• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2004

This study is to make plans for perpendicular greening with artificial ground of planter type to improve urban environment. The experiments of this study are performed to find out the suitable soil and irrigation method for artificial ground of planter greening. Thereupon, organic or inorganic soil improvement material is mixed with soil of each planter as experiment, In result, the plants in soil mixed organic soil improvement material thrive rather than that in soil mixed inorganic material, It is to be desired that the planter equip with the irrigation system, be wider than planter and be planted shrubs for positive plant growth. As for irrigation system, drip irrigation is effective on plant growth southern exposure but Ebb and Flow is effective eastern exposure. Therefore, irrigation system should consist of two types above plus keeping water on the bottom of planter to save water and store rainwater.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2011

손상된 도자기는 고대부터 여러 가지 방법과 재료를 사용하여 수리복원 되었다. 도자기 수리복원의 역사는 전통적인 수리방법을 이용해 실생활에서 활용 가능한 재료들을 사용하던 방식에서 새로운 재료의 도입과 다양한 처리기법의 시도 및 사용된 재료의 분석에 이르는 전문적인 분야로까지 그 영역을 넓히며 발전을 거듭하여 왔다. 우리나라의 도자기 수리복원 방법의 변천과정은 출토유물과 문헌자료, 분석 등을 통해 조사한 결과, 동물이나 식물에서 추출된 접착제, 석회와 같은 복원제 등을 사용하여 수리 복원하던 천연재료 사용 시기(고대~일제 강점기 이전)와, 주사비 등 천연재료와 합성수지가 혼합되어 사용되는 시기(일제 강점기~1970년대), 새로운 처리기법과 재료가 도입되고 보존규범에 입각하여 수리복원이 이루어진 합성수지 사용 시기(80년대 이후)로 구분 할 수 있었다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2018

최근 도시의 안전을 심각하게 저해시키는 지반함몰현상이 증가하는 추세에 있어 대책이 필요한 상황이다. 지반함몰 발생 시 긴급복구공법에 사용될 산업부산물을 활용한 뒤채움재를 개발하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위해 유동성 채움재 설계기준에 의거하여 목표성능을 도출하였고, 플로우값, 일축압축강도, 초기응결시간, pH시험 등 실내시험평가를 통해 개발된 재료의 적용성을 검토하였다. 또한 현장실험을 통해 고유동성 채움재의 조기강도에 대한 성능검증과 긴급복구를 위한 시공성을 확인하였다. 평가결과 시멘트의 비율이 4% 이상일 경우 재 굴착이 가능한 장기강도보다 크게 측정되어 긴급복구목적에 적합지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 최적배합비는 저회와 석고의 비율이 약 50:50, 시멘트의 비율이 2%로 나타났다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권30호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2009

Scientific studies of conservation techniques and materials in Korea have experienced fast development since international practice and academic knowledge have been introduced to Korea from Japan, France, Germany, and etc from the late 1960s. In recent years, it has been observed that the academic standard of research and the level knowledge of the field in Korea at present are far advanced to compete with many countries. However, many Korean cases still have displayed that the standard and the quality of conservation practice need to be improved. This research examined several cases of derelict restoration of metal relics executed by non-conservators and the effects of their ignorant use of irreversible materials on the valuable objects. The purpose of the study is to display the problem of such treatments and to suggest a need of framework to prevent the loss of original form from them. Metal Buddha statue (Cosmic Buddha) in Borim Temple (National Treasure No. 117), which was conserved by an unexperienced non-conservator, has suffered from a serious problem of corrosion because of the use of destructive material, iron chloride. Another case for metal Buddha statue in Dopian Temple (National Treasure No. 63) displays a representative example of using irreversible materials, Cashew and such ignorant application made a later conservation treatment so difficult in removing the material from the surface of the statue. In conclusion, the research argued that the understanding of materials used in the objects, and the value of relics is important, and pre-experiments before applying conservation materials to a valuable heritage are essential in the conservation treatment.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of three aesthetic restorative materials on the wear between tooth and restoration by a pin-on-disk manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Six aesthetic restorative materials were used to prepare disk specimens for wear test, which were Lava Zirconia as zirconia group, Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR as veneering porcelain group, Gradia Direct microhybrid composite containing prepolymerized fillers, Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite containing zirconia glass and colloidal silica particles, and Filtek Z350 nanocomposite as composite resin group. Vertical loss of the worn cusp, change of the surface roughness of the restoration materials, and the surface topography were investigated after wear test under 9.8-N contact load. RESULTS. The porcelain groups (Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR) caused the largest vertical loss of teeth when compared with those of the composite resin and zirconia groups, and Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite results in the second-largest vertical loss of teeth. The surface of Filtek Z350 nanocomposite was deeply worn out, but visible wear on the surface of the zirconia and Gradia Direct microhybrid composite was not observed. When the zirconia surface was roughened by sand-blasting, vertical loss of teeth considerably increased when compared with that in the case of fine polished zirconia. CONCLUSION. It was identified that microhybrid composite resin containing a prepolymerized filler and zirconia with reduced surface roughness by polishing were the most desirable restorative materials among the tested materials to prevent the two-body wear between aesthetic restorative material and tooth.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.141-155
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• 2018

최근 국내외적으로 지하공동과 더불어 지반함몰발생 빈도수가 높아지고 있다. 따라서 지하 공동 주변부 응력이완영역의 복구에 대한 관심도 높아지고 있다. 이완영역은 지반 내에서 빈공간이 발생함에 따라 빈 공간 주변부의 지반이 원지반의 강성 및 다짐도를 잃고 느슨해진 상태로 추가적인 공동 확장 및 붕괴를 유발 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 공동 주변부 지반 이완영역을 보강하기 위해 팽창성 재료를 활용한 지반함몰 복구공법을 적용하고 이를 검증하고자 한다. 우선적으로 팽창성 재료의 기본 물리적 특성 및 팽창 특성을 파악하였고, 이완영역 모사 실험 장비를 제작하여 팽창성 재료의 팽창 시 이완영역에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 이완영역은 수치해석상 스프링계수로 모사하였다. 수치해석 변수로는 공동 체적에 대한 투입된 팽창성 재료의 부피비, 이완영역의 이완정도, 공동의 형상을 설정하였고, 이에 따른 이완영역의 전반적인 거동을 수치해석적으로 분석하였다. 해석 결과 해석 변수들은 서로 영향을 주는 인자들이였으며, 팽창성 재료가 지하공동에 삽입되었을 경우 지하공동 채움 및 이완영역 복구 정도를 확인하였다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제14권
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

백자투각연당초문지통과 같이 기형 및 장식기법이 복잡한 도자기의 경우, 기존에 사용되고 있는 복원제는 경화시간이 짧아 정교한 성형이 어려워 틀을 이용하여 복원한다. 하지만 틀을 이용한 복원 또한 시간적, 재료적인 단점이 있기 때문에 직접 복원하는 방법을 연구하고자 하였다. 복원제의 경화시간과 물성은 작업성과 밀접한 관계가 있기 때문에 복잡한 형태의 복원부를 직접 성형할 때는 충분한 가사시간이 확보되는 복원제가 필요하다. 소성점토(Original Sculpey)와 에폭시퍼티(Repair it Quik)를 각기 다른 비율로 혼합하여 가사시간, 색도 변화, 작업성에 대한 실험을 하였다. 실험결과 OS8 : RQ2의 비율로 혼합하였을 경우 가사시간이 충분하고 성형성이 좋았으며 황변도가 낮고 채색성이 좋아 가장 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.678-684
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• 2008

A general treatment is to restore abfraction lesions with dental filler materials to reduce stress concentration. A material should be selected from various dental products based on long term experiences of dentist or personal preference concerning filler methods. A quantitative criterion is necessary to make an evaluation of the results as dentists decide treatment methods and dental materials relying on their clinical experiences. The purpose of this study is to find an optimal restoration method and material for noncarious cervical lesions using the finite element method. An objective function was defined to minimize the sum of tension or compression stress. Trial-and-error and approximation were used to find an optimal restoration method. An optimal solution was to fill TetricFlow inside the lesion and Z100 in the remaining region. The most desirable thickness ratio of the two filler materials was 0.125 with trial-and-error and it was similar to the results of approximation, 0.121 and 0.132.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권29호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2008

Hanji among paper, which is material for support of the organic artifact such as painting and Thangkas, is given as much importance as the original material in the conservation treatment of artifacts. This lining paper can go through physical and chemical deterioration due to its organic nature, and inflict serious damage to the original materials of the artifact. There is a lot of difficulty in keeping continuous production of the paper mulberry fiber based on lining paper due to a short supply of raw material and discontinuation of traditional method. Also restoration and conservation treatment is done by relying only on the knowledge and skill of few experts without any recognized manual based on scientific analysis. In this study, we evaluated the stability of lining paper which is used to support organic artifact. As the result of experiments, this lining paper was made from mulberry tree in Korea and produced by means of oebal method, but was not treated by starch in its surface.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: Top-down restoration of distorted speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of speech in noise, maybe a useful tool to understand robustness of perception in adverse listening situations. However, the relationship between phonemic restoration and speech perception in noise is not empirically clear. Subjects and Methods: 20 adults (40-55 years) with normal audiometric findings were part of the study. Sentence perception in noise performance was studied with various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) to estimate the SNR with 50% score. Performance was also measured for sentences interrupted with silence and for those interrupted by speech noise at -10, -5, 0, and 5 dB SNRs. The performance score in the noise interruption condition was subtracted by quiet interruption condition to determine the phonemic restoration magnitude. Results: Fairly robust improvements in speech intelligibility was found when the sentences were interrupted with speech noise instead of silence. Improvement with increasing noise levels was non-monotonic and reached a maximum at -10 dB SNR. Significant correlation between speech perception in noise performance and phonemic restoration of sentences interrupted with -10 dB SNR speech noise was found. Conclusions: It is possible that perception of speech in noise is associated with top-down processing of speech, tapped as phonemic restoration of interrupted speech. More research with a larger sample size is indicated since the restoration is affected by the type of speech material and noise used, age, working memory, and linguistic proficiency, and has a large individual variability.