• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2009

Most existing clustering protocols have been aimed to provide balancing the residual energy of each node and maximizing life-time of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we present the threshold based cluster head replacement strategy for clustering protocols in wireless sensor networks. This protocol minimizes the number of cluster head selection by preventing the cluster head replacement up to the threshold of residual energy. Reducing the amount of head selection and replacement cost, the life-time of the entire networks can be extended compared with the existing clustering protocols. Our simulation results show that our protocol outperformed than LEACH in terms of balancing energy consumption and network life-time.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify environmental factors strongly associated with and to estimate genetic parameters of reproductive traits in Japanese Black heifers. Methods: Data included reproduction records of Japanese Black heifers born between 2004 and 2014. First service non-return rate (NRR) to 56 days from first to successful insemination (FS), number of services per conception (IN), age at first calving (AFC) and gestation length were analyzed with the use of the general linear model. Genetic parameters were estimated with the use of the univariate animal model of the residual maximum likelihood. Results: Averages of reproductive traits over eleven years were assessed, and the effects of farm, year, month, artificial insemination technician and interaction of farm×year on the traits were determined. Estimated heritability of FS was very low and that of AFC was higher than that of the other traits. A close genetic relation was observed among NRR, IN, and FS; however, their heritabilities were very low. AFC shows favorable genetic correlation with IN and FS. Conclusion: Low heritabilities of most reproductive traits in Japanese Black heifers are strongly influenced by farm management practices, and that large residual variances make genetic evaluation difficult. Among the reproductive traits, AFC is potentially more useful for genetic improvement of heifer reproductive traits because it has high heritability and favorable genetic correlations with IN and FS.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to define the optimal boxthorn berries washing method for developing the boxthorn berries cleaner. We analyzed the rate of removal of residual pesticides according to washing methods; 1st - habitual washing method, 2nd - drum rotation washing method, 3th - drum rotation and air bubble washing method, 4th - drum rotation and nozzle spray washing method, 5th - drum rotation and air bubble and nozzle spray washing method. A rate of removal of residual pesticides of 88% was detected in the drum rotation and air bubble and nozzle spray washing method, and a rate of 82% was detected in the habitual washing method. The drum rotation and air bubble and nozzle spray washing method appeared to be the best good washing effect compared to the habitual washing method(about 6% compared to 82.0% higher). Clothianidin Triadimefon, Triforine ingredients, the drum rotation and air bubble and nozzle spray washing method efficiency was lower compared to the habitual washing method removal efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.472-475
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 청각장애인에게 자막방송을 제공하기 위하여 오디오 콘텐츠에 등장하는 음향 사건을 분류하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 복수의 잔차 신경망(ResNet)을 연결하는 연쇄잔차(concatenated residual) 신경망 구조를 갖는다. 신경망의 입력 특징을 위해 음성의 멜-주파수 켑스트럼 벡터를 다수의 프레임으로 결합하여 형성한 2 차원 이미지와 전체 프레임에 대한 멜-주파수 켑스트럼 벡터들로부터 얻은 1 차원의 통계 특징벡터를 얻는다. 각각의 입력은 2 차원 잔차 신경망과 1 차원 잔차 신경망으로 모델링되고, 두 개의 잔차 신경망을 연쇄연결(concatenation)하는 구조를 가진 연쇄잔차 신경망으로 구성된다. 성능평가를 위해 수집된 데이터셋으로부터 6-fold 교차검증을 통해 평가한 결과, 85.48%의 분류 정확도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

In this paper, a data dissemination protocol that transmits data collected for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is newly proposed, and the proposed proactive protocol takes into account energy consumption minimized and delay time disseminated. The well-known SPMS (Shortest Path Mined SPIN) forms the shortest path-based routing table obtained by Bellman Ford Algorithm (BFA) and disseminates data using a multi-hop path in order to minimize energy consumption. The mentioned properties of SPMS cause memory burden to create and maintain the routing tables. In addition, whenever BFA is executed, it is necessary to suffer from the energy consumption and traffic occurred. In order to overcome this problem, a proactive dissemination protocol using Residual Energy and Signal Strength, called RESS, is proposed in this paper. Simulation results show that RESS outperforms SPMS up to 84% in terms of the number of traffic messages and the transmitted delay time of RESS is similar to that of SPMS using the shortest path.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.212-236
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• 2009

This study is an attempt to deduct environmental uncertainties facing next-generation convergence services, in four areas including customer, technology, service provider and regulation. We assess the level of residual uncertainty with regard to key environmental uncertainty factors, and conduct a scenario planning analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, we provide suggestions on market entry strategy for providers of this next-generation convergence service. The strategic assessment of six scenarios developed in this study, each with two levels of residual uncertainty (alternate futures and a range of futures) resulted in two key success factors (KSF), namely, customer demand trends and easing of advertising restrictions. Four types of strategic scenarios were then discerned, for each of which we present response capabilities that may be required of service providers, along with strategic suggestions. The results of this study are rich in implications for both policy-makers and regulators seeking ways to create and stimulate a convergence service market and prospective providers of next-generation convergence services, as they provide concrete tips related to market entry strategy, including efficient resource allocation, types of market entry and time-frames for entry.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.311-315
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• 2014

Lantern fly(Lycorma delicatula) is a major invasive pest that causes withering symptom of agricultural crops by sucking tree sap and sooty mold symptom by producing honeydew. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence pattern of lantern fly in grape orchards in Gyeonggi area and the effect of winter temperature on L. delicatula egg survival during 2010 to 2013. In Gyeonggi areas, overwintered L. delicatula eggs began to hatch from early May and nymphs peaked in mid May. Adults emerged from late July and laid eggs until early November. The survival of L. delicatula eggs during overwintering was largely affected by winter temperatures. The relationship between the number of days below a threshold temperature (x) in January and the survival rate of overwintering L. delicatula eggs (y) was using linear regression model. The best model selected by the lowest RSS (residual sum of square) between predicted and actual survival was y = -1.0486 x + 94.496 ($R^2=0.7067$) with $-11^{\circ}C$ of threshold temperature. These results should be helpful to conduct L. delicatula management programs, since the results provided relivable prediction for the winter survival of L. delicatula eggs and the phenology of egg hatch in the spring.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.2231-2252
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• 2012

With the prevalence of diverse services-oriented applications, such as IPTV systems and on-line games, the current underlying communication networks face more and more challenges on the aspects of flexibility and adaptability. Therefore, an effective and efficient multicast routing mechanism, which can fulfill different requirements of different personalized services, is critical and significant. In this paper, we first define the neighbor gradient, which is calculated based on the weighted sum of attributes such as residual link capacity, normalized hop count, etc. Then two distributed multicast routing algorithms which are neighbor Gradient-based Multicast Routing for Static multicast membership (GMR-S) and neighbor Gradient-based Multicast Routing for Dynamic multicast membership (GMR-D), are proposed. GMR-S is suitable for static membership situation, while GMR-D can be used for the dynamic membership network environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed methods.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.9C no.4
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• pp.543-550
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• 2002

This paper proposes the dynamic slot allocation method for real-time VBR (rt-VBR) services in wireless ATM networks. The proposed method is characterized by a contention-based mechanism of the reservation request, a contention-free polling scheme for transferring the dynamic parameters. The base station scheduler allocates a dynamic parameter minislot to the wireless terminal for transferring the residual lifetime and the number of requesting slots as the dynamic parameters. The scheduling algorithm uses a priority scheme based on the maximum cell transfer delay parameter. Based on the received dynamic parameters, the scheduler allocates the uplink slots to the wireless terminal with the most stringent delay requirement. The simulation results show that the proposed method guarantee the delay constraint of rt-VBR services along with its cell loss rate significantly reduced.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.27-33
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• 2011

For compensation of channel distortion from multipath fading and impulsive noise, a decision feedback equalizer (DFE) algorithm based on minimization of Error entropy (MEE) is proposed. The MEE criterion has not been studied for DFE structures and impulsive noise environments either. By minimizing the error entropy with respect to equalizer weight based on decision feedback structures, the proposed decision feedback algorithm has shown to have superior capability of residual intersymbol interference cancellation in simulation environments with severe multipath and impulsive noise.