• Title/Summary/Keyword: response styles

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Methodology Development of Clothing Appearance by Eye Movement Analysis (안구운동 분석을 통한 의복의 시각적 평가의 객관화)

  • Park Hye-Jun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.30 no.6 s.154
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    • pp.992-1000
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    • 2006
  • The main purpose of this research is to develop the methodology of objective evaluation of clothing appearance by eye movement analysis. The visual clothing items used in this study were skirt, one-piece, pants and shirt with the style variation of silhouette and details. By observing eye movement during visual evaluation of clothing, we can achieve the basic fixation data of eye movement. Moreover, we developed the Matlab program to extract the fixation coordinate and number of eye fixation on each part of the clothing item. As results, there were differences in the duration of fixation time for each item and the fixation time was not different by styles within a clothing item. However, we could find differences in the fixation time within a style, in other words, we could select the important parts of the clothing by observing the fixation time in a certain clothing item. It is also noted that time required in visual information processing differs depending on the item, and there was a region which contain more information independent with styles in the same item. By developing the objective method of visual evaluation that correspond to human's visual information processing, the results are expected to be applied in the retrieval program in internet shopping mall or in the development of contents for advertisement of clothing.

Determinant Factors for Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) Leadership Attributes: An Empirical Study from Malaysia

  • DAUD, Salina;WAN HANAFI, Wan Noordiana;MOHAMED OTHMAN, Nurhidayah
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.9
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    • pp.301-311
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    • 2021
  • Most leadership styles are generally designed to enhance the cognitive and behavioral skills of leaders with the implicit assumption that this would ultimately translate into high performance. As we are moving towards Industry 4.0, organizations must employ leadership styles that will help the organization succeed. Thus, the objective of this paper is to confirm the determinant factors for Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) leadership attributes in Malaysian manufacturing companies. Stratified sampling was used to select the sample. Data was collected using the online survey method, where the response rate was 43 percent. The respondents consisted of respondents aged from 31-40 years old, with 69 respondents. In terms of race, the highest number of respondents are the Malays. Questionnaires were distributed to middle and top-level managers from manufacturing companies which were listed in the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the reliability and validity of the construct. Based on the analysis, 66 items could be used to measure the 4IR leadership attributes. The validation of 4IR leadership can also provide predictive implications on improving leaders' performance, given the different attributes confirmed by the findings.

Analysis of Emotional Responses to Different Graphical Styles of Natural Scenery in Video Games (게임에서의 자연풍경의 그래픽 스타일 차이에 따른 감성 반응 분석)

  • Hansun Hong;Seongsu Kim;Minji Kang;Juyoung Lee
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.979-985
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    • 2023
  • After the outbreak of COVID-19, the demand for home-enjoyable video games has surged, driven by extended pandemic conditions and resulting in rapid graphic technology advancements. Consequently, games with diverse expression techniques have emerged, captivating players. Virtual Reality (VR) environments predominantly feature natural landscapes, with advancing graphic technology enabling lifelike scenes. The rise in individuals seeking solace through natural elements in games has followed suit. As VR technology and metaverse interest grow, more people are exposed to digital imagery. However, evidence on the influence of graphic expression methods on emotional response to that is lacking. Our study examined user emotional responses, focusing on natural landscapes in digital graphics of games. Analyzing a group of 47 young adults as frequent digital media consumers, we studied reactions to different image styles (Realism, Semi-Realism, Stylized). In the analysis, Realism-style images were perceived the most positively, while emotional responses to natural landscapes with different graphical expressions showed no significant differences. Results suggest that recognizing digital natural landscapes may outweigh expression style impacting the evaluation of digital nature. This study's empirical analysis enhances the understanding of digital nature's application to actual situations.

Study on Consumer Cognition and Clothing behavior of Climate Change (기후변화에 대한 소비자의 인식과 복식행동 연구)

  • Son, Mi Young
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.61-72
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of climate change cognition on clothing behavior of fashion consumers to understand the impact of climate change on the fashion system. An online survey was conducted of 385 people in their 20s-50s working in the fashion industry as well as general consumers. Data collected from surveys were analyzed by factor analysis and t-test. Results are as follow: First, climate change cognition consists of four sub-dimensions, which are 'knowledge of climate change' and 'recognition of climate change in Korea'. Second, clothing behavior related with climate change consists of six sub-dimensions, which are 'environmentally-friendly fashion purchases', 'new clothes-wearing style affected by climate change', 'ethical fashion consumption', 'pursuit of functional fashion', 'pursuit of seasonless fashion', and 'clothes-wearing in response to climate change.' Last, the group with higher cognition of climate change than the group with lesser cognition had significantly higher degree of trying new styles created because of climate change, making ethical fashion purchases, pursuing functional fashion, and wearing clothes in response to climate change.

The Effect of Socially Prescribed Perfectionism of University Student to Depression: Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Rumination, Reflective Response Style (대학생의 사회부과적 완벽주의가 우울에 미치는 영향: 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 반추적, 반성적 반응양식의 매개효과)

  • Choi, Jaegwang;Song, Wonyoung
    • Korean Journal of School Psychology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.199-222
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    • 2020
  • This study was conducted to verify the effects of socially prescribed perfectionism on depression as mediated by intolerance of uncertainty and either ruminating or reflective response styles, on as will as to find ways to effectively address depression as it presents in university students. For this purpose, 283 university students at the central region were assesed using data collected from the following surveys: the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale(CES-D), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale(HMPS), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale(IUS), and the Response to Depressed Mood Questionnaire(RDQ) and that were used to collect data. The results of this study are as follows. First, there was a positive correlation between the Intolerance of uncertainty and the rumination response style to the uncertainty of socially prescribed perfectionism, but not correlation the reflective response mode. Second, with respect to the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and depression, intolerance of uncertainty was set as the primary mediator variable and the rumination response style were set as the secondary mediator variables. The results shown to have a significant mediating effects. However this mediating effect was not significant when, in order to verify the mediating effect, we set the secondary mediator variable as the reflective response style. These results suggest that to prevent depression that manifests as socially prescribed perfectionism, it may be effective to intervene with a focus on the intolerance of uncertainty and the rumination response style. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study are discussed based on the results.

A research of the Difference in Teaching Styles and Understanding of 9th Grade Students About Lead-iodide Precipitation Reaction Experiment (중학교 3학년 요오드화납 생성반응 실험의 수업 방식 차이와 학생들의 이해에 관한 연구)

  • Baek, Seong-Hye;Jeong, Seon-Ja
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.50 no.5
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    • pp.374-384
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    • 2006
  • this study, the teaching methods of three science teachers for lead-iodide precipitation reaction experiment were compared. The difference of 9th grade students' understanding was searched according to the science teachers teaching styles, also. Among the three teachers, Teacher A taught students based on the science textbook and allowed students to think themselves and to get out conclusion by the experiment. Teacher B and Teacher C gave students a lot of explanations related to interpretation of the experiment. The percentage of no response on the experiment report of Teacher A was higher than those of Teacher B and Teacher C. But the students of Teacher B and Teacher C tended to have limited thoughts because of the teachers explanations. In spite of the difference, it was common phenomenon that few students understood concepts through the experiment. A lot of students were interested in the experiment, but it was hard to understand Law of definite proportions according to the experiment.

Preference Differences in Interior Images of Restaurants according to Lifestyles (라이프스타일 유형에 따른 레스토랑 실내이미지 선호도 차이에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Hee;Park, Young-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.43 no.10 s.212
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    • pp.69-79
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to determine restaurant patrons' preference differences in interior design style of restaurants according to their lifestyles. Written questionnaires were handed out to 500 adults in Seoul and surroundings and the results were sampled by convenience sampling. The questionnaire was composed of respondents' general characteristics, lifestyles, and preference for 10 types of interior design style. A total of 415 questionnaires were usable for data analysis, resulting in a response rate of $83\%$. To analyze the collected data, frequency, factor, reliability, quick clustering K- means and One-Way ANOVA analysis were conducted using SPSS 10.0. The results showed that there were preference differences in 10 types of interior design style of restaurants according to lifestyle types which were categorized into 4 groups. The conservative and self-convinced group showed the lowest preference scores in the 10 types of interior design style which are Romantic, Ethnic, Classic, High-Tech, Elegant, Country, Modem, Minimal, Natural, and Casual style. The quality life pursuing group and extroverted individuality groups showed the high preference scores in most of the styles, especially in the Classic and Elegant styles. The realistic self-centered group showed the highest preference scores in Casual style among the 4 groups. These study findings indicate that restaurants should take into account their patrons' lifestyles as a mean of market segmentation, and respond to their taste and preference when they have established suitable servicescape.

An Investigation of the employee Job Satisfaction according to Leadership Style in Family Restaurant (패밀리레스토랑 중간관리자의 리더십스타일에 따른 종사원의 직무만족)

  • Yun, Ji-Yeon;Yoo, Yang-Ja;Hong, Wan-Soo
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.22 no.3 s.93
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    • pp.259-269
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    • 2006
  • The purposes of this study were to measure the correlation between leadership style and job satisfaction in family restaurants, and to compare the effectiveness of two different styles of leadership: transformational and transactional. The questionnaire used in this study was designed to measure all variables in the research model, and was made two kinds for employees and for managers. It was distributed to 550 employees and 12 managers in 16 stores of 4 family restaurants, from September 10 to October 7, 2004. A total of 303 usable employees' questionnaires were received, giving a 55.0% response rate, and all of managers responded. Statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS Win(11.0) for the following analyses: descriptive, reliability, factor, ANOVA, correlation and cluster. The results were as follows. First, the most influential leader was the senior staff in most of the hierarchies that were studied. Second, transformational leadership had a positive correlation with job satisfaction for family restaurant employees, while transactional leadership had a negative correlation. Third, using cluster analysis, four leadership groups were identified: transformational(44%), transactional(29%), a combination of both styles(4%), and unidentifiable style(23%). Fourth the transformational leadership group produced e highest rates job satisfaction for family restaurant employees. The transactional leadership group produced the lowest job satisfaction. According to the results, the most reasonable leadership style in family restaurants is transformational leadership.

The Effect of Contexts, Clothing Cues and Perceiver's Age on Male Impressions. (상황, 의복단서 및 관찰자의 연령이 남자 의복착용자의 인상에 미치는 영향)

  • 남미우;강혜원
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.311-326
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    • 1994
  • The purpose of this study was to identify 1) the effect of two contexts (job interview, Informal outing) and clothing cues (type, style, color) on male impresssions 2) the effect of perceiver's age on male impressions created by the clothing cues and contexts. The subjects consisted of 256 male undergraduate students and 256 middle-aged men. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimuli and response scales. The stimuli were 8 color photographs of drawings of a male figure in clothing which were manipulated in two levels, each of three clothing cues including type, style and color. The experimental design was full factorial design of $(2^4contex^2{\times}clothing type^2{times}clthing color^2$. Each of the 16 sub-samples includes 16 subjects from the two perceiver group. Questionnaires used to measure perceivers responses to the stimuli were 7-point semantic differential scales composed of 37 bipolar adjectives representing personal traits. The data was processed by factor analysis, ANOVA, multiple classification analysis, Duncan's multiple range test. The major findings drawn from this study were as follows: 1. Three factors emerged to account for the dimensional structure of the impressions of the male figure in clothing in two social situations. These factors involved evaluation, activity and uniqueness. 2. The contexts, clothing types and clothing styles had significant effects on evaluation, activity and uniqueness. The clothing styles had a considerable effect on both evaluation and uniqueness while the clothing types affected activity. The clothing color had least effect on the impression and had only moderate effect on evaluation. 3. Perceiver's age influenced impressions formed by the social contexts and clothing cues. Male college students were least affected by contexts and clothing cues, while middle-aged men wert affected most.

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A study of nail art design applying the art form of Rococo from the 18th century (18세기 로코코 예술양식을 응용한 네일아트 디자인 연구)

  • Cho, Han-Sol;Mun, Yun-Kyeong
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.43-55
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    • 2021
  • Unlike nail care, nail art is a field with strong decorative elements that decorate the surface of the nail. In line with the trend of the times, which freely expresses one's personality, nail art is establishing itself as a definite and a key area in the beauty industry. Currently, design creation and technology developments are important, with the release of various nail materials and new trends that spread through mass media. Despite the great developments in the nail beauty industry, there is a lack for nail artists. Due to this fact, it is considered a necessary to combine nail art with the contemporary art styles, which have various motifs of design, and to study nail art design using them. In response, this study selected art from the Rococo era, where delicate and colorful decorative elements were at their peak, to consider the artistic styles of the time and present them in various nail designs. This study would like to expand the scope of new nail designs by suggesting colorful and feminine designs to women, who are the main customers of nail salon. In addition, the purpose of this study is to provide nail artists with basic materials that can be used in creative ideas and expressions, such as 2D and 3D nail designs, and composite nail design art, which are the art areas for nail art.