• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 1997

Maximum likelihood and jackknife estimators of the location and scale parameters and right-tail probability in the truncated arcsine distribution are proposed, and we shall compare the performances of the proposed estimators in terms of bias and mean squared error.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.409-420
• /
• 1996

Consumer's perceptions of the qualities of food and food-related services were surveyed through questionnaires by 672 adults randomly selected from 20 industrial foodservice in Pusan and Kyeung Nam area. The results are as follows: 1) By age, the elderly group gaved the highest mean score not only for freshness and temperature among the food characteristics but also for cleanliness of dishes and materials of dishes among the food-related service. 2) By occupation, the white collar worker group gaved the highest mean score in all characteristics of food and food-related service than did the blue collar worker group. Especially for courtesy of employees, the mean rating given by the white collar worker group was 3.15/5.00, but by the blue collar worker group was 2.67/5.00. 3) Good appetitive group rated taste of food 3.15/5.00, quality of food vs. food price 3.17/5.00, and freshness 3.15/5.00. But poor appetitive group rated taste of food 2.44/5.00, quality of food vs. food price 2.65/5.00, and freshness 2.70/5.00. 4) Men agreed that the rice and soup were right in amount. And women responded that the rice was in a large amount and the soup was not enough. 5) The white collar worker group agreed that the rice, the soup, the side dish, and the kimchi were right in amount. However the blue collar worker group agreed that the rice was right in amount, the soup and the side dish were not enough, and the kimchi was in a large amount. For seasoning of food, the white collar worker group responded that the salty taste and the hotness were just right. But the blue collar worker group responded that the food was neither salty nor hot at all. 6) The taste of food was shown to be positively correlated (p<0.001) with various food item combinations, freshness of food, and the variety of cooking methods.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제47권2호
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of panoramic imaging in measuring the right and left gonial angles by comparing the measured angles with the angles determined using a lateral cephalogram of adult patients with class I malocclusion. Materials and Methods: The gonial angles of 50 class I malocclusion patients (25 males and 25 females; mean age: 23 years) were measured using both a lateral cephalogram and a panoramic radiograph. In the lateral cephalograms, the gonial angle was measured at the point of intersection of the ramus plane and the mandibular plane. In the panoramic radiographs, the gonial angle was measured by drawing a line tangent to the lower border of the mandible and another line tangent to the distal border of the ascending ramus and the condyle on both sides. The data obtained from both radiographs were statistically compared. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the gonial angle measured using the lateral cephalograms and that determined using the panoramic radiographs. Further, there was no statistically significant difference in the measured gonial angle with respect to gender. The results also showed a statistically insignificant difference in the mean of the right and the left gonial angles measured using the panoramic radiographs. Conclusion: As the gonial angle measurements using panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms showed no statistically significant difference, panoramic radiography can be considered in orthodontics for measuring the gonial angle without any interference due to superimposed images.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.122-128
• /
• 1993

This series compromised 31 patients with pulmonary hypertension of 282 patients of ventricular septal defect(VSD) who underwent operation at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in Chonnam University Hospital, from January, 1986 to December, 1991. Pulmonary hypertension was noted in 59 of 280 cases of VSD. Of them, 31 cases underwent cardiac catheterization on postoperative 8th to 77th month. Age at operation was ranged from 10 months to 29 years (mean 9.13 years). 17 patients were male and 14 patients were female. Results of follow-up studies were as follows: Cardiothoracic ratio was decreased from 0.59${\pm}$0.04 to 0.54${\pm}$0.03 (p=NS). Postoperative systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPs), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPm), and systolic right ventricular pressure (RVPs) were decreased significantly (p<0.001). And also Rp/Rs was decreased from 0.37${\pm}$0.21 to 0.14${\pm}$0.06 (p<0.02). However, systemic arterial pressure (SAP), right atrial pressure (RAP), and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were changed insignificantly. There were significant relations of follow-up period with the decrement of PAP(p<0.005). In contrary, ther were no relations between the decrement of PAP and the age at operation. These data suggested that the long-term hemodynamic changes remained to be determined in some of the patients, even though they Were asymptomatic, with pulmonary hypertension.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제25권12호
• /
• pp.1563-1569
• /
• 1992

From Jan. 1981 to Dec. 1991, we had treated 25 patients with congenital coronary art-eriovenous fistulas [CAVF] in Seoul National University Hospital. A retrospective review was made to delineate the course and the management of CAVF and to clarify the role of surgical treatment. Fifteen patients were male and 10 were female with The mean age of 17.4 years[from 3 months to 58 years]. The most frequent symptom was dyspnea on exertion[56%]. Other symptoms were angina and palpitation. Sixty-eight percent of the patients were symptomatic. Fifty-three percent of patients less than 20 years old were symptomatic and 100% of patients over 20 years old were symptomatic. Three patients had multiple CAVFs. The fistula drained into the right ventricle in 13, pulmonary artery in 9, left ventricle in 4, right atrium in 2, and left atrium in 1. Thirteen patients had other associated cardiac lesions. The mean pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow[Qp /Qs] in the isolate CAVF group was 2.19. All patients were operated on to correct the fistulas and other associated cardiac lesions. All patients were followed from 1 month to 11 years without late death. Postoperative complication rate was 24% -significant arrhythmia [3], recurred CAVF[1], psychosis[1], pneumonia [1]. Symptomatic improvement was evident postoperatively. Below 20 years old, 94% of patients were asymptomatic, but above 20 years old, symptoms persisted in 25%. In summary, early elective repair of CAVF is indicated in all patients because of higher complication rate and frequent persistent symptoms in older patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.234-245
• /
• 1989

Between January 1984 and December 1986, sixty nine patients, aged 16 months to 25 years [mean age 10.05*6.40 years], underwent total correction of tetralogy of Fallot in Kyungpook national university hospital. In 66 hospital survivors, 30 patients were followed up for 12 to 48 months [mean 30.10*10.26 months]. These 30 patients were classified in two groups, TAP [transannular patch] and Non-TAP group. There were 9 patients in TAP group, and 21 in Non-TAP group. There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of age at operation, follow up duration, ACC time, and bypass time. All patients were evaluated by two dimensional echocardiography, Doppler echocardiography, standard 12-lead electrocardiography, and plain chest X-ray. Right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary arterial systolic pressure, pressure gradient between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, presence or absence of pulmonary regurgitation and its grading, fractional shortening of the left ventricle, and Qp/Qs in case of remnant ventricular septal defect were obtained by echocardiographic examination. Cardiothoracic ratio was measured by plain chest film, and ventricular dysrrhythmia was detected by electrocardiogram. Comparing the data between two groups, there was significant difference in incidence of postoperative pulmonary regurgitation [p< 0.05], 100%[9/9] in TAP group and 47.6 %[10/21] in Non-TAP group, but all the regurgitations were not severe. There were no significant differences in other comparisons, despite of higher incidence of cardiomegaly in TAP group [CT ratio: 59.3*5.3% VS 54.7*6, 4 %].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제26권12호
• /
• pp.926-933
• /
• 1993

We experienced 20 patients with Takayasu`s disease who required 22 surgical procedures for critical arterial stenoses, aneurym of descending thoracic aorta, and aortic regurgitation from 1986 to 1993.Five patients had type I arteritis, seven patients had type II , seven patients had type III, and one patients had type IV.15 patients were female and 5 patients were male.Patients` ages ranged from 17 to 47 years and mean age was 29.1 years. The surgical procedures were as follows;autotransplantations of kidney[3], aortic valve replacements[2], ascending aorta-bilateral internal carotid artery bypasses[2], unilateral renal artery bypasses[2], bilateral renal artery bypasses[3], replacement of descending thoracic aorta[1], ascending aorta-abdominal aorta bypass[1], ascending aorta-right internal carotid artery bypass[1], ascending aorta-right internal carotid artery and left subclavian artery bypass[1], left common carotid artery-left-subclavian artery bypass[1], pulmonary artery angioplasty[1], left femoro-bilateral axillary bypass[1] and others[2]. There was no hospital death.Mean duration of follow-up was 42.7 months[ranged from 3 to 96 months].There was one late death and late mortality rate is 5.9%.Two patients was underwent second vascular procedures, one after 5 years and the other after 5 months.The other patients have done well after surgery.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 1985

This study was designed to investigate the side shift of orbiting condylar movement by direct measurements from tracings of Denar pantograph. It is well known that side shift has much influence on the articulating surface of teeth. In this study, after locating the ture hinge axis point with Denar hinge axis locatior, the recordings of Mandibular movement were obtained from Denar pantographic recording assembly, and immediate side shift and progressive side shift were measured. For this study, 20 dental studnts who have no missing teeth and no difficulties of mandibular movement and 4 patients who were, treated by occlusal therapy were selected. The results obtained were as follows, 1. The prevalence of immediate side shift was 42%, and the immediate side shift of greater than 0.5mm was only 17%. 2. The mean of immediate side shift (20 of 48) was 0.38mm, that of right lateral excursion (7 of 24) was 0.27mm, and that of left lateral excursion (13 of 24) was 0.44mm. 3. The mean of progressive side shift was $7.21^{\circ}$ that of right lateral excursion was $6.46^{\circ}$, and that of left lateral excursion was $7.96^{\circ}$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.753-759
• /
• 1989

Recently, the arterial switch operation has received more interest and increased application for many patients with TGA [Transposition of the Great Arteries]. Not all patients, however, are suitable candidates for this approach, and its success will be measured against the Senning procedure. From June 1982 through June 1989, 48 consecutive patients underwent correction of TGA by a modification of the Senning procedure in our hospital. 34 were males and 14 females, with ages ranging from 3 months to 99 months [mean age 14 months]. The patients were divided into two groups, group I [TGA with intact ventricular septum or without significant pulmonary hypertension] and group II [TGA with significant pulmonary hypertension]. The hospital mortality was 9.5 % in group I and 55.6 % in group lI. 31 patients were discharged from the hospital after a Senning operation and have been followed a mean of 31.2 months. There were 5 late deaths, 3 in group I and 2 in group II. All patients were followed up with EKG, echocardiogram, and in several cases, Holter monitor and cardiac catheterization and angiography were also performed. There have been arrhythmias in 7, superior vena caval obstruction in 5, pulmonary venous obstruction in 2 and tricuspid insufficiency and/or right ventricular dysfunction in 16 patients. The Senning operation for Simple TGA can be performed with a low operative mortality and morbidity, but tricuspid insufficiency and/or depressed right ventricular function can be a problem with prolonged follow up.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권7호
• /
• pp.729-735
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of iron supplement for 4 weeks on iron status, immunity, and antioxidant status of national female soccer players (n = 25). This study was performed at summer hard training period right before competition. A single blind design was used to divide the subjects into iron-supplement (IS) or placebo group (P). Iron-supplement group was supplemented with iron (40 mg/d) for 4 weeks. The mean age of the subjects was 23.3 $\pm$ 2.5 years old. Mean height and body weight of the subjects were 164.4 $\pm$ 5.7 em and 57.4 $\pm$ 4.6 kg, respectively. The mean carrier as soccer player was 11.0 $\pm$ 2.6 years and mean training time was 7.0 $\pm$ 1.3 hr/day. The mean hemoglobin, hematocrit, total iron binding capacity and ferritin concentrations before iron supplementation were not different between two groups. After 4 weeks of summer training and iron supplementation, serum ferritin level was significantly increased only in IS group after supplementation. Mean corpuscular volume and total iron binding capacity were significantly decreased in both groups. Meanwhile, hemoglobin and red blood cell count were significantly lowered only in placebo group. The IgM concentration increased significantly in both groups, but IgG concentration had increasing tendency only in IS group (p < 0.064). Therefore, iron supplementation during hard training period may be helpful to improve work capacity of the athletes by improving ferritin status and humoral immune responses.