• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1054-1064
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• 2017

With the development of cloud computing, internet technology and Internet of Things(IoT), most of applications are being smarter and changing from native application to SaaS (Software as a Service) application. New versatile SaaS applications are being released through various app portals (e.g. appstore, googleplay, T-Store, and so on). However, a user has a difficulty in searching, choosing an suitable application to him. It is also hard for him to know what functions of each SaaS application are useful. He wants to be recommended something inter-operated SaaS service according to his personality and his situation. Therefore, this paper presents a way of making mash-up of SaaS applications in order to provide the most convenient inter-operated SaaS service to user. This paper also presents SaaS Application Mash-up Framework (SAMF), complex context and rule matrix. The proposed SAMF is a main system that totally manage SaaS application mash-up service. Complex context and rule matrix are key components in order to recommend what SaaS applications are needed and how those SaaS applications are inter-operated. The SAMF collects complex contexts (User Description, Status Description, SaaS Service Description) in order to choose which SaaS applications are useful, analyze what functions to use, how to mash-up.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2007년도 특별논문집
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• pp.14-21
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• 2007

A passenger ship is consist of five(5) constituents; passenger, sea, crew, port and ship itself and the rule & regulation which is applicable to passenger ship are differently required as their objects of constituents. the basic concept of rule & regulation can be defined all activities to keep safety of ship and her constituents. Especially, the rule & regulation for passenger ship design and construction shall be considered not only safety of ship itself but also safety of lives, so its are required more severe than commercial vessel. Recently, the IMO have finished the rule making work on the 'passenger ship safety' since it has been discussed last 2000 and next MSC meeting will be adopted the results. In this paper, the application method of rule & regulation are treated and the new rule which were made by IMO are introduced. The rule & regulation for passenger ship is one of the most important things. therefore, it is required to careful consideration to apply on the rule application.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제34권
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• pp.55-74
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• 2007

The documentary credit has been functioning as an indispensable tool for making international commercial transactions safer throughout the world since ICC adopted the second revision of the Uniform Customs and Practices for Commercial Documentary Credits in 1962. Letter of Credit transaction should be cleared by the principle of the trust and integrity and vile partners sometimes make a fraud on the L/C by the misinterpretation of the documents. As there is no rule but no exception, exception from application of these principles is allowed. The fraud exception nile constitutes contracting out an application of basic principles, this rule should apply restrictively and in many authorities a court does not apply this rule to nominated bank, confirming bank, and bona fide holder of draft even if fraud is involved in L/C transactions. If not, we lose a lot of benefits from the credit as valuable commercial device through reservation of these principles to take a few benefits. So, We need to recognize that the fraud exception rule should be applied restrictively. Therefore, this study reviewed condition of application and exception from application of fraud exception rule in view of Cardozo's opinion, the Sztejn court, and UCC Sections-114(2).

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2001년도 The Pacific Aisan Confrence On Intelligent Systems 2001
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• pp.431-434
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• 2001

Knowledge discovery in databases(KDD) is the process for extracting valid, novel, potentially useful and understandable knowledge form real data. There are many academic and industrial activities with new technologies and application areas. Particularly, data mining is the core step in the KDD process, consisting of many algorithms to perform clustering, pattern recognition and rule induction functions. The main goal of these algorithms is prediction and description. Prediction means the assessment of unknown variables. Description is concerned with providing understandable results in a compatible format to human users. We introduce an efficient data mining algorithm considering predictive and descriptive capability. Reasonable pattern is derived from real world data by a revised neural network model and a proposed fuzzy rule extraction technique is applied to obtain understandable knowledge. The proposed neural network model is a hierarchical self-organizing system. The rule base is compatible to decision makers perception because the generated fuzzy rule set reflects the human information process. Results from real world application are analyzed to evaluate the system\`s performance.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권11호
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• pp.2875-2888
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• 1999

In this paper we present compiler-based active rule system to efficiently maintain spatial integrity constraints in a heterogeneous, distributed environment. Specially, the prototype active rule system presented has been developed as a component of a whole middleware system called SDBC(Spatile DataBase Connectivity). Due to this reason, our active rule system is provided for heterogeneous ODBMSs in a distributed environment and used to define spatial integrity constraints using the active rules in E-C-A(Event-Condition-Action) type. Using this active rule system, an application programmer can free himself from a heavier burden on the integrity maintenance of application objects. In the compiler-based approach, active rules applicable to events raised by a database program are directly inserted into the program in a function type by the preprocessor, and then they are compiled with the application program source codes. One advantage of this approach is that there is no run-time overhead accompanied by monitoring all the database transitions when preprocessed program is executed. This active rule system also provides facilities to manage changed rules and dynamically interpret those rules at run-tuime.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to show that when we consider the analytical ways of Dissimilation, it becomes clear that it is insufficient to deal with it in just linear and nonlinear ways. Thus within a new framework to be introduced in this paper, Harmonic Phonology, we will reanalyze the phenomenon. We will also consider how the Obligatory Contour Principle (hereinafter, OCP) is used as both rule trigger and rule blocker in rule application, and works as a universal constraint, that is, a filtering device of ill formed representation. As we also consider it under the new framework, we can show the application position and motivation of rules appropriately and represent the phenomenon synthetically. (Yosu National University)

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 2002

Association rule mining is an exploratory learning task to discover some hidden dependency relationships among items in transaction data. Quantitative association rules denote association rules with both categorical and quantitative attributes. There have been several works on quantitative association rule mining such as the application of fuzzy techniques to quantitative association rule mining, the generalized association rule mining for quantitative association rules, and importance weight incorporation into association rule mining fer taking into account the users interest. This paper introduces a new method for generalized fuzzy quantitative association rule mining with importance weights. The method uses fuzzy concept hierarchies fer categorical attributes and generalization hierarchies of fuzzy linguistic terms fur quantitative attributes. It enables the users to flexibly perform the association rule mining by controlling the generalization levels for attributes and the importance weights f3r attributes.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제15D권4호
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• pp.475-484
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• 2008

최근에는 데이터를 획득 및 처리하는 방법의 향상으로 인하여 연속적이고 실시간으로 발생되는 데이터를 처리하는 응용이 증가하고 있다. 그러한 응용에서 연관규칙을 추출하기 위해서는 새로운 방식을 사용하여 빈발항목집합을 찾아내야 한다. 기존의 빈발항목을 발견하는 방식에서는 전체 데이터베이스를 반복적으로 읽으면서 처리해야 한다. 그러나 실시간이고 연속적으로 발생하는 데이터를 처리하는 응용에서는 반복적으로 여러 번 데이터를 읽을 수 없기 때문에 일정 구간의 데이터를 한 번만 읽고 처리해야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 입력되는 데이터 구간을 한 번만 읽고 최대 빈발항목 집합의 크기와 해당 빈발항목을 추정함으로써 필요한 연관규칙탐사를 가능하게 하는 빈발항목 추정 기법을 제안한다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2008

인터넷 환경에서 내부 네트워크를 보호하기 위하여 침입탐지시스템이 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 침입탐지시스템은 비정상 패킷의 특성을 분석하여 규칙을 생성하고 이 규칙들을 이용하여 패킷들을 필터링함으로써 내부 시스템들을 보호한다. 최근 공격 사례가 많아지고, 공격 형태가 구조화되면서 이를 탐지하는 규칙의 수도 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 침입탐지시스템이 규칙을 적용하는 과정에서의 성능 하락 정도도 커지고 있다. 본 논문은 규칙을 적용하는 과정에서 상대적으로 오버헤드가 큰 문자열 검색 성능을 개선하고자 복수개의 부분패턴을 이용한 다중 패턴매칭 기법을 제안한다. 그리고 대표적인 고성능의 다중 패턴매칭 알고리즘인 Wu-Manber 알고리즘과 성능을 비교하고 그 결과를 보인다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-156
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• 2011

This paper is to analyze the legality in which the fraud rule allow the issuer of L/C or a court to disrupt the payment to the beneficiary under the deferred payment credit when the nominated bank for deferred payment undertaking made prepayment or negotiation before the maturity date and fraud is identified to be involved. Since the function of commercial L/C is to provide absolute assurance of payment to a beneficiary, the fraud rule based on fraud exception has been known as the negative factor which lead to the disruption of "principle of independence & abstraction" under the commercial L/C transactions. As a result, the fraud rule is necessary to limit the activities of fraudsters, but its scope must be carefully circumscribed so as not to deny commercial utility to an instrument that exists to serve as an assurance of payment. But the fraud itself has not been firmly established because it is inherently pliable in its concept. There are numerous contents to describe the application of fraud to the L/C transactions as a standard such as egregious fraud, intentional fraud, L/C fraud(omitted here), flexible fraud, and constructive fraud. And so the standard applicable to the commercial transaction as the fraud rule would be high or low depending upon the various standards of fraud.