• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.233-239
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• 2002

This paper explores the applications of feature-based representation and design in the area of design for manufacturing to incorporate the tooling and process considerations into the early stages of bonnet tool design. The goal of this research is apply the concepts of feature-based design and to development an interactive design tool using relations and arrive at optimal design for the given process conditions. This paper illustrates the development of a tool design aided system that was constructed using these concepts and applied to designing bonnet sheet metal parts.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.62-67
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• 1999

In milling, cutting tool ins directly attached to spindle and this tells that spindle can provide very useful information on the cutting tool condition such as wear or breakage. Since spindle is rotating at a high speed, measuring spindle velocity using a noncontacting measurement system gives the best information which can be obtained. Due to the force applied to spindle through cutting tool, velocity of spindle changes. And any change in cutting tool condition affects cutting force and consequently spindle vibration. With the intent of continuously monitoring cutting tool condition in intermittent machining operations in a benign manner, a noncontacting velocity measurement system using a laser Doppler velocimeter was assembled to measure spindle torsional vibration. Spindle vibration was measured and analysis of it in the frequency domain yielded a measure which corresponded to amount of cutting tool wear in milling.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1092-1096
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• 1988

This paper presents a research on the development of a system which manages be tool data for the factory using NC machines. The tool information concerning each production stages of the industry is studied in the CIM(Computer Integrated Manufacturing) view point. The system gives the characteristics of the easy and reliable processing of the tool data by the help of menu and graphic functions. The DBMS(Data Base Management System) having relational model is used for the system build-up and is interfaced with CAD system for display of the tool geometry.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.5-21
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to develop a tool for evaluating nurses' performance by using Balanced Score Card (BSC) in hospital units. Methods: Preliminary survey was done in 10 hospitals to investigate evaluation criteria for nurses' performance. For the main study, each of 14 nursing managers evaluated 2 nursing units (total of 28 nursing units) to verify the sensitivity of the tool criteria. The evaluation result drawn from the preliminary BSC tool was analyzed to verify the sensitivity and validity of the tool. Results: As a result, nurses' performance evaluation tool consisted of 4 categories, 8 objectives, and 14 criteria was developed. Conclusion: The BSC tool for nurses' performance evaluation provides meaningful data in evaluating nursing performance in hospital units.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2004

This research describes that the cutting characteristics and tool wear behavior in the micro cutting of three kinds of wear resistant cemented carbides (WC-Co; V40, V50 and V60) using PCD (Poly Crystalline Diamond) and PCBN (Poly crystalline Cubic Boron Nitride) cutting tools by use of the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) direct observation method. The purpose of this research is to present reasonable cutting conditions from the viewpoint of high efficient cutting refer to a precise finished surface and tool wear. Summary of the results is as follows: (1) The cutting forces tend to increase as the increase of the weight percentage of WC particles, and the thrust forces was larger than the principal forces in the cutting of WC-Co. These phenomena were different from the ordinary cutting such as cutting of steel or cast iron. (2) The cutting speed hardly influenced the thrust force, because of the frictional force between the cutting tool edge and small WC particles at low cutting speed region such as 2$\mu\textrm{m}$/s. It seemed that the thrust cutting force occurred by the contact between the flank face and work material near the cutting edge. (3) The wear mechanism for PCD tools is abrasion by hard WC particles of the work materials, which leads diamond grain to be detached from the bond. (4) From the SEM direct observation in cutting the WC-Co, it seems that WC particles are broken and come into contact with the tool edge directly. This causes tool wear, resulting in severe tool damage. (5) In the orthogonal micro cutting of WC-Co, the tool wear in the flank face was formed bigger than that in the rake face on orthogonal micro cutting. And the machining surface integrity on the side of the cutting tool with a negative rake angle was better than that with a positive one, as well as burr in the case of using the cutting tool with a negative rake angle was formed very little compared to the that with a positive one.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.266-271
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• 2008

Recently, concern about urban residence community will increase from the 1990s in Korea, and the activity is active. In this research, by holding the workshop by participation with inhabitants spontaneous for Seowoon-dong of Cheongju City which is a place of urban residence, a workshop tool which is different in that process is tried, and that validity is evaluated. As a result of there being three, 'The tool of inhabitants opinion expression using figure card', 'PIC tool', and a 'The tool of inhabitants opinion expression using a drawing', as a workshop tool and examining the validity, validity of two, 'The tool of inhabitants opinion expression using figure card' and 'PIC tool', is high. Moreover, if some are complemented also with 'The tool using a drawing', it can use with it. Finally, in a future inhabitants workshop, residents' agreement formation is important and the system maintenance hurries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.31
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• pp.21-31
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• 1994

In this research, tool allocation methods are studied in conjunction with loading and muting in FMSs. The objective function is to minimize production time while maximizing machine utilization of the FMS with several constraints. The proposed method has 2 steps. The first step is to determine tool allocation type with the proposed tool allocation method. The second step is to design loading models with routing. The effectiveness of the proposed FMS operation procedure is shown through numerical examples.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.163-168
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• 2000

In this paper, a 3-D computer-aided die design process was developed for automobile rear frame with drawing, trimming, flanging, cam-piercing and piercing for tool design. The tool design has been done using Pro/Engineer on a personal computer. It is composed of four stations. The goal of this research is to apply each of stations for the standard tool specification to each station.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.868-877
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• 1996

This study was done to analyze research trends and to suggest future perspectives for nursing research on fatigue. The author reviewed 31 Korean and foreign research papers which have been published in the literature since 1970. An analysis of the study focused on the type of research subjects, type of study design. measurement instrument, and its correlated parameters. The results of the study are summarized as follows : First, within all of the studies analayzed, 14 studies were publised in Korea and 17 were published abroad. The number of studies done abroad have been increasing rapidly since 1991. Second, an analysis of the research design of the studies showed, eight studies each, Korean and foreign used survey design. Two Korean studies and seven foreign studies used a correlational design. Four comparative studies were done in Korea, but only two experimetal studies were performed abroad. Therefore, it was found that the trend of the study design used is survey design and there are more correlational studies done abroad than in Korea. Third, the type of the study subjects ; 11 Korean and three foreign studies dealt with healthy people. In addition, three Korean and 14 foreign studies investigated patients with various illnesses. It was found that patients with various illnesses were studied more frequently in foreign studies than in Korean studies. Fourth, the measurement tool used in the Korean studies ; 13 studies used a testible tool to assess patients' subjective symtoms or complaints of fatigue. The most commonly used tool used in 10 studies, was the Fatigue Self-Perception Scale, which was designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan. The Visual Analogue Scale was used in two studies, and Piper Fatigue Scale, addtional with physiologic parameters, was used in one study. In the foreign studies, subjective measurement tools were used in 16 studies. A combination of a subjective measurement tool with objective parameters was used in ten studies. For the subjective measurement tool used in the foreign studies, a specific measurement tool developed by the researcher which was used in seven studies. Either Rhoten Fatigue Scale or the Visual Analog Scale were used in three studies. Additionally, in order to identify the relationship between fatigue and psychological factors, The Profile of Mood State was used in three studies. Beck Depression Inventory was used in two studies. The Self Rated Depression Scale, developed by Zung, was used in one study and other measurement tools were used to measure various psychological parameters. Rhoten fatigue Checklist was also used to observe behavior patterns. Lastly, nine studies identified correlations between fatigue and other parameters. A significant correlation was found between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. As a result of the above findings, it can be said that research trends on fatigue are increasing internationally. The selected study designs are survey studies both in Korea and abroad. There are more correlational studies abroad than in Korea. In addition, subjective measurement tools and objective parameters are used variously and combined with each other. had, there is a significant correlation between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. More survey and correlational studies need to be done to identify the relationship of fatigue in patients with various condition or diagnoses and to suggest a scientific basis for nursing interventions with fatigue. Also, a tool to assess patient's subjective, objective, and behavioral aspects on fatigue needs to be developed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.513-519
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• 2006

As a very important part in development of the protocol, verifications for developed protocol specification are complementary techniques that are used to increase the level of confidence in the system functions by their specifications. Using the informal method for specifying the protocol, some ambiguity may be contained therein. This indwelling ambiguity in control systems can cause the occurrence of accidents, especially in the case of safety-critical systems. To clear the vagueness contained in the designed protocol, we use the LTS (Labeled Transition System) model to design the protocol for railway signaling. And then, we verify the safety and the liveness properties formally through the model checking method. The modal ${\mu}$-calculus, which is an expressive method of temporal logic, has been applied to the model checking method. We verify the safety and liveness properties of Korean standard protocol for railway signaling systems. To perform automatic verification of the safety and liveness properties of the designed protocol, a communication verification tool is implemented. The developed tools are implemented by C++ language under Windows XP. It is expected to increase the safety and reliability of communication protocol for signaling systems by using the developed communication verification tool.