• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1042-1055
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to consider the formative characteristics of dance sports from such points of view as shapes, colors, material and decorations, and to examine artistic characteristics that are expressed through those elements. As a result, this study shows five artistic characteristics as follows; First, rhythmic characteristic is expressed with repeat of lines that is formed by pleats, shirring or gather, with duplication of ruffle's wave, with gradation of colors, with Moire-effect that is generated with overlap of see-through material, with glossy material that reflects lights to a great extent, with fringe. Second, bodily characteristic emphasizes the beauty of human bodies through direct or indirect body exposure by way of cut-and-open, see-throughness or close adhesion. Third, decorative characteristic is shown with beads, fringe, ruffle, embroidery, shirring, binding, or feather. Fourth, the beauty of female body is manifested to express eroticism, which is culminated by body exposure, body consciousness, use of illuminating or see-through material or colorful trimming. Finally, elegant characteristic is revealed through feminity, sophistication, and harmony that are expressed with black and white colors, see-through material, or bead trimmings.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study for the development of quadruped walking robot. To understand the walking posture of a tetrapod animal, we begin with a careful observation on the skeletal system of tertapod animals. From taking a side view of their skeletal system, it is noted that their fore limbs and hind limbs perform characteristic roles during walking. Moreover, the widths of footprints and energy efficiency in walking have a close relationship through taking a front view of their walking posture. According to these observations, we present a control method where the kinematical solutions are not necessary because we develop a new rhythmic gait pattern for the quadruped walking robot. Though the proposed control method and rhythmic pattern are simple, they can provide the suitable motion planning for the robot since the resultant movement is based on the animal's movements. The validity of the proposed idea is demonstrated through dynamic simulations.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2010

The two new female cases of Angelman syndrome (AS) were described, which diagnosed on the basis of clinical features (dysmorphic facial features, severe mental retardation with absent speech, peculiar jerky movements, ataxic gait and paroxysms of inappropriate laughter) and neurophysiological findings. Failure to detect the deletion of the long arm of chromosome 15 or the absence of epileptic seizure were not considered sufficient to exclude a diagnosis of AS. Feeding problems, developmental delay and early signs of ataxia, especially tremor on handling objects and unstable posture when seated, proved effective as the clinical markers for early diagnosis of AS. Most of the authors agreed about the existence of three main EEG patterns in AS which may appear in isolation or in various combinations in the same patient. The most frequently observed pattern in children has prolonged runs of high amplitude rhythmic 2-3 Hz activity predominantly over the frontal region with superimposed interictal epileptiform discharges. High amplitude rhythmic 4-6 Hz activity, prominent in the occipital regions, with spikes, which can be facilitated by eye closure, is often seen in children under the age of 12 years. The EEG findings are characteristic of AS when seen in the appropriate clinical context and can be helpful to identify AS patients at an early age when genetic counselling may be particularly important.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.269-279
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• 2011

This study was analyzed the characteristics on the stability of posture while conducting a through two and half rotation technic of pench$\acute{e}$ in rhythmic gymnastics. Two rhythmical gymnastics player(LKH and SSJ) who is a member of the national team were selected, and for obtain the kinematic and kinetic variables were used a ProReflex MCU 240 infrared camera(Qualisys, Sweden) and a Type9286A force platform(Kistler, Switzerland). The mechanical factors were computed by using Visual3D program and Matlab R2009a. During the landing and rotation phase the results showed following characteristics; 1) In medial-lateral and horizontal displacement of the support foot, LKH showed smaller movement than SSJ, but SSJ showed smaller movement than LKH in swing foot. LKH showed bigger movement in medial-lateral axis of COP and vertical axis of COG, but SSJ showed bigger movement in horizontal axis of COP and medial-lateral axis of COG. 2) SSJ showed bigger maximum horizontal and vertical velocity at P1 and P2 than LKH. 3) In the inclination angle of COP and COG, SSJ showed smaller change than LKH, but within medial-lateral tilt of the shoulder, LKH performed rotation motion in horizontal position than SSJ. There was no differences in each force components during rotation, but on landing phase, the results showed a characteristic that SSJ exerted bigger breaking force and vertical force than LKH.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.535-546
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• 2017

This study considers direction types and formative characteristics by analyzing natural objets in contemporary fashion window display. The research methods are both literature review and content analysis based on images of contemporary fashion window display. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the direction types of natural objets in contemporary fashion window display expand objective outlines by maximizing the morphological form of objects. Second, a rhythmic sense expressed through a gradual repetition of patterns or a sequential arrangement of natural objects. Third, it represents a reversal of image accomplished through a modification of material on the natural objects. Fourth, a new space is created by transforming two dimensional forms of natural objects. The first formative characteristic of natural objects in contemporary fashion window display is exaggeration. This is expressed through either the expansion of the external volume, the collapsed form of natural objects, or the distortion of external colors. Second, it is a dynamics. This makes it possible to recall the dynamic image of the integration of the observer with a priori thinking by systematically sequencing objects or inducing a specific motion. Third, it is an abstraction. This provides an opportunity for the observer to find in a natural beauty by exchanging physical form or reinterpreting characteristic points. Fourth, it concerns eclecticism characteristic that objects created through the mutual fusion of heterogeneous elements indicates an aesthetic inspiration in a limited space by diverting conventional thinking toward natural objects with expansion of consciousness on formative arts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.9
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• pp.50-59
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• 2011

Recently the word "digital" is widely used in almost every field and is dominating this generation. Digital has become the most significant characteristic representing the 21st century, and is leading change across wide range of our life-styles in our culture and thoughts. New art is in harmony with digital in the 21st century. Digital photography is simpler, faster and newer than the analog system of the past. From ancient times, the nature has been the subject of art, and many designers have studied the ways to create beauty from nature. In this study, I chose the lotus as the subject material of textile design development. The lotus invokes a sense of stillness, and nestles many fluid elements, including the curved fluid lotus, rhythmic lotus petal, sinuous lotus leaf, radial vein, lotus pip and oval seed. Therefore, I tried to use these elements of lotus for development of textile design. For this purpose, I photographed the lotus with a digital camera as equipment of design development. Then, on computer, I have developed six textile designs through the process of modification and editing by using the adobe illustrator program.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.327-332
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• 2016

Sting (Gordon Sumner) is a British musician and singer-songwriter. He was the principal songwriter, lead singer, and bassist for the new wave rock band 'The Police' from 1977 to 1984, before launching a solo career in 1985. With his stylish and sophisticated sensibility and musical spectra, he achieved 100 million album sales. In this thesis, after he disbanded the group THE POLICE, his career as a solo artist with his wide variety of musical colors has been acknowledged for his reputation over more than 30 years. Therefore, I analyze 'Sting' of music included in 'Straight To My Heart' and 'Be Still My Beating Heart' in. Songs in indicate that the drum part the tunes that there is in a record doesn't break away from the basic way of music. The role of the whole rhythm division through the various percussions or can see a synthesizer than the role as the cord musical instrument that there are lots of tunes placing a great deal of weight on the role as the rhythmic musical instrument more. The unique instrument-based rhythm of the early Sting and role dispensation create a unique sound that is quite different from what the musician subsequently recorded. The feature and rhythmic characteristic, which is the arrangement that appeared outstandingly in this record, I am trying to explain about the way in which I lead the basic flow of the tune through the rhythm division of the other musical instruments which I split that is, the drum beat and break away from a rhythm from the divided general way and include a percussion.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1634-1641
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• 2000

Objective : The cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) pulsates within the craniospinal axis in response to rhythmic cerebral blood volume variation during the cardiac cycle. The aim of this study is to characterize the normal and abnormal CSF flow and its waveforms in the cervical spinal subarachnoid space. Methods : The magnetic resonance(MR) images were obtained with 1.5 T(GE Signa, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, USA) unit using the 2 dimensional cine PC(phase contrast) sequence with cardiac gating and gradient recalled echo imaging. This pulse sequence yielded 16 quantitative flow-encoded images per cardiac cycle. Sagittal and axial images of the cervical spinal CSF space were obtained, and target sites were analyzed for characteristic CSF flow (TR=50ms, TE=12.5-15ms). The region of interest(ROI) was 1mm 3 in volume. Twenty six persons were included in this study : 10 healthy volunteers and 16 patients with cervical myelopathy. The post-operative cine MR study were also done in five patients. Results : The normal CSF pulsation dynamics in the cervical spine showed discrete systolic and diastolic components. The CSF flow revealed a sine wave pattern, in which the systolic phase was shorter than the diastolic phase(ratio=2 : 3). The patient group revealed decreased amplitudes of the CSF flow and irregularly distored flow waves. The systolic phase was elongated in the ROI above the stenotic level, whereas the diastolic phase was lengthened below the level. In the postoperative images, the abnormal pattern and amplitude were found to be corrected. Conclusion : From these results, the authors believe that the CSF flow study provides valuable informations regarding the extent of cervical stenosis and may be useful for the surgical planning and post-operative evaluation.

• Advances in biomechanics and applications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.127-141
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• 2014

A preliminary study of a new pulsatile pump that will work to a frequency greater than 1 Hz, is presented. The fluid-structure interaction between a Newtonian blood flow and a piston drive that moves with periodic speed is simulated. The mechanism is of double effect and has four valves, two at the input flow and two at the output flow; the valves are simulated with specified velocity of closing and reopening. The simulation is made with finite elements software named COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3 to resolve the flow in a preliminary planar configuration. The geometry is 2D to determine areas of high speeds and high shear stresses that can cause hemolysis and platelet aggregation. The opening and closing valves are modelled by solid structure interacting with flow, the rhythmic opening and closing are synchronized with the piston harmonic movement. The boundary conditions at the input and output areas are only normal traction with reference pressure. On the other hand, the fluid structure interactions are manifested due to the non-slip boundary conditions over the piston moving surfaces, moving valve contours and fix pump walls. The non-physiologic frequency pulsatile pump, from the viewpoint of fluid flow analysis, is predicted feasible and with characteristic of low hemolysis and low thrombogenesis, because the stress tension and resident time are smaller than the limit and the vortices are destroyed for the periodic flow.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.49
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• pp.5-47
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• 2013

Among the styles of performing arts, perhaps the genre that has attracted the largest audience would be musical. Popularity of musical has brought diverse changes in our performing arts market, and, upon emerging another musical genre, called 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy,' it has been well-received by the audiences. 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' is a word that are formed by merging two other terms such as 'Korean Traditional Music' and 'Musical (Comedy).' In the meantime, however, it has yet some problems in order to be defined as the genre that has concrete concepts. It is because the term such as Korean Traditional Musical Comedy was created being closely associated with a marketing purpose rather than a term that defines the characteristics of a genre of performing arts. Although this new musical genre has drawn attentions of many audiences by adding 'Musical Comedy' to 'Korean Traditional Music' that was not quite popular to the public, it still does not have any established forms so that there is a fine line between "Korean Traditional Musical Comedy" and another genre like traditional style folk opera ("Changgeuk"). Looking at the characteristics of the musical work called 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy, in general, first of all, it is a performance where music and drama are played. Here, the distinctive characteristic of this musical is that 'Korean Traditional Music' is sung. And the kinds of Korean traditional musics being sung are mainly Pansori (dramatic story-singing) and folk-songs, and, in most cases, Korean traditional musical instruments are being used as accompanying music. In this paper, the researcher investigated the aspects of experiment centering around Korean Musical Group, Taroo. These days, various experiments has been repeated not only for the works of Taroo but other musical work presently called 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' also. Having encompassed overall performance factors including use of musical instruments, dance, acting, materials for drama as well as music in drama, the researcher has gone through experiments repeatedly. Meanwhile, however, the subject matters that make 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' mostly attractive to the audiences are music and songs or sounds. ["Sori" also called "Chang" (唱)] Particularly, under the current situation of our musicals, the role of "Sori" is extremely important. The factor that plays absolutely most important role in acceptance and transformation of "Sori" is the created Pansori. Since the created Pansori is composed with new rhythmic patterns and new narrative poems, it tells the present story. Also it draws good responses from the audiences owing to easy conveyance of dialogues. And, its new style brings diversification to organization of musical instruments, so then this leads to the arrangements of music for Korean traditional music instruments, as well as instrumental music ensemble, orchestra, and jazz band, etc. Likewise, upon appearing creative musics in 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy,' professional music and vocal compositions have begun to emerge naturally. And, the song specialist and writer, of course, staffs including direction, lighting, and sounds, etc are required. That is, professional composition method are forced to be introduced to all areas. Other than this, there are many music pieces which are based on our unique songs and sounds ("Sori") and such traditional factors as use of lead singer for ceremony or chorus, and the method that puts weight on Pansori. Accordingly many things accomplished. However, it is required that 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' go through numerous discussions and more experiments. Above all, the most important things are the role of actor and actress, and their changes, and training of actor and actress further. Good news is there are good audience responses. 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' is an open genre. As musicals are divided into several domains according to the characteristics thereof, 'Korean Traditional Musical Comedy' will be able to show its distinctive features in various styles according to embodiment.