• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2023

NNbF는 자연 (경관) 자체나 자연 (과정)을 모방한 경관특징을 이용하여 해안이나 하천에서 홍수위험 저감 편익을 기대하고, 동시에 생태계가 주는 공급, 조절, 사회문화 서비스를 공동편익으로 기대하는 방법론이다. NNbF는 우리말로 간단히 '자연·자연기반 특징'이라 쓸 수 있을 것이다. NNbF 이전에 대두된 NbS를 포함하여 Eco-DRR, NI, GI, EwN, BwN 등 유사 개념들은 자연을 직접 이용하거나, 자연과정을 모방하여 인간사회에 편익을 기대한다는 점에서 사실상 서로 크게 다르지 않다. 다만 행위 주체와 목표의 포괄성 면에서, NbS > NNbF > (Eco-DRR, NI/GI)로 정리할 수 있다. NNbF 국제가이드라인에서 하도와 홍수터 관리 범주에서 제시된 총 18개 항목 중 국내하천 여건을 고려하면 천변저류지와 홍수터 복원 (제방 후퇴/철거, 샛강복원 등) 등의 적용성이 높아 보인다. 이 결과는 2022년 별도로 수행된 저자의 다른 연구성과와 일치한다. 특히 현재 시행중인 하천수질 보호를 위한 수변토지 매수정책과 병행하면 그 적용성은 더 높아질 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) plays a pivotal role in predicting the potential environmental impacts of proposed developments and planning appropriate mitigation measures to minimize effects on species. However, as concerns over biodiversity loss rise, there's ongoing debate about the efficacy of these mitigation plans. In this study, we utilized data from EIAs and post-environmental impact surveys to understand the trends in biodiversity during construction and operation phases. By examining 30 urban development projects, we categorized species richness indices of mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles into pre-construction, during construction, and post-construction operational stages. The biodiversity trends were analyzed based on the rate of change in these indices. The results revealed three distinct biodiversity change patterns: (A) An initial increase in biodiversity indices post-development, followed by a gradual decline over time; (B) a sustained increase in biodiversity as a result of mitigation measures; and (C) a continuous decline in biodiversity post-development. Furthermore, all species exhibited a higher rate of biodiversity decline during the construction phase compared to the operational phase, with mammals showing the most significant rate of change. Notably, the biodiversity change rate during operation was generally lower than during construction. In particular, mammals seemed to be most influenced by mitigation measures, displaying the smallest rate of change. This study provides empirical evidence on the efficacy of mitigation measures and deliberates on ways to enhance their effectiveness in minimizing the adverse impacts of urban development on biodiversity. These findings can serve as foundational data for addressing terrestrial biodiversity reduction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2018

Background Although previous studies have focused on determining prognostic and causative variables associated with fistula-related complications after head and neck reconstructive surgery, only a few studies have addressed preventive measures. Noting that pooled saliva complicates wound healing and precipitates fistula-related complications, we devised a continuous suction system to remove saliva during early postoperative recovery. Methods A continuous suction system was implemented in 20 patients after head and neck reconstructive surgery between January 2012 and October 2017. This group was compared to a control group of 16 patients at the same institution. The system was placed orally when the lesion was on the anterior side of the retromolar trigone area, and when glossectomy or resection of the mouth floor was performed. When the orohypopharynx and/or larynx were eradicated, the irrigation system was placed in the pharyngeal area. Results The mean follow-up period was $9.2{\pm}2.4$ months. The Hemovac system was applied for an average of 7.5 days. On average, 6.5 days were needed for the net drain output to fall below 10 mL. Complications were analyzed according to their causes and rates. A fistula occurred in two cases in the suction group. Compared to the control group, a significant difference was noted in the surgical site infection rate (P<0.031). Conclusions Clinical observations showed reduced saliva pooling and a reduction in the infection rate. This resulted in improved wound healing through the application of a continuous suction system.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.207-223
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• 2013

Practical seismic assessment and design of retrofit for the multitude of small ecclesiastical monuments that abound in the Balkans is the subject of this work. Application of the proposed procedures and methodologies are illustrated in an example case study, a small byzantine church located in Western Greece, which is the region with the highest seismicity in Europe. The church, known as the Fragavilla Monastery, had remained almost undamaged for 800 years, until 1993 when the Pyrgos earthquake caused critical damage mainly in the vaults. Linear elastic analysis to the recorded ground motion, capped by a biaxial failure criterion reproduced the developed damage. The same modelling and analysis procedure was subsequently used for assessment of the intended retrofitting measures. Proposed retrofitting measures included mitigation of the undesirable implications of past interventions along with a combination of strengthening schemes with externally bonded AFRPs strategically placed in the structure. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is gauged by successful reduction of stress intensity in the critical regions and mitigation of stress localization throughout the structure.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2018

The school space is a place for learning activities and community activities, and it is used as a shelter for various disasters. Recently, the frequency and magnitude of damages of school facilities due to various disasters are increasing, and similar accidents occur repeatedly every year, causing enormous damage to school classes. Furthermore, damage to school facilities will require considerable time and safety confirmation measures to restore disaster and normalize the class. In this regards, based on the questionnaire survey on the difficulties and improvement measures of the disaster recovery work of the school safety manager, we propose the application of in-kind compensation for damage to school facilities to ensure rapid disaster recovery, simplification of administrative procedures, and quality of restoration work.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술논문발표회
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• pp.202-205
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• 2007

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2007

To protect the surface of ground-cutting slopes and ground-raised slopes and to recover environment-friendly slopes at the national road expansion construction between Gamchon and Yaechon, test-construction work was done using several modes of hydro-seeding measures to select a suitable construction method through the field survey; the results were as follows : As a result of survey on physio-chemical characteristics of soil, the average soil inclination on ground-raised slopes was from 4.73 mm to 5.37 mm; the average soil acidity was from pH 6.47 to 6.73; the average soil humidity was within the scope of 0.57~1.70 %,; the average soil inclination on ground-cutting slopes was 9.17~10.43mm; the average soil acidity was pH 6.67~6.77 and the average soil humidity was within the scope of 0.53~1.27 %; considered overall, they showed generally satisfactory base materials for plant breeding. As a result of the number of sprouting individuals, the average sprouting number of individuals on test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray construction methods and the average number of sprouting individuals on other test spots executed by furrow-digging with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures were 1,172 number of per square meter and 970 number of per square meter respectively; thus they showed higher numerical value comparing with other test spots. Likewise, the average number of sprouting individuals on test spots of the ground-cutting slopes executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and the average number of sprouting individuals on other test spot executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures were found to be 1,107 number of per square meter and 1,105 number of per square meter respectively, whose numerical value showed rather higher other test spots. As a result of a survey on living plants' breeding index [dried weight], the weight in dried state on test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and other test spots executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures on both ground-raised and ground-cutting slopes was found to be higher and showed similar characteristics statistically. As a result of survey on the surface-covering degree of ground-raised slopes, nine weeks after test construction, test spots executed by Coir net with Seed spray method and other test spots executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures showed commonly more than 70% of surface-covering degree, but other test spots showed only below 35% of surface covering degree; especially in case of test spots by Verdvol seed spray measures, they showed 10% of the lowest surface-covering. Surface-covering degree on the test spot of ground-cutting slopes nine weeks after test construction showed more than 75% both executed by Coir net with Seed spray construction method and executed by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures. As a result of survey on appearing plants on the test spots, there dominates Eragrostis curvula both on ground-raised slopes and on ground-cutting slopes with other seeding plant life's lower breeding and there appear intruders, such as Setaria viridis Beauv, Digitaria sanguinalis Scop, and Chenopodium album var.centrorubrum Makino. As for water-borne excavation and soil's washing-away on the slopes, there happened less washing-away and water-borne excavation with good breeding of plant life on test spots executed both by Coir net with Seed spray construction method and by furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures, but there happened much more soil's washing-away along with water-home excavation at the test spot executed by Seed spray with measures. After the research results of test construction sites are examined overall, it's presumed that furrow-digger with Seed spray and Straw mat-mulching measures [interval between lines is 40cm, 5cm in depth] will be preferred to prevent erosion and water-home excavation of slopes located within the construction sites.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2018

This research was thereby made to study and analysis ecological, landscape, and stability qualities of roadside cut Slopes in expressways and national highways that went through revegetation works. Also, evaluation items and framework for integrated assessment of plant structure and restored state for the maintenance were suggested. Following is the summary of the result. firstly, for stabilization of introduced native plant species on roadside cut slops, assessment on the post-project environmental management through long-term monitoring and maintenance works must be made. It signifies a form of authentic recovery and restoration by the native plants. second, current evaluation framework on the test beds is well managed with clear evaluation standards and table while its method of assessing the post management with only test bed results lacks conformity with this study site. Newly developed evaluation framework on the post construction sites is estimated to be used as assessment standards on any roadside construction sites. Third, after site investigation distinction was observed among different revegetating construction types in the long-term perspective. Due to the different duration time of vegetation state between seed-spray measures(degraded in time) and layer-spray measure(maintained), the use of coarse straw-mat mulching work or Coir net was suggested in long term maintenance of cut slopes. forth, segmentation of post environmental assessment is organized into three large categories of "ecological", "stabile", and "landscape" qualities regarding post restoration quality and stability of slope through native plants with which categories marks 50, 30, 20 points of rates. fifth, components of the post environmental assessment were segmented in twelve categories driving results from former experimental construction and newly focused items on site. In the future, it is possible to propose a customized assessment method considering the location and location of construction work if the research on the application of post-environment assessment methods for road construction surface recording is conducted systematically.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2017

최근 도심지에서 지반함몰이 많이 발생하고 있으며 복구작업시 현장 주변 통제로 매우 복잡하고 불편하고 복구대책 공법으로 그라우팅 및 흙메우기 공법이 적용되고 있지만 지반 내 지하수위의 존재 및 공동상태에 따라 재료분리 현상이 발생하거나 많은 양의 복구재료가 요구되는 경우가 많고 지하수의 흐름에 따라 지반 내에서 유실되는 경우도 발생하고 있어 본 연구는 도심지에서 지반함몰이 발생하고 신속하게 복구하는 것을 목표로 지반공동의 긴급보강을 위해 비개착식 공법에 적용할 파우치형 충전재를 개발하는 것으로 지하수의 온도에 따라 충전재의 압축강도 및 팽창비가 다른 것과, 알루미나 파우더의 혼합을 통해 압축강도와 팽창률을 조절할 수 있음을 확인했다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.70-83
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• 1998

With the launch of a new millenium of the 21st century ahead, one of tasks that need to be considered in urban ecological aspect is the understanding of impact of continuing urbanization on urban ecosystem, habitats, and various species of animals and plants. In addition, alternatives and measures to mitigate these impacts including environment restoration should be pursued. In this article, the following points will be reviewed; 1) the definition and significance of an eco-city and "ecological network", 2) the necessity of an eco-network as one of factors composing an eco-city, in the aspects of urban planning and urban ecology, 3) ways to build an urban ecological network and example of foreign countries, 4) as an example of a city in Korea, the present state and impending tasks of the ecological network of Seoul city, and 5) a brief conclusion and suggestion. By providing a basic tool called "an ecological network" for urban space planning, it attempts to contribute in promoting networking of cities (netropolis) and urban biodiversity. It is believed that how to create an ecological network in an artificially developed urban area is a pending issue we are faced with. Herein lies the necessity of natural environment restoration and creation based on the so-called the Third Ecology. Regarding the efforts to return the Nature to urban citizens, there is a need to view the development of a desirable urban ecological network as the starting point and finishing point of the effort. In this way, it is believed that the objectives of urban sustainability through netropolis development would also be achieved.