• 생약학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.231-234
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• 1993

Neuropharmacological profile of Humulus lupulus (hop) extract was studied in mice. At doses above 100 mg/kg(i.p.), it decreased spontaneous locomotor activity and raised the nociceptive threshold in the hot-plate test. At doses above 250 mg/kg (i.p.), it increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping time and produced muscle relaxant effect. At the dose of 500 mg/kg, anticonvulsive effect against pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion and hypothermic effect was observed.

• 생약학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.203-207
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• 1981

The acute toxicity and sedative activity of flavonoids and saponin isolated from Zizyphus seeds have been evaluated in mice. All the compounds elicited potentiation of hexobarbital-induced hypnosis, inhibition of ladder-climbing and caffeine-induced hyperactivity. Swertisin was the most potent of all flavonoids tested. The potency of saponin in these tests was found to be higher than that of swertisin. The activities in rotarod test and electroshock seizure test, on the other hand, were relatively weak or nil. From these findings it was suggested that flavonoids and saponin from Zizyphus seeds have neuroleptic activity without anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant activity accompanied by neurological deficit.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.447-452
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• 2010

A series of 5-alkoxy-tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinolines were synthesized to evaluate their anticonvulsant and antidepressant effects. Anticonvulsant effects and neurotoxicity of the compounds when injected intraperitoneally to mice were determined by a maximal electroshock (MES) test and a rotarod test, respectively. Only three of the synthesized compounds (4a, 4b, 4c) displayed anticonvulsant activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Most of the compounds significantly reduced immobility times during the forced swimming test (FST) at a dose of 100 mg/kg, indicative of antidepressant activity. Among the compounds, 5-(2-fluorobenzyloxy)tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline (4k) reduced immobility time by 66.85% at 30 mg/kg compared with the same dose of Fluoxetine, which reduced immobility time by 52.30%. According to the results of the 5-Hydroxytryptophan induced head-twitch test and yohimbine toxicity potentiation test, the noradrenergic system seems not to be involved in the antidepressant-like effect of compound 4k while the serotonergic system seems a little to be involved.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.222-230
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• 1993

본드라고 불리우는 공업용 접착제는 수종의 유기용제를 함유하고 있으므로 본드 흡입은 단일 유기용제 흡입과는 다른 독성을 나타낼 수 있다. 공업용 접착제에서 휘발한 유기용제를 흡입하여 반복적으로 급성 중추신경계 억제증상에 이르렀던 어린 백서가 급성 중독증상이 소실된 후에도 체중증가의 둔화나 중추신경계 기능이상 혹은 만성 비가역적 중추신경계 이상이 유발되는가를 검증하고자 주령이 6주인 어린 웅성 백서 20 마리를, 폭로장치를 이용하여 $40^{\circ}C$의 평판위에서 가열한 30g의 본드에서 발생하는 유기용제 증기에 4주간에 걸쳐서 1회에 30분씩 21회 반복 폭로시켜서 폭로군으로 하였고. 이와 함께 동일한 주령의 백서 20마리를 같은 조건으로 대기에 폭로시켜서 대조군으로 하였다. 그후 6 개월동안 동일한 환경하에서 사육하면서 시간경과에 따라서 체중을 측정하였고 tail flick 검사, hot plate 검사, treadmill 검사를 실시한 다음 뇌를 적출하여 육안과 현미경으로 신경조직의 변화유무를 관찰하였다. 시간의 변화를 고려한 폭로군과 비교군간의 비교에서 체중 증가는 양군간에 유의한 차이를 나타냈으나, tail flick 검사, hot plate 검사, rotarod treadmill검사 등의 결과에서는 양군간의 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 눈가림법을 적용한 현미경적인 비교에서나, 적출한 대뇌와 소뇌의 크기의 비교에서도 양군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 본드흡입은 정상발육에 의한 체중증가를 저해하는 것으로 보인다. 한편 본 연구의 결과만으로 본드흡입이 백서나 인체의 신경계에 영구적인 손상을 유발하지 않는다고 결론짓기는 어려우며. 다양한 폭로조건으로 연구를 시행한 후에만 이러한 가설에 대한 평가가 가능할 것으로 생각된다. 철과 Sc척도, Pt척도는 양의 상관 관계를 보이고 있다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼때 비폭력범죄자와 정상 대조군 사이에서 일부 금속원소의 함량 차이가 있는 것으로 보여지며, 금속원소 함량과 MMPI 척도와도 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 폭력범과 비폭력범, 폭력범과 일반인과의 차이를 비교하여 볼 필요성을 느낀다.으로 현저히 증가되어 있었다. 이상의 결과로 규폐증에서는 일반적인 건강진단 항목상의 신기능 검사에 이상소견을 보이지 않은 경우라도 신장기능의 변화가 동반될 수 있으며, 요중 NAG 활성치를 분진 폭로 근로자에게 적용하면 산업보건학적 측면에서 근로자의 건강관리를 위하여 매우 유익한 자료가 될 것으로 생각한다.견해를 보였으나 약국의료보험이용은 극히 저조하고 의사의 처방전 발행도 저조한 실정이다. 이에 약국의료보험제도에서 의약분업제도로의 제도적 전환이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 둘째, 의사와 약사의 의약분업에 대한 의견이 상이한 점으로 미루어 유추할 수 있지만 의약분업제도 실시의 장애요인으로 의 약사단체 상호간의 업권문제와 의약사간의 갈등이 지적되는 바, 이들 모두를 만족 할 대안을 선택하는 것이 쉬운일 아닐 것이므로 국민의 건강보호차원에서 정부의 중립적 의지가 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다.의 비율이 감소하였으나 본태성고혈압, 당뇨병, 폐결핵, 협심증 둥의 비율이 증가하였다. 일반외과의 경우에는 치핵, 항문열상, 종기 등의 비율이 감소하였고, 위암, 대장암, 담낭암 등의 비율은 증가하였다. 소아과의 경우 급성상기도염, 기관지염, 불명확한 장관감염 등의 비율은 감소하였고, 간질, 폐결핵, 천식, 임파성백혈병 등은 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 의료전달체계가 실시됨으로써 3차 진료기관의 외래 방문 환자의 건수, 건당 진료기간, 건당 방문횟수, 건당 검사건수, 건당

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2023

Objectives : Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide and is characterized by the loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). In a previous in vitro study, we demonstrated that Sihogyeji-tang (SG), Sihosogan-tang (SS), and Sihocheonggan-tang (SC) have the potential to be candidate medicines for PD. This study aimed to compare the neuroprotective effect of SG, SS, and SC using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model. Methods : Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered with 30 mg/kg of MPTP for 5 days and orally administered SG, SS and SC for 12 days from the first MPTP injection. Motor function was assessed using the pole test and the rotarod test. Dopaminergic neuronal survival in the SN and striatum was evaluated through tyrosine-hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Results : MPTP administration resulted in behavioral impairment and dopaminergic neuronal death in the SN and striatum. In the pole test, treatment with SG, SS, and SC alleviated the MPTP-induced motor dysfunction on day 5 and 12. In the rotarod test, SS and SG alleviated the MPTP-induced motor dysfunction on day 5, while only SS showed improvement on day 12. SS and SG significantly protected dopaminergic neurons in the SN from MPTP toxicity, and all three compounds (SG, SS, and SC) showed significant protection in the striatum. Notably, SS demonstrated superior efficacy in suppressing MPTP-induced motor dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal death compared to SG and SC. Conclusions : These findings suggest that SS is the most effective formula among SG, SS, and SC for PD, indicating its potential role in the treatment of PD.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.251-262
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• 1999

In order to investigate pharmacological properties of New Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (NSCH) and Wonbang Woohwangchungsimwon Pill (SCH), the effects of NSCH and SCH on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system were compared. Cerebral ischemia insult was performed using unilateral carotid artery occlusion in mongolian gerbils. The histological observations showed preventive effects of NSCH and SCH treatments with ischemia-induced brain damage. The ATP in brain tissue was decreased in vehicle-treated ischemic gerbils. This decrease was prevented by SCH treatment. In contrast to what was inhibited by NSCH and SCH treatments. While NSCH and SCH had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, they prevented the seizures induced by electric shock and strychnine. NSCH and SCH showed sedative effect in rotarod and spontaneous activity test. Furthermore, NSCH and SCH showed anti-stress effect. Our findings suggest that the pharmacological profiles of NSCH on cerebral ischemia and central nervous system are similar to those of SCH.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권2호통권129호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2002

Previously, we have reported that the butanol fraction of the head of Panax ginseng had significant gastroprotective activity on gastritis and gastric ulcer models of rats. Considering the safety of the fraction for development of new anti-ulcerative agent or food supplement, general pharmacological study was carried on. The fraction was revealed that have no influence on spontaneous activity, phenobarbital-induced sleeping time, rotarod test, body temperature, gastro-intestinal motility, respiration and blood pressure. The fraction showed weak analgesic action in writhing syndrome and did not show any sign of acute toxicity in mice.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.260-263
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• 2003

Ethanol extract of the root of Clitoria ternatea Linn (CTEE) was evaluated for different neuropharmacological actions, such as general behaviour, exploratory behaviour, muscle relaxant activity and phenobarbitone induced sleeping time, in rats and mice. The extract was found to cause reduction in spontaneous activity, decrease in exploratory behavioural pattern by the head dip and Y- maze test, reduction in the muscle relaxant by rotarod, $30^{\circ}C$ inclined screen and traction tests. In addition CTEE significantly potentiated the phenobarbitone-induced sleeping time. Preliminary tests indicate that the ethanol extract of Clitoria ternatea Linn. At the doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg showed significant neuropharmacological activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.189-196
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• 1982

Piperine was reported to have a potential central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity in mice. In order to search a more active and less toxic compound than piperine and to elucidate the active group of piperine, the aromatic amides (10 compeunds) and aromatic esters (10 cempounds) of 3, 4-methylenedioxycinnamic acid were synthesized and evaluated on CNS depressant activity in comparison with piperine. The pharmacological tests conducted are as follows; (1) Acute, toxicity, (2) Antagonism against strychnine induced conduced convulsion, (3) Antagonism against maximal electrobhock seizure, (4) Rotarod test, (5) Potentiation of hexobarbital sleeping time. It was observed that 3, 4-methylendioxycinanamic acid derivatives were less toxic than piperine, and showed no significant CNS depressant activities. These facts indicate that the piperoyl group might be concerned with the pharmacological activity of piperine.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.471-479
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• 1995

The recombinant human epidermal growth factor(DWP 401) was investigated on the pharrnacological actions. DWP 401 had no effects on the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, locomotor activity, rotarod test, body temperature, analgesic action and anticonvulsant action in mice. It also had no influences on the isolated tracheal muscle and ileum of guinea-pig, isolated uterus and fundus strip of rats. Slight hypotensive action with effect on respiration was revealed at a dose of 8 g/kg i.v. of DWP 401 in rabbits. DWP 401 exhibited a weak inhibitory action of glucose tolerance in normal rats, significantly lowered the blood glucose contents in adrenalectomized rats at .a concentration of 160 g,/kg, and produced a significant inhibitory effect on leucocyte migration in CMC-pouch of rats at a concentration of 32 g/rat. Furthermore, DWP 401 showed a significant decrease on gastric juice volume and acidity. However. DWP 401 had no intestinal propulsion rate and influence on urine excretion.