• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.117-142
• /
• 2012

This study analyzes the relevance of retention period assigned for each unit task based on the table of records management standards that has been used in schools around the country since January 2011. Retention period, which used to be appropriated on the basis of a record file in the classification scheme, has been re-appropriated on the basis of unit tasks after the table of records management standards have been introduced. However, the new retention period of school records directly apply the 7 retention periods defined for public institutions according to Public Records Management Act. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the relevance of retention period for school records appropriated for unit task from various angles regarding laws, indexes, survey results, overseas cases.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.239-250
• /
• 2011

A photovoltaic powered ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis system was tested with a number of natural groundwaters in Australia. The objective of this study was to compare system performance at six remote field locations by assessing the impact of water composition and fluctuating energy on inorganic contaminant removal using a BW30-4040 membrane. Solar irradiance directly affected pressure and flow. Groundwater characteristics (including TDS, salts, heavy metals, and pH), impacted other performance parameters such as retention, specific energy consumption and flux. During continual system operation, retention of ions such as $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ was high (> 95%) with each groundwater which can be attributed to steric exclusion. The retention of smaller ions such as $NO_3{^-}$ was affected by weather conditions and groundwater composition, as convection/diffusion dominate retention. When solar irradiance was insufficient or fluctuations too great for system operation, performance deteriorated and retention dropped significantly (< 30% at Ti Tree). Groundwater pH affected flux and retention of smaller ions ($NO_3{^-}$ and $F^-$) because charge repulsion increases with pH. The results highlight variations in system performance (ion retention, flux, specific energy consumption) with real solar irradiance, groundwater composition, and pH conditions.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of professional quality of life among hospital nurses in the effects of workplace bullying, social support and resilience on retention intention. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 414 hospital nurses who worked for at least two months at a general hospital in the Seoul metropolitan area. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0/AMOS 22.0 programs and employed reliability verification, descriptive statistics include frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping. Results: As a result of the study's structural modeling verification, workplace bullying had a negative effect, social support had a positive effect, resilience had a positive effect on professional quality of life, and professional quality of life had a positive effect on retention intention. Also, workplace bullying, social support, and resilience did not directly impact on retention intention. However, the professional quality of life had a complete mediating effect in the relationships between workplace bullying, social support, resilience and retention intention. The study results verified the mediating effect of professional quality of life affecting the retention intention. Conclusion: In order to improve professional quality of life and retention intention, strategies to prevent workplace bullying and promote social support and resilience are needed.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of organizational culture, organizational silence, and organizational commitment on the intention of retention as perceived by nurses Methods: The research model was designed on the basis of the PROCESS Macro model 6 proposed by Hayes. The participants were 142 nurses from general hospitals. Measurements included the scales of organizational culture, organizational silence, organizational commitment, and intention of retentione. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and Hayes's PROCESS macro method for mediation. Results: Retention intention showed a significantly positive correlation with relationship-orientated culture (r=.32, p<.001), innovation-orientated culture (r=.30, p<.001), and organizational commitment (r=.48, p<.001). However retention intention showed a significantly negative correlation with organizational silence (r=-.42, p<.001). Furthermore, organizational silence and commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between organizational culture and intention of retention. Conclusion: The impact of organizational culture on intention of retention in general hospitals was mediated by organizational silence and organizational commitment. Considering the mediating effects of organizational silence and organizational commitment on the relationship between nursing organizational culture and retention intention, a strategy should be developed to enhance organizational commitment and weaken organizational silence by strengthening related and innovative nursing culture.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between variables and factors affecting the intention on retention of nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals. Methods: The participants of this study were 203 nurses working in six small and medium-sized hospitals, and data was collected from August 15 to August 30, 2019 using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression using IBM SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: As a result of the study, intention on retention was positively correlated with resilience (r=.40, p<.05) and followership (r=.38, p<.05). Affecting factors of the intention on retention were marital state (married) (β=.21, p=.001), resilience (β=.22, p=.016), and active engagement as a subcartegory of followership (β=.19, p=.034), and the variables explained 20.8% of the nurses' intention on retention. Conclusion: In order to increase the intention on retention of small and medium-sized hospitals nurses, it is necessary to provide an environment in which small and medium-sized hospital nurses are able to have active engagement and independent thinking and to develop a program to promote their resilience.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.79-82
• /
• 2007

A headache due to retention of phlegm has vomitting, dizziness, nausea, etc. A headache due to retention of phlegm mainly was occurred by insufficiency of the spleen and stomach. Banhabaekchulcheonmatang(半夏白朮天麻湯) has effects of strengthening the spleen and reducing phlegm and calming the endopathic Wind relieving fainting. I prescribed the Banhabaekchulcheonmatang(半夏白朮天麻湯) to a patient with headache due to retention of phlegm. After taking these medicines, the patient was cured.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.47-49
• /
• 1973

The author have observed mucoid retention cyst in the right maxillary sinus of the patient, 41 years old woman, complained discharging of purulent exudate on the right maxillary molar teeth area, and obtained the following conclusions; 1. The mucoid retention cyst in maxillary sinus casts a faint dome shaped shadow into the radiolucent image of maxillary sinus. 2. The mucoid retention cyst in maxillary sinus may be occured without a history of trauma. 3. Intraoral standard films are also valuable for the interpretation of the lesions in maxillary sinus but only extraoral roentgenograms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2004

Decision Analysis(DA) using Value Focused Thinking(VFT) can be an excellent process to deal with hard decisions. The intent of this research is to provide better understanding of the United States Air Force(USAF) officer retention problem. This thesis effort involves building a VFT model to find out more effective alternatives in retaining pilots and non pilots. This model, in conjunction with the results of the post analysis, shows an example of the application of a VFT approach to the USAF officer retention problem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
• /
• v.30A no.9
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 1993

An efficient test method based on march test is presented to cover line leakage failures associated with bit and word lines or mega bit DRAM chips. A modified column march (Y-march) pattern is derived to improve fault coverage against the data retention failure. Time delay concept is introduced to develop a new column march test algorithm detecting various data retention failures. A built-in test circuit based on the column march pattern is designed and verified using logic simulation, confirming correct test operations.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.503-512
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the retention behavior of phenols and to predict their retention in RPLC. The retention data of twenty-five phenols were measured on a $\mu-{Bondapak}\;C_{18}$ and a polymeric $C_{18}$ columns with methanol-water and acetonitrile-water as a mobile phase. From the observation of enthalpy-entropy compensation phenomenon, the following conclusions are drawn with regard to the retention mechanism: 1) the retention mechanism of nitrophenols in different from that of metheyl-and chlorophenols in both mobile phase; 2) in methanol-water mobile phase, the retention mechanism of methyl-and chlorophenols is consistent in the range of methanol-water composition; 3) on the other hand, in the case of acetonitrile-water mobile phase, the retention mechanism depends on the volume fraction of acetonitrile. It means that the retention mechanism can not be explained only by a simple interaction. Based on retention data as compared with two columns, it may be said that the hydrophobic interaction of phenols with polymeric $C_{18}$ column was greater than that with monomeric $C_{18}$ column. The equations for predicting the retention of phenols were derived by using hydrophobic substituent constant $(\pi)$ and the sum of Hammett's constant $(\sigma)$ and Taft's steric constant $(E_s)$.