• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.177-198
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• 2005

본 연구는 기업의 자본비용을 반영한 초과이익(excessive earnings)의 우리나라 주식시장에서 투자지표로서의 유용성에 대해서 분석하였다. 이를 위해서 주당초과이익과 함께 전통적인 성과지표인 주당순이익을 비교분석하였으며, 주된 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분석기간 중 주당순이익을 기준으로 보면 대부분의 기업들이 양(+)의 값을 가지는 것으로 나타났으나, 주당초과이익의 경우에는 대다수의 기업들에서 음(-)의 값을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기업들이 주주들에게 충분한 보상을 하지 못하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 주당초과이익(EES)은 전통적인 성과지표(EPS, ROE)보다 주식수익률과 상관관계가 높으며, 주당순이익에 비하여 주당초과이익을 기준으로 포트폴리오를 구성하는 경우에 보다 높은 초과수익률을 올릴 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 주당순이익 기준에 의한 하위집단의 누적평균초과수익률은 유의적으로 음의 값을 보이는 반면에 상위집단은 0과 차이를 보이지 않는다. 그러나 주당초과이익 상위집단의 수익률은 시장수익률보다 유의하게 높고 하위집단에서는 낮게 나타난다. 이는 주당순이익이 낮은 EPS 하위집단의 경우는 당기순손실이 주는 부정적 효과가 반영된 것으로 유추할 수 있으며, 투자지표로서는 EES가 유용한 것으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 기업의 진정한 부가가치 생산은 자본비용을 반영한 순이익이며, 제한적이지만 우리나라 주식시장에서 초과이익이 투자지표로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate food culture represented by the grain yard, water well, kitchen, and meat storage space which were depicted in the mural painting of An-Ak tomb No. 3. The mural paintings of An-Ak tomb No. 3 were compared with those of ancient Chinese tombs before the 4th century in order to understand their characteristics. Above all, the tomb murals describe the form and function of the stove (buttumak) as well as the cuisine using the cauldron (sot) and steamer (siru) in a very interesting manner. The meat storage space of An-Ak tomb No. 3 shows whole carcasses of animals such as roe deer, dog, and pig. However, Chinese murals show that while small animals such as soft-shelled turtle, fish, chicken, duck, pheasant, rabbit, etc. were stored as whole carcasses without being cut into pieces, large animals such as cows and pigs were slaughtered and each piece of their carcasses such as the head, thigh, meat loaf, and cardiopulmonary part was separately depicted. These tomb murals vividly describe the food culture of Koguryo and China before the 4th century.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze food intake patterns of individuals by age group. based on the nutrition counseling data from medical health examinations. The subjects were 5811 adults(3258 males and 2553 females) who had undergone comprehensive medical testing in Gyeonggi area, and were evaluated from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005. The survey samples were divided by age group: 30>, 30${\sim}$39, 40${\sim}$49, 50${\sim}$59, 60${\sim}$69, 70${\leq}$ years. The subjects were composed 56.1% male and 43.9% female. The results showed significant differences between the group for their intakes of several foods such as Seolleongtang, Samgyetang, canned foods, butter and cream bakery items, vegetables cereals and grain products but eggs, cod roe, kim-chi, salted pickled fish and seaweed showed no significant differences. As a result, nutritional imbalances among these age groups are expected for the future. In conclusion, this study showed there are age-related variations in the dietary patterns and age-specific nutritional education programs on adequate food intake are required.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2003

A promoter that is inducible by paraquat and menadione, the superoxide generators, independently of soxRS has been found in front of the sufABCDSE operon in Escherichia coli. Based on the observation that SufA is a holomog of IscA that functions in the assembly of iron sulfur cluster and the sufA promoter (sufAp) contains a putative Fur-binding consensus, we investigated whether this gene is regulated by Fur, a ferric uptake regulator, When examined in several sufAp-lacZ chromosomal fusion strains, sufAp was induced by EDTA, an iron chelator and a well-known Fur-inducer, The basal level of sufA expression increased dramatically in fur mutant, suggesting repression of sufAp by Fur. The derepression in fur mutant and EDTA-induction of sufA expression required nucleotides up to -61, where a putative Fur box is located. Purified Fur protein bound to the DNA fragment containing the putative Fur box between -35 and -10 promoter elements. The regulation by Fur and menadione induction of sufAp acted independently. The rpoS mutation increased sufA induction by menadione, suggesting that the stationary sigma factor RpoS acts negatively on sufA induction.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.318-330
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• 2011

This paper investigates the convergence characteristics of the modified artificial compressibility method proposed by Turkel. In particular, a focus is mode on the convergence characteristics due to variation of the preconditioning factor (${\alpha}_u$) and the artificial compressibility (${\beta}$) in conjunction with an upwind method. For the investigations, a code using the modified artificial compressibility is developed. The code solves the axisymmetric incompressible Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The cell-centered finite volume method is used in conjunction with Roe's approximate Riemann solver for the inviscid flux, and the central difference discretization is used for the viscous flux. Time marching is accomplished by the approximated factorization-alternate direction implicit method. In addition, Menter's k-${\omega}$ shear stress transport turbulence model is adopted for analysis of turbulent flows. Inviscid, laminar, and turbulent flows are solved to investigate the accuracy of solutions and convergence behavior in the modified artificial compressibility method. The possible reason for loss of robustness of the modified artificial compressibility method with ${\alpha}_u$ >1.0 is given.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 1990

To analyze wedding feast dishes of royal prince (1651, 1696) of Choson Dynasty, studied Gare Dogam Euigwae. Historic book 'Gare Dogam Euigwae' discribed wedding feast dishes of king‘s Choson Dynasty. The results obtained from this study are as follows. Dishes were arranged in four kinds of table, the first one called the main table, the second the right side table, the third the left side table, the fourth the confronting side table. Dishes of main table were oil and honey pastry, and fruits (pine nuts, orange, dried persimmon, torreya nuts, dried chestnut, jujube). Dishes of the second table and the third table were oil and honey pastry, and small cake made of honey and rice with patterns pressed in it. Dishes of the fourth table were cooked vegetable (wild ginseng, platy-codon, radish, white gourd melon, ginger), dried slices of meat seasoned with spices (abalone, octopus, shark, pheasant), cooked meat (wild goose, fowl, egg, pheasant, abalone), and fried fish (roe deer, fish, duck, pigeon, sparrow). The main table (同牢大宴床) and the second table (右挾床) stand as a symbol for integrity. The third table (左挾床) symbolize longerity. The fourth table (面挾床) symbolize bearing many young and connubial felicity.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.703-719
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• 2007

The purpose of this study were to analyze the consumption patterns of animal foods during the sixteenth century through Shamirok. There were eleven animal foods : beef, pork, chicken, pheasant, deer, roe, lamb, bear, fox, sparrow, and horse. The most frequently consumed were in the order of pheasant, doe, and chicken. There were 44 fish consumed, including flatfish, hairtail, mackerel, flounder, kumlin fish, bass, null fish, codfish, and red snapper, as well as four mollusks and six shellfish. Eggs and fish egg were also consumed. These foods were cooked as Tang(湯), Gui(灸), Po(脯), Hoe(膾), and Sookyook(熟肉), or processed after being dried or salted. The animal foods were mostly consumed as Po and Tang in daily eating and for formal dishes. Fish were mostly consumed as Jockgal or Shikhae. The foods were primarily acquired by donation from local officials or relatives ; secondly by independent poultry farming, fishing, or hunting, along with the production of grain and thirdly through barter with rice and textiles. Food were sometimes traded for profit, but such acts of trading while living ; as wartime refugees was a meager means for living.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

This study suggests the two types DEA models such as DEA CCR model and Super Efficiency model to evaluate the value of a company and to apply them for the investments. 14 kinds of real data of companies such as EV/EBITDA, EPS growth rate, PCR, PER, dividend yield, PBR, stock price/net current asset, debt ratio, current ratio, ROE, operating margin, inventory turnover, accounts receivable turnover, and sales growth ratio were used as input variables of DEA models. 12 year data from December 30, 2000 up to December 30, 2012 were collected, and the data with negative, missing and 0 values were removed reflecting the characteristics of the DEA. In order to verify the effectiveness of the models, we compared the historical variability and rate of return of both models those of the market. Study results are as follows. First, two DEA models are more stable than market in terms of rate of return because the historical variability of both models are less than that of market. Second, Super Efficiency model is more stable than CCR model. Lastly, the cumulative rate of return of Super Efficiency model (434%) is greater than that of the CCR model (420%) and that of the market (269%).

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.123-129
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• 1998

A numerical study has been conducted to investigate the effect of shock waves on the mixing and the recirculation zone of a hydrogen jet diffusion flame in a supersonic combustor. The general trends are compared with the experimental results obtained from the supersonic combustor at the University of Michigan. For the numerical simulation of supersonic diffusion flames, multi-species Navier-Stokes equations and detailed chemistry reaction equations of $H_2$-Air are considered. The $K-{\omega}/k-{\varepsilon}$ blended two equation turbulent model is used. Roe's FDS method and MUSCL method are used for convection fluxes in governing equations. Numerical results show that when slender wedges are mounted at the combustor wall the mixing and the combustion are enhanced and the size of recirculation zone is increased . The flame shape of supersonic flames is different in the flame-tip; it is not closed but open. The flame shape is shown to be greatly affected by shock waves.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.33-43
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate the importance of earnings quality as a determinant of companies' performance. It provides some empirical evidences from an emerging market, specifically from the Jordanian market. This study developed an econometric model for the effect of earnings quality on the companies' performance using empirical evidence. The study employs a panel data analysis method by using a sample of all Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) during 2010-2018. The results reveal that Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings Per Share (EPS) as proxies of company's performance are affected by the earnings quality. This provides the importance of positive earnings quality that eventually influences the companies' performance. The results of this study suggest that the higher control level on the managers' behavior and its outcome will have an effect on earnings quality, and thus the company's performance increases. As well as, high relevance of accounting information will improve earnings quality, and thus earnings quality with the interaction factors of the company's environment work on improving performance. As a conclusion, this study can work as a reference to assist standard setters, security analysts, regulators and other accounting-information users in appraising relation between the earnings quality and companies' performance.