Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no9.0301

Determinant Factors for Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) Leadership Attributes: An Empirical Study from Malaysia  

DAUD, Salina (College of Business Management and Accounting, Universiti Tenaga Nasional)
WAN HANAFI, Wan Noordiana (College of Business Management and Accounting, Universiti Tenaga Nasional)
MOHAMED OTHMAN, Nurhidayah (College of Graduate Studies, Universiti Tenaga Nasional)
Publication Information
The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business / v.8, no.9, 2021 , pp. 301-311 More about this Journal
Abstract
Most leadership styles are generally designed to enhance the cognitive and behavioral skills of leaders with the implicit assumption that this would ultimately translate into high performance. As we are moving towards Industry 4.0, organizations must employ leadership styles that will help the organization succeed. Thus, the objective of this paper is to confirm the determinant factors for Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) leadership attributes in Malaysian manufacturing companies. Stratified sampling was used to select the sample. Data was collected using the online survey method, where the response rate was 43 percent. The respondents consisted of respondents aged from 31-40 years old, with 69 respondents. In terms of race, the highest number of respondents are the Malays. Questionnaires were distributed to middle and top-level managers from manufacturing companies which were listed in the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the reliability and validity of the construct. Based on the analysis, 66 items could be used to measure the 4IR leadership attributes. The validation of 4IR leadership can also provide predictive implications on improving leaders' performance, given the different attributes confirmed by the findings.
Keywords
Fourth Industrial Revolution; Leadership; Manufacturing; CFA; PLS-SEM;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Schiuma, G. (2017). Arts catalyst of creative organizations for the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 3(4), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40852-017-0072-1   DOI
2 Kabeyi, M. J. (2018). Transformational vs transactional leadership with examples. The International Journal of Business & Management, 6(5), 191-193. https://www.academia.edu/36982208/the_international_journal_of_business_and_management_transformational_vs_transactional_leadership_with_examples
3 Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. In: Sinkovics, R. R., & Ghauri, P. N. (Eds.), Advances in international marketing (Vol. 20, pp. 277-320). Bingley: Emerald.
4 Ho, V. T., & Pollack, J. M. (2014). Passion isn't always a good thing: Examining entrepreneurs' network centrality and financial performance with a dualistic model of passion. Journal of Management Studies, 51(3), 433-459. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12062   DOI
5 Kodama, F., & Shibata, T. (2017). Beyond fusion towards IoT by way of open innovation: an investigation based on the Japanese machine tool industry 1975-2015. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 3(4), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40852-017-0073-0   DOI
6 Wolf, M. (2015). Same as it ever was. Foreign Affairs, 94(4), 15-22. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/same-it-ever-was
7 Xu, M., David, J. M., & Kim, S. H. (2018). The fourth industrial revolution: Opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Financial Research, 9(2), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n2p90   DOI
8 Yang, J., & Lew, J. Y. (2020). Implementing sustainable human resources practices: leadership style matters. Sustainability, 12(5), 1794. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051794   DOI
9 Kim, W. C., & Mauborgne, R. (2014). Blue ocean leadership. Harvard Business Review, 92(5), 60-72. https://hbr.org/2014/05/blue-ocean-leadership
10 Kim, W. C., & Mauborgne, R. (2017). Blue Ocean Strategy with Harvard Business Review Classic Article "Blue Ocean Leadership"(2 Books). Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
11 Kumar, K., Zindani, D., & Davim, J. P. (2019). Industry 4.0: Developments towards the fourth industrial revolution. New York: Springer.
12 Miller, D. (2016). Natural language: The user interfaces for the fourth Industrial Revolution (Report No. 350). Opus Research. https://www.softwareag.com/corporate/images/Natural%20Language%20The%20User%20Interface_tcm389-170321.pdf
13 Nguyen, T. H. (2020). Impact of leader-member relationship quality on job satisfaction, innovation and operational performance: A case in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(6), 449-456. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.449   DOI
14 Bernard. (2019). 14 essential leadership skills for the 4th industrial revolution. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2019/05/13/15-essential-leadership-skills-during-the-4thindustrial-revolution/?sh=7a913c59a3a0
15 Abuzaid, A. N. (2016). Testing the impact of strategic leadership on organizational ambidexterity: A field study on the Jordanian chemical manufacturing companies. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(5), 328-339. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n5p328   DOI
16 Almaskari, T. H., Mohamad, E., Yahaya, S. N., & Jalil, M. F. (2021). Leadership as a driver of employees' innovation performance: The mediating effect of cultural diversity in UAE universities. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 8(8), 271-285. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no8.0271   DOI
17 Bawany, S. (2019). Leadership 4.0: How ready are you to be a digital leader? Leadership Excellence, 36(2), 28-30. https://www.hr.com/en/magazines/leadership_excellence_essentials/february_2019_leadership/leadership-40-how-ready-are-youto-be-a-digital-le_jrknriu4.html
18 Smothers, J., Doleh, R., Celuch, K., Peluchette, J., & Valadares, K. (2016). Talk nerdy to me: The role of intellectual stimulation in the supervisor-employee relationship. Journal of Health & Human Services Administration, 38(4), 14-39. https://eurekamag.com/research/058/970/058970754.php
19 Nur Lyana, B., Salina, D., Aerni, I., & Yunus, M. (2015). Conventional leadership versus blue ocean leadership. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 10(3), 816-827.
20 Schwab, K. (2015). The fourth industrial revolution: what it means and how to respond. https://www. foreignaffairs.com/articles/2015-12-12/fourth-industrial-revolution
21 Vaezi, S., & Fallah, N. (2011). The relationship between emotional intelligence and burnout among Iranian EFL Teachers. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 2(5), 1122-1129. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.2.5.1122-1129   DOI
22 Hair, J. F., Matthews, L., Matthews, R., & Sarstedt, M. (2017a). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMDA.2017.087624   DOI
23 Wan Noordiana, W. H., Salina, D., & Nur Lyana, B. (2018). Blue Ocean leadership and emotional intelligence in government link companies (GLCs): Preparing for industry 4.0. SHS Web of Conferences, 56(1), 04008. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185604008   DOI
24 Brynjolfsson, E., McAfee, A., & Spence, M. (2014). New world order: Labor, capital, and ideas in the power-law economy. Foreign Affairs, 93(4), 44-53. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2014-06-04/new-world-order
25 Gratton, L. (2010). The future of work. Business Strategy Review, 21(3), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8616.2010.00678.x   DOI
26 Gratton, L. (2011). The shift: The future of work is already here. New York: HarperCollins.
27 Hackman, M. Z., & Johnson, C. E. (2013). Leadership: A communication perspective. Chicago, IL: Waveland Press.
28 Prisecaru, P. (2016). Challenges of the fourth industrial revolution. Knowledge Horizons. Economics, 8(1), 57. http://orizonturi.ucdc.ro/arhiva/khe-vol8-nr1-2016/09
29 Brown, W., & May, D. (2012). Organizational change and development: The efficacy of transformational leadership training. Journal of Management Development, 31(6), 520-536. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621711211230830   DOI
30 Changwong, K., Sukkamart, A., & Sisan, B. (2018). Critical thinking skill development: Analysis of a new learning management model for Thai high schools. Journal of International Studies, 11(2), 56-79. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-2/3   DOI
31 Sanner-Stiehr, E., & Kueny, C. R. (2017). From the top-down: Transformational leadership considerations for health care organizations. Journal of Hospital Administration, 6(4), 1. https://doi.org/10.5430/jha.v6n4p1   DOI
32 Raymer, S. D. (2014). The combined effects of leadership style and organizational culture type on psychological empowerment and organizational commitment. Fort Collins: Colorado State University.
33 Odunlami, S. A., Awosusi, O. O., & AwolusI, O. D. (2017). The influence of leadership styles on employees' performance: A study of selected private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Commerce and Management Perspective, 6(2), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.24105/gjcmp.6.2.1702 5   DOI
34 Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203   DOI
35 Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128   DOI
36 Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017b). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
37 Helena, L., & Ellyn, S. (2019). Leading through the fourth industrial revolution putting people at the center. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/whitepapers/leading-through-the-fourth-industrial-revolution-puttingpeople-at-the-centre
38 Olaka, M. H., Lewa, P., & Kiriri, P. (2017). Strategic leadership and implementation of strategy in commercial banks in Kenya: A case study of strategic direction. American Journal of Leadership and Governance, 1(1), 82-95. https://doi.org/10.47672/ajlg.276   DOI
39 Prestiadi, D., Zulkarnain, W., & Sumarsono, R. B. (2019). Visionary leadership in total quality management: efforts to improve the quality of education in the industrial revolution 4.0. Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on Education and Management (COEMA 2019), Malang, Indonesia, 25-26 October 2015 (pp. 202-206). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/coema-19.2019.40   DOI
40 Rowley, J., Baregheh, A., & Sambrook, S. (2011). Towards an innovation-type mapping tool. Management Decision, 49(1), 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741111094446   DOI
41 Rusliati, E., Mulyaningrum, M., Wibowo, A., & Narmaditya, B. S. (2020). Does entrepreneurial leadership matter for microenterprise development? Lesson from West Java in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 445-450. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.445   DOI
42 VanVactor, J. D. (2012). Collaborative leadership model in the management of health care. Journal of Business Research, 65(4), 555-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.02.021   DOI
43 Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8   DOI