• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.463-472
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to develop a web-based education program for nurses working in nursing homes. The focus was on the rights of older adults. Methods: The program was designed based on the Network-Based Instructional System Design (NBISD) model and was operated and evaluated between July 2007 and June 2008. Results: Out of nursing records of 40 residents from a nursing home, the final 7 cases were deducted through classification using the Resource Utilization Group (RUG)-III. The data on needs for education was collected from 28 nurses working in 15 nursing homes located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, who agreed to complete a self-report questionnaire. A comprehensive review of the literature and two focus groups interviews were used to search for risk factors and guidelines for protection of human rights. The education program was developed based on Kolb's experiential learning model and composed of 5 units, which included content on types of human rights and rights to death with dignity, elder abuse, physical liberty, and self-determination. The program was positively evaluated showing a score of 3.35 (SD=0.37) out of 4. Conclusion: The educational program developed in this study should promote nurses' sensitivity to the rights of elders and improve nurses' behaviors in protecting the rights of elders residing in nursing homes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-150
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• 2021

Recently, interest of consumers in home furnishing products has increased steadily because of the increased time spent at home due to COVID-19. Among them, carpets made of various materials and technologies are becoming popular interior item. Academic and industrial sectors agreed on the need to produce premium design carpets. Prior research on carpet design was mostly focused on patterns, history, with insufficient investigations on the type. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop premium design carpets by analyzing their expression types. To analyze expression types, this study covered about 400 design carpets surveyed on the websites of eight major carpet companies from January 2021 to March 2021. Based on the analysis results, the five expression types of are as follows. Firstly, the expression type was expressed in various atypical forms that was deviated from the formal form. Secondly, it was a type that improves visual and tactile effects through a variety of 3-D textures. Thirdly, it was a type of diversification of motifs, which was based on the works of artists and designers in various fields. Fourthly, it was a type that combines two or more different materials and techniques. Finally, it was a modular type that can be applied in various ways to various spaces. Based on the analysis results of this study, it is hoped that the data will be helpful to produce premium design carpets in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.29-35
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• 2022

When a vehicle is driven off a road surface, the deformations of the road surface and tire are combined. Consequently, the dynamic behavior of wheel movement becomes difficult to predict and control. Herein, we propose a tire test bed to capture the dynamic behavior of tires moving on sand and soil. Based on this study, it is discovered that the slip rate can be controlled, and the vertical force can be measured using a load cell. The test results show that this test bed can be useful for capturing the dynamic behavior of the tire and validating dynamic simulations. In fact, the tire test bed developed in this study can be used to verify the results of computer simulations. In addition, it can be used for basic experiments pertaining to the speed control of unmanned autonomous vehicles.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-100
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• 2023

Interaction between sedentary and nomadic cultural traditions has played an important role in the centuries-old history of applied arts in Uzbekistan. By the late 19th and early 20th century, driven by urbanization in the region and the gradual transition of nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples to sedentary lifestyles, many industries and traditional cultural forms of formerly nomadic ethnic groups disappeared. Nevertheless, their role in shaping the national cultural identity of the Uzbek people is great. This is true in relation to one of the largest ethnic groups in Uzbekistan, the Kungrats, whose applied art represents a unique, viable, and yet little-studied phenomenon in the national culture of Uzbekistan. The article reviews carpet weaving, one of their surviving crafts, exemplified by qiz-gilam, a unique type of rug made using a combined technique. This study helps to show the nature of historical and cultural interrelations in the carpet weaving of Central Asian peoples and their cultural contacts with the carpet art of neighboring regions more widely and objectively. An important theoretical result of this study is the creation of criteria and tools for identifying qiz-gilam carpets. This allows us to bring clarity to the yet undeveloped system of their identification in museum and gallery practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.3 s.102
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

This study is aimed to produce natural dyeing garments, which contain the sentiments and color sense of Koreans, by using various household supplies, with a view to increase the values added and utilization of natural dyeing. The dyes mainly used for this study are multi-colored ones which are durable after dyeing and can represent various colors. They include Lithodpermum officinale, Caesalpinia sappan, Rubia Cordifolia, Pellodendron Bak, Curcuma Longa L., fallen Ginkgo Biloba, Artemisia Princeps, and Quereus acutissima carr shell. Considering water pollution and other things, aluminum acetate and ferrous chloride were used as mordants. Cheap and practical materials such as cotton cloth and those with traditional patterns and elegance such as silk and ramie fabrics were used to produce baby goods, household supplies, clothes, and accessories. The produced supplies closely contact with our body, so they may have a great effect on human body. The household supplies produced include rug, bedclothes, room bedclothes, curtain, bedding set, cushion, and sunlight blind, in consideration of the functionality or medical actions of the goods which are closely related to the human skin. The infant supplies produced include longcloth for newborn baby, bedding set, gauze handkerchief, and doll. The clothes include night gown, shirt, bath gown, and Korean traditional clothes. The accessories include tablecloth, cup pad, bag, wrapping cloth, mouse and keyboard cushion, and scarf. Nowadays, consumers prefer environment-friendly naturally dyed garments and products. In order to control the naturally dyed garments and products which are traded in the domestic market, it is urgent to introduce such ecological marks as 'Toxproof' and 'Ecoproof.' Currently, many ordinary persons, who are not experts, have interest and participate in natural dyeing, but they simply produce naturally dyed garments, not artistic works or everyday supplies. The present author expects this study will contribute to the production of household goods by such persons. The author also hopes that they will develop and commercialize such designs as suit to modern tastes and senses based on the unique cultural assets of Koreans, so that Korean naturally dyed products may be recognized as reliable commodities equipped with international competitiveness.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2012

Objectives: To understand the personal experiences of mine workers that have experienced job relocation due to silicosis at the Andina Division of Corporaci$\acute{o}$n Nacional del Cobre (CODELCO), Chile. The purpose of the study was to provide useful information for the development of new local, business and public policies for the care of workers with silicosis. Methods: A qualitative study based on a practical case study of 5 workers. The information was collected by means of structured individual interviews. The method of analysis was phenomenology. Results: The corporal axis was the most commented upon. It included awareness of the illness, body pains, fatigue, and antagonistic mood disorders (sadness, or the difficulty in finding meaning in life). As far as personal relationships, there was evidence of strong relationships with family, coworkers and friends, as well as extended family. Over all, the experience of relocation was positive with periods of impatience and uncertainty. The job reassignment provided a new and pleasant context for the relocated workers and in the process improved their perception of their quality of life. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary team should attend mine workers relocated because of silicosis by addressing the mental and physical aspects of their disease, along with the integral participation of close family members. It is suggested that this investigation be maintain over time to record the personal experiences in the medium-term, adding new cases with the intention of shedding more light on the phenomenon being studied. As a preventive measure, continual workshops are needed on the proper use of respiratory protection in addition, a group of monitors is required.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.662-669
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• 2004

The highly water-soluble monomethoxypoly(ethyleneglycol) (mPEG) prod rugs of cyciosporin A(CsA) were synthesized. These prod rugs were prepared by initially preparing intermediate in the form of carbonate at the 3'-positions of CsA with chloromethyl chloroformate, in the pres-ence of a base to provide a 3'-carbonated CsA intermediate. Reaction of the CsA intermediate with mPEG derivative in the presence of a base provides the desired water-soluble prod rugs. As a model, we chose molecular weight 5 kDa mPEG in the reaction with CsA to give water soluble prodrugs. To prove that the prod rug is decomposed in the body to produce CsA, the enzymatic hydrolysis test was conducted using human liver homogenate at $37^{\circ}C$. The prodrug was decomposed in human liver homogenate to produce the active material, CsA, and the hydrolysis half-life ($t_{1/2}$) of the prodrug, KI-306 was 2.2 minutes at $37^{\circ}C$. However, a demon-stration of non-enzymatic conversion in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer was provided by the fact that the half-life ($t_{1/2}$) is 21 hours at 37$^{\circ}C$. The hydrolysis test in rat whole blood was also conducted. The hydrolysis was seen with half-life ($t_{1/2}$) of about 9.9, 65.0, 14.2, 3.4, 2.1 9.5, and 1.6 minutes for KI-306, 309, 312, 313, 315, 316, and 317, respectively. This is the ideal for CsA prodrug. The pharmacokinetic study of the prodrug, KI-306, in comparison to the commer-cial product (Sandimmune Neoral Solution) was also carried out after single oral dose. Each rat received 7 mg／kg of CsA equivalent dose. Especially, the prodrug KI-306 exhibits higher AUC and $C_{max}$ than the conventional Neoral. The AUC and $C_{max}$ were increased nearly 1.5 fold. The kinetic value was also seen with $T_{max}$ of about 1.43 and 2.44 hours for KI-306 and Neoral, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

KR-984055 is a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic with activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Lipophilic ester-type prodrugs of KR-984055, i.e., KR-999001 and KR-999002, have been synthesized in an attempt to increase the oral bioavailability of this broad-spectrum antibiotic agent. In this study we determined the oral bioavailability of KR-984055 and its prodrugs in the rat, and evaluated the pharmacokinetic model that best describes the plasma concentration behavior following single intravenous (IV) and oral single dose. In addition, concentrations in plasma as well as biliary and urinary recovery of KR-984055 were determined. Also, protein binding of KR-984055 in plasma was examined in vitro. The degree of protein binding of KR-984055 was in the range of 92.09~94.77%. KR-984055 exhibited poor oral bioavailability (7.02$\pm$1.58%). The observed oral bioavailabilities of KR-984055 from KR-999001 and KR-999002 were 38.77$\pm$2.81 % and 39.81$\pm$5.25%, respectively. These data were calculated from the levels of free KR-984055 in plasma. Oral KR-999001 and KR-999002 were not recovered from plasma, suggesting that it was readily cleaved to free KR-984055. KR-999001 and KR-999002 appear to be an efficient oral prod rug of KR-984055 that deserved further clinical evaluation in human.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.264-271
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• 2012

As changed population structure variously, population decrease is one of the important problem in present urbanization. It resulted decline of the medium-large size housings that increasing of 1-2 person household need the variety of small housing with housing type. This study was researched the Gold-Generation on theme by Gold Miss, Gold Mr. who preferring urban small housings that it analyzed survey of Gold generation who be wanted urban small housing by interior coordination elements. Data to be analyzed that first, Gold Mr. and Miss are preferred two bedroom applied by spatial structure coordination. Especially it is based on the separation between livingroom and bedroom with duplex type which is bathroom formed single unit type(shower/toilet/basin). In interior coordination of spatial elements, Gold Mr. considered the form of kitchen with huge ㄷ type instead of Gold Miss are preferred alpha room or alpha space to use powder room or dress room. Second, In Preference of interior coordination elements, Gold Mr. and Miss are preferred bed-clothes and curtains by fabrics, lighting are hanging and spot lighting, accessories are carpet with rug and porcelains. Color are preferred bright scheme both white and ivory, however preference of furniture is different from Gold Mr. and Gold Miss that Gold Mr. are ordered desk, sofa and shelves but Gold Miss are preferred sofa, bed, and dressing table. It showed between Gold Mr. and Gold Miss are equal needs or differences. It expects the basic research for understanding the interior coordination elements for preference in urban small housing as focused on Gold generation(Gold Miss, Gold Mr.) that they will be applied the interior space on urban small housing.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-134
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• 2010

Purpose: TOMO therapy treatment for a relatively long run Beam time and temperature-sensitive detector, such as CT clinics in optimal temperature ($20~21^{\circ}$) to maintain a constant temperature in addition to its own Chamber Cooling system is activating. TOMO This clinic has been reduced in the patients' body temperature to keep the sheets and covers over the treated area. Therefore, these materials for any changes in the organization gives the dose were analyzed. Materials and Methods: To compare changes in the organization Dose Phantom cheese (Cheese Phantom) were used, CT-simulation taking the center point of the cheese phantom PTV (Planning Target Volume, treatment planning target volume) by setting Daily dose 200 cGy, 3 meetings planned treatment. PTV, PTV +7 cm, PTV +14 cm, the total count points on the phantom using the Ion chamber cover without any substance to measure the dose, and one of the most commonly used treatment, including the frequently used four kinds of bedding materials (febric 0.8 mm, gown 1.4 mm, rug, 3.3 mm, blanket 13.7 mm) and covered with a phantom and the dose measured at the same location were analyzed 3 times each. Results: PTV, PTV +7 cm, PTV +14 cm from the point of any substance measured in the state are covered with four kinds of materials (fabric, gown, rug, blanket) was measured in the covered states and compares their results, PTV respectively -0.17%, -0.44%, -0.53% and -0.9% change, PTV +7 cm, respectively -0.04%, +0.07%, +0.06%, +0.07%, were changed, PTV +14 cm, respectively 0%, -0.06%, -0.02%, +0.6%, respectively. Conclusion: These results TOMO treatment to patients to maintain their body mass by using PTV thickness of the material decreased in proportion to. PTV +7 cm, but showed slight changes in the point, PTV +14 cm at the point of the dose was increased a little. Sejijeom all the difference in treatment tolerance ${\pm}3%$ range, this is confirmed in the coming treatment will not affect the larger should be considered.