• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.26-27
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• 2019

This study is to calculate the Real-Time contact point of ellipses between the vessels ships by Ship's Bumper Theory. The Real-Time contact point of ship's bumper ellipses can be used the important tool to feel the perceived risk evaluation of ship's collision risk by VTS operator. In this paper, The warning information to feel the risk of collision between the vessels in advance is able to help them for VTS operation, We will study the technique to certify the perceived risk of collision from several different angles by programming.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2006

In this study ship collision risk analysis is performed to determine the design vessel for collision impact analysis of the maritime bridge. Method II which is a probability based analysis procedure is used to select the design vessel for collision impact from the risk analysis results. The analysis procedure, an iterative process in which a computed annual frequency of collapse(AF) is compared to the acceptance criterion, includes allocation method of acceptance criterion of annual frequency of bridge component collapse. The AF allocation by weights seems to be more reasonable than the pylon concentration allocation method because this AF allocation takes the design parameter characteristics quantitatively into consideration although the pylon concentration allocation method brings more economical results when the overestimated design collision strength of piers compared to the strength of pylon is moderately modified. From the assessment of ship collision risk for each bridge pier exposed to ship collision, a representative design vessel for all bridge components is selected. The design vessel size varies much from each other in the same bridge structure depending upon the vessel traffic characteristics.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.56-64
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• 2016

Damage of sea-crossing bridge by ship collision is related to estimate frequencies of overloading due to impact, and bridge accordingly must be designed to satisfy related acceptance criteria. Another important aspect is the management on increment of collision risk during the service period. In this study, related plan, main span length, air draft clearance and collision risk are analyzed for the interim assessment of Incheon Bridge focusing on the ship collision problem. In particular, for the increment of collision risk, the optimized navigation speed is proposed by reviewing the research findings and navigation guidelines etc. as a temporary expedient. Also basic procedure for reasonable prediction of target vessel and passage is established and probabilistic prediction method to embrace the uncertainty of the prediction is proposed as a fundamental solution. It is necessary to conduct further research on collision risk management and promptly carry out interim assessments of other marine bridges.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.475-480
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a collision risk assesment system. First, using Kalman Filter, we estimate the information of pedestrian, and second, we compute the collision probability using Monte Carlo Simulations(MCS) and neural network(NN). And we update the collision risk using time history which is called belief. Belief update consider not only output of Kalman Filter of only current time step but also output of Kalman Filter up to the first time step to current time step. The computer simulations will be shown the validity of our proposed method.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.279-284
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• 2012

This study aims to identify the degree of safety when mariners take their actions in several different situations. We have carried out many experiments to observe mariners' behavior and then measured the safety level based on their actions to avoid dangerous situations of ships collision. One of the most important actions that mariners have to take, either as their daily routine or when they are in a collision situation and then want to avoid that situation is the lookout. In this paper, behaviors on the lookout have been defined as a standard sequence of three steps which are "time of first detection", "time of recognition as risky vessel" and "time of starting avoiding action", and the suitability and applicability of the definition have been shown. And also we propose the risk assessment on ships collision and the recommendation for reducing ships collision at sea. Some analyzing results and the application of the results are reported. By combining these knowledge and some systematic studies, we propose the risk assessment on ships collision and the recommendation for reducing ships collision at sea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.62-63
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• 2009

A monitoring system of collision risk among multiple ships is newly-designed in order to reduce human error and make vessel traffic control more effective. By using AIS data as ships' navigational information, an estimation algorithm of collision risk among multiple ships is newly-designed. To consider ships' course of now and future, collision risks of multiple ships can be calculated by using fuzzy algorithm. To test the performance of new algorithm, replay simulations are carried out on actual AIS data collected from VTS center of Ulsan harbor in Korea. The AIS data include 25 ships' information for two hours. In this paper, the features of newly-designed estimation algorithm of collision risk and the results of replay simulation are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.644-655
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• 2020

This study focuses on the margin of human error when a navigator is embarrassed by the psychological fear of collision in a close-quarter situation (CQS) and is unable to perform as per the prescribed collision avoidance measures. The purpose of the study is to identify the effects of the navigator's personal characteristics or factors in relation to on-board career (OC), license rating (LR), and age on the perceived collision risk (PCR) in CQSs. In order to obtain quantified data regarding the collision risk perceived by the navigator in four typical CQSs between their own ship and a target ship, this study measured and collated the heart rate variability of 30 navigators on their own ship when two ships approached each other at a speed of 10 knots from 2.5 nautical miles to a collision situation. According to a multiple regression analysis of the measured values, the navigators' OC and LR factors had negative effects on the PCR, while the age factor had no significant effect on PCR. The t-test results showed that the PCR value was significantly higher for navigators with an OC ≤ 4 years than for those with an OC ≥ 5 years, and the LR factor was significantly higher for a class 4~6 group than for a class 2~3. This finding may be applied to the development of collision risk warning systems, particularly for navigators.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2006

The purpose of RVSM is to reduce vertical separation minima for aircrafts which operate between FL290- FL410 inclusive in regional airspace, and to increase airspace capacity by providing additional flight levels. In order to introduce RVSM, it is necessary to estimate quantitatively airborne collision risk due to the reduction in vertical separation minimum. In this study, the basic concept of RVSM safety assessment and Reich collision risk model are introduced and mid-air collision risk in Incheon FIR is estimated based on ICAO RVSM safety assessment technique and Reich Model.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2014

This paper proposes the Collision Prevention System based on Fuzzy which reasons a risk with the location information of vehicles and pedestrians and prevents collision between vehicles, and between a vehicle and a pedestrian with the reasoned risk. The proposed system provides three functions. First, it identifies a pedestrian's location with his smart phone and a vehicle's location with the GPS equipped in the vehicle. and transfers the identified information to their neighbors. Second, it makes a vehicle and a pedestrian reason a risk by considering a moving direction, a moving speed and road information. Third, it provides a vehicle and a pedestrian with the reasoned information such as route detour, speed reduction, etc. Therefore, the proposed collision prevention system based on Fuzzy not only prevents collision accidents beforehand by reasoning a risk, but also reduces a variety of losses by protecting traffic accident and congestion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

In the decision of a collision avoidance action for navigators and intellignet ships, it is necessary to evaluate the degree of surrounding risks effectively. We propose the new risk evaluation technique in two dimensions using Even Risk Contour on the basis of the concept of contour line. In this paper, we introduce the algorithms ofERC and Approach Velocity(AV) and show their application for avoiding traffic collision at sea.