of complex chemical substances and employs a large number of people around the world. According to previous research, diseases caused by exposure to chemicals were quite common among workers in refineries until the 1980s. More recently, it is unusual for oil refinery workers to suffer from these serious diseases. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence level of general diseases and any differences in lifestyle habits of workers in refineries in Korea compared with the general population. In this study, we used the results of health examinations from 2014 for workers at a large oil refinery in South Korea. In addition, based on the results of KNHANES from 2014 as representative of the population, hypertension, diabetes, anemia, hyperlipidemia, liver function abnormality, and kidney function abnormality were calculated using the standardized incidence rate. Hypertension showed a low result with an SIR of less than 1, but a high result in the case of abnormal liver function. The workers' occurrence rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, kidney dysfunction, and anemia were lower than those of ordinary salaried employees. however, their occurrence rate for abnormal liver function was markedly higher. In lifestyle habits, the smoking rate of workers was low while the alcohol consumption rate was quite high. This study has improved the understanding of the health status of workers in a large oil refinery in Korea, and has shown the impact of lifestyle habits related to the work environment on chronic diseases.

• 경제분석
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.66-122
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• 2019

우리 경제가 성장하면서 경제활동인구가 늘고 고용률이 높아지는 등 고용이 양적으로 꾸준히 성장하였다. 그러나 생산가능인구가 2017년부터 감소하기 시작하였고 여성 및 청년층의 고용은 부진한 상황이다. 비임금 근로자의 비중이 다른 나라나 소득 수준에 비해 크게 높은 수준이다. 또한 임금근로자 중 비정규직 비중과 소규모 기업 종사 근로자의 비중이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 고용구조의 특징에 비추어 우리나라 고용구조의 과제는 노동시장 이중구조심화, 청년실업 증가, 여성 고용의 부진, 저생산성의 과도한 자영업 비중 등으로 정리할 수 있다. 노동시장 이중구조가 심화된 데는 글로벌화에 따른 경쟁 심화, 대기업 우위의 원·하청관계, 대·중소기업 간 생산성 격차, 기업규모별 노동조합의 교섭력 격차 및 기업단위 노사협상 등의 제도적 요인이 복합적으로 작용하였다. 청년실업은 대학진학률 상승으로 대졸자들이 크게 증가한 반면 노동시장 이중구조화로 1차 노동시장 규모가 늘지 않은 데다 대졸자들의 2차 노동시장 기피현상이 심화된 것을 주된 배경으로 한다. 낮은 여성 고용률과 고용의 질적 수준은 결혼·출산 이후의 뚜렷한 경력단절에 기인하며 가정과 직장생활을 병행하기 어렵게 하는 제도 및 문화가 근본적인 원인으로 보인다. 생산성이 낮은 자영업자가 과다한 데에는 임금근로자 일자리가 충분하지 않고 노동시장 이중구조로 인해 양질의 임금근로자 일자리에 취업하기 힘들다는 점이 주요한 배경으로 작용하였다. 우리나라의 고용 확대를 제약하고 고용구조를 악화시킨 주된 구조적 요인은 이중구조 심화인 것으로 판단되는 만큼 공정거래 질서 확립과 중소기업의 생산성 향상 등 노동시장 이중구조 완화에 정책 역량을 집중할 필요가 있다. 아울러 청년 노동시장의 효율성을 제고할 수 있도록 직업훈련 및 고용지원서비스 제도를 개선하는 한편 보육시설 확충 등 여성들이 일과 가정이 병행할 수 있도록 하는 제도적 보완을 지속해 나가는 것도 중요하다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the simulated effects of the Philippine tax reform, which is called Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law, on household income and occupational choice. The study utilized the Family Income Expenditure Survey and tax collection as input to Computable General Equilibrium-Top Down Behavioral Microsimulation approach to determine the effect of Philippine tax reform on household income and occupational choice. The results of the study show that the household income in the Philippines will increase due to the implementation of the Philippine tax reform. Also, the study had found that tax reform results drive the household to shift from being farming entrepreneur to salaried workers since the utility derived from being workers is much higher compared to the utility derived from being entrepreneur. The findings of this research suggest that the Philippine Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law is beneficial to the household since their income would increase, which will further result to an increase in their capability to buy goods and services. However, the tax reform would also lead to imbalance between the distribution of numbers of workers across sectors such as entrepreneurial farming, entrepreneurial non-farming, and wage sector.