• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.607-614
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• 2000

A cost-effective automated slope monitoring system is developed to monitor hazardous cut slopes along highways. This automated slope monitoring system consists of data-collection and visual monitoring, data-transmitting, database and internet service, and alarm system. Wire-line extensometer, automatic raingauge, and CCD camera are selected as monitoring instruments in this system, after consideration of failure characteristics of roadside cut slopes in the country. This paper describes the important features of this newly developed automated slope monitoring system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 1983

To develope the fundamental models suitable for slope stabilization and scenic effect improvement of the roadside slopes, this study has continuously been conducted for last about 10 years through the field survey and observations on the roadside slopes of 100 plots located in the Capital region. The results obtained could be summarized as follows: 1) In general, due to unsuitable treatments and constructions to the man-made bare slope characteristics of the roadsides, the treatment aims for stabilizing and improving the scenic beauty of the slopes have not been successfully reached in the surveyed regions. 2) Particularly, because of insufficiency of the follow-up maintenance techniques to the roadside slopes treated, denudations of slope scenery established as well as the withering of the vegetation planted have been accelerated for the most part of the slopes treated. 3) 6 fundamental models for the roadside slope treatments have been developed and could be edaptable to the nation-wide purposes. The fundamental models are the model of forest scenery match plantation, roadside scenery establishment, denuded land rehabilitation, rock slope greenification, absolute stabilization, and environmental plantation belt establishment, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2023

This study investigated and analyzed the effects of vegetation on the roadside slopes at the expressway construction sites in order to evaluate the vegetation recovery regarding soil type and revegetation technique. We selected two study sites with an area of 1,000 m² located in the construction sites of the Korea Expressway Corporation, named Hwado-Yangpyeong Expressway Section 3 and Saemangeum-Jeonju Expressway Section 7. The revegetation was monitored in three plot groups (earth, soft rock, and hard rock slopes), and scored based on the guideline of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. The revegatation was generally lower in the Hwado-Yangpyeong site than that of the Saemangeum-Jeonju site. The field monitoring indicated that the revegetation varied with slope aspect and environmental characteristics between plots. the Saemangeum-Jeonju site showed a high overall evaluation score, but there was a slight difference in the score for each plot. This seems to be due to the differences in geographical conditions, construction methods, and site environment between two sites. This study can provide basic information to understand the short-term effects of revegetation techniques in the roadside slopes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.3
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• pp.265-278
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to suggest objective basic data for the design and management of the national park roadside slopes through the quantitative analysis of the visual quality included in the physical environment of the Chi-ri national park, for this, visual volumes of physical elements have been evaluated by using the mesh analysis, spatial images structure of physical elements have been analyzed by factor analysis algorithm, and degree of visual quality have been measured mainly by questionnaires. Result of this thesis can be summarized as fallows. Visual volumes of the naked, rock, ground cover of seed spray, and artificial planting are found to be the main factor determining the visual quality. Factors covering the spatial image of the national park roadside slopes landscape have been found to be the overall synthetic evaluation, spatial, appeal, physical, openness and dignity factors such as the overall the spatial, physical and openness yield high factor scores. As for the factors determining the degree of visual quality of the roadside slopes, variables such as the summit, the constructions management, harmony of landscape, visual stability of roadside slopes, suitable artificial planting and suitable constructions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-91
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• 1991

This study is one of studies on the analysis of vegetation spatial image and visual preference of roadside slopes in Chi-Ri Mt. national park. In this article, we analized the soil characteristics and the actual vegetation within slopes and forest lands contiguous to those. The results obtained were summarized as follows; The physical and chemical properties of soil in forest lands were better than slopes and Cheoneun temple - Seongsam pass was the best fertilized among 3 sector. In the structure of woody plants in forest lands, the high importance value species were Pinus denciflora, Quercus aliena within Ukmojeong-Deokdong sector, Q. aliena, Q. varabilis, Q. serrata within Banseon-Seongsam pass sector, and P. denciflora, Q. dentata within Cheoneun temple-Seongsam pass sector. And also, Aster scaber, Arundinella hirta, Pteridium aquilinum were the high importance value herbs within all sector. In slopes, the species diversity indices of woody plants were low, but that of herbs showed slightly high. By the cluster analysis used in similarity index, it was observed that woody plants structure between slopes and forest lands made little, but the herbs made slightly higher than woody plants.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.294-299
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• 2020

Based on the combined results of field surveys and analyses of the road structure and traffic flow, we propose a new plan for reducing roadside non-point pollution in the Paldang Water Source Protection Zone. The results show that the soil surrounding the roads in Paldang is highly permeable, which mitigates the need for filtration facilities. Roads flanked by steep slopes are found to facilitate the reduction of non-point roadside pollution through vegetation and soils along road slopes without the need for pollution reduction facilities. These results highlight the need for a flexible roadside non-point pollution reduction plan for roadside non-point pollution, which can be tailored to compliment relevant regulations and design standards after analyzing the characteristics of the target road.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.3 s.39
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• pp.39-56
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to analyze the roadside slope of mountainous Parkway. 48 sites were selected by Random Ranking Sampling. This study was researched on the slope condition with the cause of occurrence, the situation of fundamental engineering works and vegetation on slopes. The main results of this research are summarized as follow ; 1. Slope shapes are shown nine types in cut slope and four types in fill slope. 2. Generally, fill slopes are larger than cut slopes in slop area. 3. Grade is more steep than standard grade. 4. Main engineering works, which constructed for slope stability, are terracing, side-ditch wall, channel, concrete trellis works and wire fence. 5. Roundabout channel were many constructed within the sector of Ukmojeong-Deokdong, but were few constructed within the sector of Banseon-Seongsam pass and Cheoneun Temple-Seongsam pass. 6. Most. of side-ditch wall were constructed of concrete and wet-masonry. 7. In vegetation works, many exterior species were selected. 8. Planting pattern was not combinated with the national park landscape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.527-534
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• 2000

136 cut slopes which extends from Namyangju to Chunchon city along the 46th national highway were investigated to analyze the influence factors affecting slope instability. Geologic and geotechnical conditions were examined and the detailed investigation were carried out for fifty five failed slopes. failure mode (wedge failure, planar failure, circular failure, sheet eroison and rock falls) are examined with respect to slope inclination, rock type, weathering grade and discontinuity patterns. It is suggested that the failure modes and their dimensions have relations to the morphology and geologic conditions of the slopes. Wedge failure has highest is the most frequent failure mode and falls, sheet erosions, planar failures and circular in descending order of failure percentage. Wedge failure is most dominant failure type over all lithology except quartzite formation. In slopes of well foliated and banded gneiss, failure ratio of wedge is up to 50% ca. Failure ratio(number of rock fall/number of total failure) of rock fall increases with increase fo slope inclinations and decrease of weathering grade. Dimension analyses of failed slopes shows wedge and circular failure has higher value of D/L and D/H than planar failure and sheet erosion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.84-95
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• 2001

This study was conducted to suggest the ecological restoration methods for the decomposed granite roadside cutslopes by Natural Topsoil Restoration Methods(NTRM). Four woody species, 3 shrub species, 4 native grasses, 8 wild flowers and 2 cool-season grasses were used. The experiment was conducted with the purpose of developing ecological restoration techniques by achieving following objectives for restoration by using native woody plants, shrubs, native plants and wild flowers; (1) prevention or reduction of wind and water erosion, (2) provision of food and cover for variety of animal species, (3) improvement of the visual or aesthetic quality of disturbed sites. The main results were summarized as follows. 1. Restoring naturalness to human-altered landscapes are important to protecting the worlds biodiversity. In this study, to restore or create an ecological community use as full a complement of native species as possible. Ecological restoration means returning a specific sites to its predisturbance condition. 2. Some species which are introduced first may inhibit the germination and growth of slower-growing species, or they may prevent the growth of other species whose propagules arrive later. In this study, cool season grasses was used small amount than native plants and woody species, because and Indigofera pseudo-tintoria grows well. Tall fescue and perennial ryegrass shows quick germination, but they could not inhibit the other species growing relatively slow. Pinus thunbergii used at Gonam near the ocean was suppressed by the other plants, so it can be concluded that using container seedlings is effective than seeding. 4. Ailanthus altissima, Albizzia julibrissin, Rhus chinensis Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and Indigofera pseudo-tinctoria were germinated. In wild flowers, Coreopsis lanceolata, Dianthus sinensis, Coreopsis tinctoria, and Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus grew well and show enough plant height which will not suppressed by shrub and woody plants. After one year, native grasses such as Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens and Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii cover the slopes well. 5. 25 herbaceous plants such as Trifolium repens, Arthraxon hispidus, Barbarea orthocerae, Potentilla fragarioides, Lepidium apetalum, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum, Glycine soja, Rubus crataegifolius and 4 woody species such as Lespedeza maximowiczii, Robinia pseudoacacia, Symplocos Chinensis, Quercus acutissma were invaded. 6. Ecological restoration works by Natural Topsoil Restoration Methods for revegetation of the decomposed granite roadside cutslopes were successfully accomplished. It prevents surface water erosion and shows diverse vegetation structure. It will be successful to restore decomposed granite cutslopes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.