• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.403-403
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 강우시 도로지역에서 발생하는 비점오염물질 유출 및 수질특성을 살펴보고자 도로지역(국도 46호선)을 대상으로 총 16회의 강우사상에 대해 분석하였다. 모니터링 기간(2014년 5월~9월)동안 연구대상지역에는 3.2~80.3 mm의 강우가 발생하였으며, 강우강도는 0.39~11.29 mm/hr의 범위로 나타났다. 선행무강우일수는 0.3~20.1일이며, 총 유출량은 0.1~6.8 ㎥, 유출율은 0.24~0.85(평균 0.6)의 범위로 나타났다. 강우 모니터링 결과, 유량가중평균농도(Event Mean Concentration, EMC)는 TOC 4.9~56.2 mg/L(평균 18.0 mg/L), BOD 3.1~21.5 mg/L(평균 7.5 mg/L), COD 6.7~58.6 mg/L(평균 23.6 mg/L), SS 2.1~281.9 mg/L(평균 59.4 mg/L), T-N 1.07~13.46 mg/L(평균 4.89 mg/L) 그리고 T-P 0.065~0.680 mg/L(평균 0.23 mg/L)의 범위로 나타났으며, 강우계급별로 살펴보면 0~10 mm일 때 BOD 9.3 mg/L, COD 30.5 mg/L, SS 84.1 mg/L, T-N 5.42 mg/L, T-P 0.27 mg/L로, 10~30 mm일 때 BOD 6.6 mg/L, COD 22.0 mg/L, SS 29.0 mg/L, T-N 4.9 mg/L, T-P 0.20 mg/L로, 50 mm 이상의 강우에서는 BOD 3.6 mg/L, COD 7.1 mg/L, SS 46.4 mg/L, T-N 3.42 mg/L, T-P 0.10 mg/L로 강우계급별 EMC는 대부분 수질항목에 있어 10 mm 이하 계급의 평균 EMC가 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 그리고 각 강우사상에 대한 단위면적당 오염부하는 TOC 0.06~3.5 kg/ha, $BOD_5$ 0.03~1.6 kg/ha, CODMn 0.09~4.74 kg/ha, SS 0.09~35.99 kg/ha, T-N 0.012~2.600 kg/ha, T-P 0.001~0.062 kg/ha의 범위로 산정되었다. 도로지역은 불투수층 면적비율이 높아 누적강우량 10 mm 이하에서도 유출이 발생하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 작은 강우에도 초기유출이 발생하고 유출되는 오염물질 농도가 높은 경향을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.294-294
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• 2019

The system for predicting flood of river at Flood Control Office is made up of a rainfall-runoff model and FLDWAV model. This system is mainly operating to predict the excess of the flood watch or warning level at flood forecast points. As the demand for information of the management and operation of riverside, which is being used as a waterfront area such as parks, camping sites, and bike paths, high-level forecasts of watch and warning at certain points are required as well as production of lowland flood forecast information that is used as a waterfront within the river. In this study, a technology to produce flood forecast information in lowland areas of the river used as a waterfront was developed. Based on the results of the 1D hydraulic analysis, a model for performing spatial operations based on high resolution grid was constructed. A model was constructed for Andong district, and the inundation conditions and level were analyzed through a virtual outflow scenarios of Andong and Imha Dam.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of nonpoint source pollutants discharge from a small rural watershed. A typical rural area in Gongju City, Korea, was selected as the research site. Water quality and quantity in streams and rainfall samples were analyzed periodically from May to October 2005. Pollutant loads were estimated from a nonpoint source pollution model (AvSWAT, Arcview Soil and Water Assessment Tool). During the rainy season, from June 26 to 30 September 2005 and the dry season, before 26 June and after 30 September 2005, biological oxygen demands and chemical oxygen demands accounted for 91.3% and 93.7% of annual load, respectively, while total-N and total-P were 97.1% and 91.1% of annual load, respectively. The observed stream flow was $66.5m^3sec^{-1}$, while simulation stream flow was $66.2m^3sec^{-1}$. That can be assumed that simulation can be used to estimate the stream flow without practical measurement. However, the runoff trend following the occurrence of a storm event was not recorded properly.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.277-286
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• 2021

This study compares the long-term hydrological cycles of the Seolmacheon and Cheongmicheon basin by applying the structural equation model (SEM). These two basins are found different especially in their land-use pattern. Both basins have the actual evapotranspiration data measured by the eddy-covariance method as well as the rainfall and runoff data. The length of the data considered in this study is nine years from 2010 to 2018. The structure of the SEM is determined by considering the correlations among the data as well as the general knowledge on the hydrological cycle. As a result, a total of three SEMs are applied sequentially to analyze their fittings. As irony would have it, two basins are found to be similar in the application of one SEM, but different in the application of another. Especially, when considering the feedback process between precipitation and evapotranspiration, two basins are found to be very different. That is, the feedback process between precipitation and evapotranspiration is found to be significant in the Cheongmicheon basin where the portion of agricultural area (i.e., paddy) is more than 40%.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.463-474
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• 2021

The various external forces can cause inundation in coastal areas. This study is to analyze regional characteristics caused by single or compound external forces that can occur in coastal areas. Storm surge (tide level and wave overtopping) and rainfall were considered as the external forces in this study. The inundation analysis were applied to four coastal areas, located on the west and south coast in Republic of Korea. XP-SWMM was used to simulate rainfall-runoff phenomena and 2D ground surface inundation for watershed. A coupled model of ADCIRC and SWAN (ADCSWAN) was used to analyze tide level by storm surge and the FLOW-3D model was used to estimate wave overtopping. As a result of using a single external force, the inundation influence due to storm surge in most of the coastal areas was greater than rainfall. The results of using compound external forces were quite similar to those combined using one external force independently. However, a case of considering compound external forces sometimes created new inundation areas that didn't appear when considering only a single external force. The analysis considering compound external forces was required to reduce inundation damage in these areas.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.321-334
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• 2018

There are many factors that cause uneven regional developments in the country and one of main factors is outflow of regional income or products. The purpose of this study is to analyze regional production runoff by comparing GRDP and GRNI in basic local governments level. In this study, GRNI of basic local governments are estimated by local income tax data, The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, GRNI is more concentrated than GRDP. The analysis of Moran I showed that the spatial autocor-relation of GRNI is more distinct than that of GRDP. Local Moran I analysis shows that spatial hot spots and cold spots are more apparent in GRNI than GRDP. Secondly, the outflows of GRDP into a small number of regions are apparent. In about 80% of basic local governments, the net outflows of GRDP occur. The large net outflow regions are cities where manufacturing industry has developed and in the 20 lowest net outflow rate regions, 70-80% of GRDP outflows. The large net inflow regions are metropolitan area in Seoul and large local cities. Seocho-gu, Yongsan-gu, and Gangnam-gu in Seoul have a large net inflows and net inflow rates are over 90% of GRDP.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Mekong River streamflow alteration due to climate change. The future climate change scenarios were produced by bias corrections of the data from East Asia RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, given by HadGEM3-RA. Then, SWAT model was used for discharge simulation of the Kratie, the main point of the Mekong River (watershed area: $646,000km^2$, 88% of the annual average flow rate of the Mekong River). As a result of the climate change analysis, the annual precipitation of the Kratie upper-watershed increase in both scenarios compared to the baseline yearly average precipitation. The monthly precipitation increase is relatively large from June to November. In particular, precipitation fluctuated greatly in the RCP 8.5 rather than RCP 4.5. Monthly average maximum and minimum temperature are predicted to be increased in both scenarios. As well as precipitation, the temperature increase in RCP 8.5 scenarios was found to be more significant than RCP 4.5. In addition, as a result of the duration curve comparison, the streamflow variation will become larger in low and high flow rate and the drought will be further intensified in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.49-65
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• 2021

Although the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is continuously being advanced, the number of environmental disputes regarding it is still on the rise. In order to supplement this, it is necessary to analyze the accumulated complaint cases. In this study, through the analysis of complaint cases, it is possible to identify matters that need to be improved in the existing EIA stages as well as various damages and conflicts that were not previously considered or predicted. In the process, we dervied 'complaint-based data demands' that should be additionally examined to improve the EIA. To this end, a total of 348 news articles were collected by searching with combinations of 'environmental impact assessment' and a keyword for each of the six assessment groups. As a result of analysis of collected data, a total of 54 complaint-based data demands were suggested. Among those were 15 items including 'impact of changes in seawater flow on water quality' in the category of water environment; 13 items including 'area of green buffer zone' in atmospheric environment; 10 items including 'impact of soundproof wall on wind corridor' in living environment; 8 items including 'expected number of users' in socioeconomic environment, 4 items including 'feasibility assessment of development site in terms of environmental and ecological aspects' in natural ecological environment; and 4 items including 'prediction of sediment runoff and damaged areas according to the increase in intensity and frequency of torrential rain' in land environment. In future research, more systematic complaint collection and analysis as well as specific provision methods regarding stages, subjects, and forms of use should be sought to apply the derived data demands in the actual EIA process. It is expected that this study can serve to advance the prediction and assessment of EIA in the future and to minimize environmental impact as well as social conflict in advance.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.125-140
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• 2022

Road Deposited Sediment (RDS) is the solids formed from the wear of road, wear of vehicles, exhausts, and the input of the emissions from various sources out of the roads. RDS is seriously polluted by organic matter, nutrients, and metals. RDS plays an important role as the sink and the transport medium of the associated pollutants because RDS can be carried to the adjacent water system via stormwater runoff. In this regard, the heavy metals in RDS were investigated based on the publications. The contents of the metals in RDS were highly variable. The concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in urban RDS in various regions was in a range of 3.16-3,410, 1.15-1,382, 20.2-9,069, 2,980-124,853, 81-2,550, 2.3-214, 0.19-21.3, and 15.21-1,125 mg/kg, respectively. The anthropogenic enrichment of the metals in RDS was confirmed by the high concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. The contents of the metals were higher in industrial and traffic areas than in residential areas, while they were generally increased with decreasing particle size. It is believed that this study's results would contribute to quantifying the metals' load via RDS and establishing control strategies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

The importance of preemptive flood preparation is growing as the importance of preparing for climate change increases due to record heavy rains in the Seoul metropolitan area in August 2022. Although it is responding to flood control through reservoirs and sediment sites, the government is preparing excellent spill reduction measures through a preliminary consultation system for Low Impact Development (LID). In this study, the depth of flooding was simulated when LID technologies were applied to the Sillim 2-drain region in Dorimcheon Stream basin, an urban stream, using XP-SWMM, a two-dimensional model. In addition, the analysis and applicability of the effect of reducing rainfall runoff for the largest rainfall in a day were reviewed, and it was judged to be effective as a method of reducing flooding in urban areas. Although there is a limitation in which the reduction effect is overestimated, it is thought that the LID technologies can be a significant countermeasure as a countermeasure for small-scale flooded areas where some flooding occurs after structural flooding measures are established.