• 노동경제논집
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.117-141
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• 2020

새로 분류된 잠재노동력을 유휴노동력에 포함시켜 산출한 고용보조지표와 실업률의 차이를 밝히기 위해 미취업자를 실업자, 잠재노동력 및 이외 비노동력으로 분류하고 노동시장 행태를 분석하여 분류 간 차별성 여부를 파악하였다. 노동시장 상태간 연간 이행률을 토대로 노동력 진입 및 이탈 행태에서 잠재노동력은 이외 비노동력과 다르며 일하려는 욕구가 작지 않은 유휴노동력임을 확인하였다. 인적 특성을 통제한 다항로짓모형 분석 결과는 잠재노동력과 실업자가 동일 집단이라는 가설을 기각하여 고용보조지표와 실업률을 동일 관점에서 해석할 수 없다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

Laser machining technique, which is used focusing pulse YAG laser beam irradiation was applied to form area ratio controlled model cut-edge on pre painted Zn coated steels. A corrosion behavior of formed model cut-edge was investigated by rest potential measurement in 1 mol $m^{-3}$ NaCl with and without 0.5 kmol $m^{-3}$ $H_3BO_4$/0.05kmol$m^{-3}$ $Na_2B_4O_7$. The rest potential showed almost constant value with fluctuations. The amplitude of fluctuations increased with exposed area of steel surface. White corrosion products of zinc oxide and simonkollite was formed after the experiments at the formed model cut-edge.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.224-234
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• 1999

An attempt was made to characterize the relationship between pretreatment processes, electrolysis conditions and behaviors of the plated gold layer. In order to investigate the effect of pretreatment processes on plating, rest potential measurements of various pretreated stainless steels and a.c.-impedance spectroscopy tests were carried out in the strike plating solution. Characteristics of plated gold layers and adhesions between plated gold layers and stainless steel substrates were examined by scratching tests and micro-Vickers hardness tests. The result shows that the strike plating enhanced the adhesion of interface, the cathodic electro-activation pretreatment process improving both corrosion resistance and adhesion strength. The preferred orientations of plated gold layers were examined by the X-ray diffraction technique. As the current density increases, [111] preferred orientation of plated gold layers was found to become well developed.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.202-205
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• 2001

In this study, the electrokinetic remediation test for the kaolin contaminated by lead was performed and voltage, zeta potential, pH distribution, current, contamination transport in soil sample were studied and finite differential numerical analysis program(HERP) for a contaminated soil were compared with those of test. From the result of HERP, in the anode it was represented that the rest concentration was decreased with the voltage. Hence, if treatment time was continued for a long in the constant voltage, comparing with sample having no change in the rest concentration, it is considered that the voltage gradient is the control factor of the rest concentration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1767-1773
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• 2015

Effects of water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport during summer on meat quality, stress parameters, glycolytic potential and microstructures of muscle in broilers were investigated. A total of 105 mixed-sex Arbor Acres broilers were divided into three treatment groups: i) 45-min transport without rest (T group), ii) 45-min transport with 1-h rest (TR group), iii) 45-min transport with 15-min water-misting sprays with forced ventilation and 45-min rest (TWFR group). The results showed the TWFR group significantly increased (p<0.05) initial muscle pH ($pH_i$) and ultimate pH ($pH_u$) and significantly reduced $L^*$ (p<0.05), drip loss, cook loss, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase activity, plasma glucose content, lactate and glycolytic potential when compared with other groups. Microstructure of the muscle from TWFR group broilers under light microscopy showed smaller intercellular spaces among muscle fibers and bundles compared with T group. In conclusion this study indicated water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport could relieve the stress caused by transport under high temperature, which was favorable for the broilers' welfare. Furthermore, water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport slowed down the postmortem glycolysis rate and inhibited the occurrence of PSE-like meat in broilers. Although rest after transport could also improve the meat quality, the effect was not as significant as water-misting sprays with forced ventilation after transport.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2003

Crevice corrosion of stainless steels in natural seawater was investigated for several post weld treatments; as-annealed, as-welded, pickled, and ground. The results confirmed the effect of the biofilm on the cathodic reaction leading to an ennoblement of the rest potential. The degree of ennoblement of corrosion potential depends on the surface finish. As-annealed and pickled samples show stable corrosion potential approaching to 200 ~ 300 mV (SCE) while as-welded and ground samples show the fluctuating corrosion potential. This points to a situation where there are conflicting effects determining the trend in free corrosion potential. Crevice corrosion initiation will tend to pull the free corrosion potential in the active direction, whereas the presence of biofilm will tend to ennoble corrosion potential. There was no visible attack on UNS S31803, S32550, and 2205W. Therefore, those stainless steel grades appeared to be resistant to crevice corrosion in natural seawater on condition of weld metal.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.301-312
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• 1989

It well known that the magnitude of contraction and the shape of action potential depend upon the stimulation frequency and the duration of resting period (positive and negative staircase). Although the underlying mechanism of the staircase phenomenon is not fully understood, it has been suggested that staircase could be related to the intracllular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. In order to elucidate the role of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ on the contraction and action potential staircases, we examined the effects of 1 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), 0.5 uM verapamil, 1 uM ryanodine, or reduction of extracellular Na concentration to 30% $(substituted\;by\;equimolar\;Li^+)$ in small atrial strips of the rabbit $(3{\times}10\;mm)$. The results obitained were as follows; 1) When the stimulation frequency was increased from 0.1 Hz to 2 Hz, positive staircase of the contraction and elevation of plateau level in action potential were found in control and the conditions of Na reduction and treatments of 4-AP, verapamil and ryanodine. 2) When stimulation frequency returned to 0.1 Hz from 1 min rest just after 2 Hz stimulation fer 1 min, the magnitudes of initial few contractions were larger than that of steady state contraction (post-rest potentiation) except, ryanodine or Na-reduction groups. 3) Negative staircase of contraction was developed in control and 4-AP group at post-rest 0.1 Hz stimulation and the plateau level of the action potential was decreased at the same time. But the reduction of contraction or the plateau level was much smaller in 4-AP group and than in control. From the above results it can be concluded that contraction and action potential staircase is dependent upon transmembrane $Ca^{2+}-current\;and\;Ca^{2+}$release from the SR.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 1992

본 실험은 분무경재배 토마토에 있어서 분무간격이 토마토의 생장, 수량반응과 생체정보와의 관련성을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 분무간격은 10분 정지에 60초, 30초 그리고 10초간 분무되게 하였으며 이것을 연속분무구와 비교하였다. 배양액은 산기의 토마토 배양액을 사용하였다. 1. 엽면적은 30초분무 10분정지구가 가장 높았고 60초분무 10분정지구가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 또한 각 기관의 건물중과 과실건물중 등의 생장특성도 다른 처리구보다 30초분무 10분정지구에서 가장 좋았다. 2. 화수는 건물중이 낮을수록 많았으나 착화수는 60초분무 10분정지구를 제외하고는 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 3. 엽면적과 과실건물중과의 관계에 있어서는 과실건물중이 가장 높은 30초분무 10분정지구가 엽면적이 가장 많았다. 연속분무구는 엽면적에 비해 과실건물중의 현저한 감소가 나타났다. 본 실험의 범위에서 양액의 적정 분무간격은 30초분무 10분정지인 것으로 구명되었다. 4. 주간의 온실내외의 태양방사는 차이가 크게 나타났으며 온실내 일중 기온은 엽온보다 높게 나타났다. 환경조건의 변화에 따라 토마토 엽의 생체정보의 변화는 민감하게 나타났으며 특히 양액의 분무간격에 따른 차이는 현저하게 나타났다. 5. 분무간격에 따른 엽생장의 변화패턴은 엽수분 potential, 기공저항 및 엽온 등의 생체정보와 관련이 깊었으며 환경요인의 변화에 따른 생체정보 계획으로 토마토의 생장량이나 과실수량 예측의 가능성이 인정되었다.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 1998년도 제10회 학술대회 심포지움
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• pp.222-222
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• 1998

Ⅰ. Palliation vs. Correction, Ⅱ. Voice Care for the Professional, 1. laryngeal lubrication, 2. voice rest, 3. voice training, 1) reinstatement of voice, 2) vocal conditioning, Ⅲ. Don't-Guidelines for the Professional, Ⅳ. Do-Guidelines for the Professional, Ⅴ. Voice Conservation in Winter, Ⅵ. Audible Clues for Potential Voice Problems, Ⅶ. Things Which can Cause Problems, Ⅷ. Conclusion. (omitted)

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 1994

Among many kinds of odors, some are known to have effects of sedation or stimulation on brain activity. In this study, brain activity levels affected by four kinds of fragrance0lemon, lavender, jasmine, and rose-were tested using EEG recording. In the first experiment, the quality of alpha wave was examined under controlled rest condition. In the second experiment, the event-related potential (ERP) and contingent negative variation (CNV) were investigated during a simple reaction tasks (SRT) against auditory signal. EEG data obtained for the rest condition were analyzed suing "3-Dimensional Viewer)" which was developed by ourselves to show the chaotic attractor of the signal. Power spectrum were also calculated using FET. EEG data obtained during the SRT were analyzed by comparing CNV amplitudes about each odor condition. Results confirmed the sedative effect of the lemon and the lavender, and the stimulative effect of the jasmine and the rose.