• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to search the architectural forms including the residence plan and wooden structure and the measuring unit in building sites named Bang in Gyeong_Ju, the capiatal of Silla dynasty. It includes the following three historic sites: JaMaeJung-ji, the east district of HwangLyong-sa (S1E1) and InWang-dong historic site. Especially, the data from excavating and studying the east district of HwangLyong-sa were very precious and meaningful. The results were as follows: 1) There are individual characteristics at the sites of JaMaeJung-ji, the east district of HwangLyong-sa and InWang-dong. 2) It is assumed that the builldings of the east district of HwangLyong-sa had most various types of plan and various types of wooden structures. 3) There were various types of wooden structures like as symmetrical or asymmetrical style, regular columnar or irregular columnar style and a third purlin location or a forth purlin location. 4) This study also showed there's a high probability that buildings at Bang sites had been built by the Tang dynaty scale. In Silla dynasty, there was similar tendency to BackJe Dynasty in the way that measuring unit changed according to the times.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to gain an in-depth understand of the dwelling needs of residents who are interested in Cohousing. To do this, we interviewed 18 urban residents who wanted a community life; investigated consciousness of neighbor relationships; and analyzed their consciousness of Cohousing residences, preference types, and spatial needs. At first the research has revealed that the neighbor relationships of the participants were not very close and that there was a difference in awareness levels between a 'good neighbor' and 'strange neighbor' with regard to neighbors, though all of the participants required a vitalization of these relationships. Second, Cohousing residence types could be divided into the 'life preferred type' and 'space preferred type', depending on the differences of pursued dwelling interests. These could be further segmented into the 'leisure life preferred type' and 'daily life preferred type', 'public space preferred type' and 'individual space preferred type'. Thirdly, preferences for Cohousing types varied depending on differences in priority with regard to important concepts of the social-physical environment (e.g., community property, effectiveness, naturalness, economic feasibility, and individuality). Finally, we found that the greatest needs were for public gardens and exercise space as aspects of the common spaces. Agreements pertaining to special use were considered as most important during the design process of the common spaces.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2020

There are remains of Japanese gardens in Korea which were built during Japanese occupation in 1910-1945. However, systematic database has not been established for location, quantity, nor types of remaining gardens. This study is aimed at defining current status of Japanese gardens built in Korea. By categorizing types of remaining these Japanese gardens, we also aimed to build a systematic data base for Japanese gardens in Korea. This study was co-conducted by researchers from Korea and Japan. The team identified 17 Japanese gardens remaining in South Korea and categorized them into 4 groups; 1) Japanese garden built by Japanese in modern Japanese house in South Korea, 2) Japanese garden built by Korean in traditional Korean garden and 3) Garden built by Japanese in temples in Korea. (at request by Koreans). This categorization reveals information about the inflow of Japanese gardening culture into Korea and deserves to be an important part of modern gardening History. And the rest are 4) Japanese gardens built at Korean residence, but with much damage and alternation. In this paper, we present the findings to serve as preliminary data for defining Korean traditional gardens and for utilizing Japanese gardens in Korea as historical and cultural infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 1994

The purpose of this study are to examine the types and sources of information used for housing choices and to figure out the related factors. Data are collected through self-administered questionnaires designed for this study, and the sample consists of 396 households in Pusan and Ulsan. The purposes are accomplished through descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses. Based on the results of analysis, housing information are divided into four specific types : economic. technical, housing unit, and neighborhood information. It is found that housing unit information including housing quality and economic information such as housing prices are identified as the most important ones for current and future housing choices. The most useful sources of housing information utilized for current housing are friends, relatives and neighbors. In addition, model house, real estate office, newspaper and adverizement are the another useful sources for housing information. Among them, the model house is the most helpful one for variety of housing information. Young households and those with a head whose occupation is professional/managerial tend to have higher recognition of the importance of housing information than do the other groups. The households currently living in small apartment and with a young eldest child are likely to have higher recognition of the importance of econimic information. Tenure type, the occupation of the household head, the age of the eldest child, and length of residence are the significant explanatory variables of the recognition of the importance of housing unit information.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2009

This study aimed to identify and compare variables affecting life satisfaction of older women by focusing on household types and poverty levels. The study used data from the Korea Longitudinal Study of Aging administered by the Korea Labor Institute in 2006. The data for 1,017 older women ages over 65 including 427 single households and 590 couple households was analyzed. First, interaction effects of household types and poverty levels on life satisfaction were statistically significant. For the non-poverty households of older women, there was no explicit difference between single households and couple households in life satisfaction, but for the poverty households, single households were lower in life satisfaction than couple households. Second, as a result of reviewing four groups of older women (poverty-single household, poverty-couple household, non-poverty-single household, and non-poverty-couple household), besides religion, it was found that there were significant differences in age, education level, number of children, health level, residence area, and status of economic activity. Third, when analyzing variables affecting life satisfaction, common predictors for the four groups were health level and ownership of house. Older women who perceived to be healthier and owned their own homes were higher in life satisfaction. For poverty-single households, older women with over middle school graduation were also higher in life satisfaction, but for poverty-couple households, older women with over middle school graduation and more children were higher.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2015

Objective: This study aims to analyze occupational accidents of moving helpers by work place type which means the type of residence where moving operation is done. Background: Most efforts have been focused on the industry base comprising various occupational spectrum and provided industry general preventative policies. But occupation specific policies are required for the workers involved and will reduce the occurrences of occupational accidents for the workers subject to similar working environment and process. Method: This study analyzes 208 non-motor vehicle collision related occupational accidents of moving helpers working for used household and office goods moving industry occurring from 2010 to 2012. Accident Type, agencies, event or exposure, parts of body affected are characterized by work places according to the work environment. Results: Accidents characteristics showed the difference between high-rise type and low-rise type on the size of enterprise, age, gender and work experience of the injured. Also the accident type, source of accident and parts of body affected are different between the two work place types. Finally, Accidents occurred on the specific operational processes of moving service also showed different characteristic between the two types. Conclusion and Application: The findings of accident characteristics according to workplace types and operational process of moving service can be used as baseline data for establishing systemized preventative policies for occupational accidents of moving helpers.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.13-27
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• 2012

This study explored the parental belief types of mothers who had defected from North Korea and found out its relationship to the mother's child-rearing behaviors and socio-demographical variables and the child's age. 89 mothers who had defected from North Korea with the youngest child being under 20 years old, responded to the questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed by cluster analysis, MANOVA, and $X^2$-test. The results showed that the parental beliefs were clustered into 3 types: 'high child- and parent-centered & low cultural transformation'(cluster 1)(37.08%), 'low child- and parent-centered & middle cultural transformation'(cluster 2)(46.03%), and 'high child- and parent-centered & high cultural transformation'(cluster 3)(16.85%). The differences among the clusters were found in the warmth-acceptance and rejection-restriction dimensions of the mother's child-rearing behaviors. The frequencies of each cluster were meaningfully different depending on the mother's age, educational level, length of residence in South Korea, and their child's age. Based on these findings, the implications and suggestions were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.680-685
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• 2005

Purpose. The purpose of the study was to categorize nursing students' subjectivity in their attitude toward their jobs, and thereby understand the differences among these attitude types. Methods. The study used a Q-method to measure nursing students' attitude toward jobs identity types. In-depth and objective interviews and literature review formed Q sample. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students. Results. The results of the study show that nursing students can be categorized into three types, depending on their attitudes toward their jobs. The firs type, 'interest-oriented' students, strongly disagree to the follow-ing: giving priority to job over marriage, standing unfair treatment in the workplace, the importance of pro-motion opportunity, irresponsibility, and uncertainty. The 'reward-oriented' students, on the other hand, strongly disagree to the following: indifference to career prospects, employment-related relocation of residence, irresponsibility, standing difficulties, and compromises with others. The third type of nursing students is the possession-oriented students, who strongly disapprove of irresponsibility, refusal to compromise with reality, standing unfair job allocation or promotion and career uncertainty. Conclusions. The study on nursing college students' attitude toward their jobs is meaningful in the following aspects: First, the study clarifies nursing college students' attitudes toward their job by categorizing it. Second, the study confirms the changing attitudes of nursing students toward jobs with the change of times and calls for proper educational programs to foster healthy career attitudes. Third, proper decision-making as regards jobs and job allocation for nurses, or their career attitudes, is beneficial to individuals, the medical industry, and society.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

Since 1980's, Countless schools across the nation, particularly in rural areas, have been closed down by the large fall in number of students. Otherwise, an elderly population has been increasing rapidly, so the demand for welfare services for the elderly population is also increasing. However, the supply of elderly welfare facilities remains inadequate. The purpose of this study is to propose remodelling plan of elderly welfare facility using Closed schools. The result of this study were as follows; in unit-based facility plans, Single room type can be used for elder who lives alone or an elderly couple. Senior Congregate Housing type can be used for four to five people. These two types have equal sunlight and ventilation conditions for each room, and are for an old man in relatively good health. Membership resort type is for the healthy senior who lives in the rural area or lives in the city who wants short-term residence. In case of a Nursing home type, the existing one-sided corridor was converted into a central corridor and each classroom is divided into four rooms. This type has advantage for nursing and management, on the other hand, the corridor is narrow and each room has differences for sunlight and ventilation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.163-177
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate the supporting-attitude type of the eldest son and his wife living seperately from his parents. This research focused on the various degree of intergenerational solidarity between the eldest son and his wife and his parents. For this study, the supporting-attitude types were classified into 4 types: these combine 2 types of residence (living together with the parents or living seperately from the parents) with 2 types of financial support (with with-out financial support0. The concept of intergenerational solidarity, comprises three elements: objective solidarity, subjective solidarity (attachment and conflict), and consensual solidarity (filial obligation). The subjects of this study were 166 couples living seperately from son's parents in Seoul city. The data were analyzed by multiple discriminant analyses, one way ANOVA's, and the paired t-test. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Although the majority of the eldest sons live now away from the parents home, they expect to eventually live together with and support their parents financially. The majority of the wives, however, do not want to live together with their husbands' parents even though expecting to support them financially. 2. According to the discriminant analyses, the supporting-attitude types of the eldest sons were discriminated by attachment and conflict, and those of their wives by conflict and obligation. 3. There were significant difference between supporting-attitude types in terms of intergenerational solidarity. In general, the couples expecting to live together with the parents reported a higher degree of attachment, a stronger sense of obligation, and a lower degree of conflict than the couples expecting to live seperately from the parents. 4. Significant differences between the husbands and the wives were found in attachment, obligation, and conflict. While the husbands showed higher attachment and obligation than their wives, the wives showed higher conflict than the husbands. No significant difference, however, was found between the couples in objective solidarity.