• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.13
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• pp.5469-5474
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to examine the level of knowledge, attitude, acceptance, and willingness to pay (WTP) for HPV vaccination among female parents of girls aged 12-15 years in Thailand. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight schools across Bangkok. Results: Of 1,200 questionnaires sent out, a total of 861 questionnaires were received. Knowledge regarding the HPV vaccine among parents was quite low. Only half of the parents knew about the link between HPV and cervical cancer while one-third of them knew that the vaccine should be administered to the children before they become sexually active. Nevertheless, vaccine acceptance was high if it was offered for free: 76.9% for the bivalent and 74.4% for the quadrivalent vaccine. The proportion of respondents who were willing to copay for the vaccine if it was not totally free was also high, ranging from 68.9% for the bivalent to 67.3% for the quadrivalent vaccine. No significant difference between bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines in terms of prevalence of acceptance and willingness to pay was found. About one-third of the participants, who were willing to copay for the vaccine if it was not offered for free, indicated that they would copay less than 500 baht (30 baht = approx US$1) for three doses of bivalent vaccine. Conclusions: Substantial effort should be made to educate parents prior to introduction of a national HPV vaccination program. In terms of acceptance, either bivalent or quadrivalent vaccines can be recommended.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3319-3323
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• 2015

Background: Community pharmacists play an important role in tobacco control and adequate training on smoking cessation is essential. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was used. A one-day workshop on smoking cessation organized by Indonesian Pharmacists Association as part of PCE program was offered to 133 community pharmacists. The workshop consisted of a 3-hour lecture and a 3-hour role-play session. Pre-training and post-training surveys assessed the impact of training on parameters including knowledge, perceived role and self-efficacy with respect to smoking cessation counseling practices. Intention and ability to perform counseling using the 5A framework was assessed after training only. Results: After PCE, knowledge score significantly increased from $24.9{\pm}2.58$ to $35.7{\pm}3.54$ (p<0.001). Perceived role and self-efficacy in smoking cessation counseling also significantly increased from $25.8{\pm}2.73$ to $28.7{\pm}2.24$, and $27.6{\pm}4.44$ to $32.6{\pm}3.63$, respectively (p<0.001). After the workshop, most participants were willing to ask, advise, and assess patients who ready to quit, but were still less likely to assist in quitting plans and arranging follow up counseling. More than 75% pharmacists were able to perform cessation counseling and 65% of them can completely perform a 5A brief intervention. Conclusions: PCE can enhance pharmacists' knowledge, perceived role, self-efficacy in cessation counseling practices, and create willingness and ability to perform cessation counseling. Future training is recommended to improve skills in assisting quitting plans and arranging follow up.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 2015

This research focused on the solid and nitrate removal efficiency in a solid digestion-denitrification column. The 20 L up-flow column consisted of 18 L acrylic column with 2 L down-comer inlet tube located in the middle. In the first part, the wastewater with high suspended solids from the Tilapia fish tank was applied into the sedimentation unit at 5 variable flow rates i.e., 11.25, 25.71, 60, 105.88 and 360 L/h. The results indicated that the flow rate of 11.25 L/h (0.57 m/h) gave the highest solid removal efficiency of $72.72%{\pm}8.24%$. However, the total suspended solids removal was highest at 360 L/h (18.13 m/h). In the second part, methanol was added as an external organic carbon source for denitrification process in a hybrid column containing settled solids. The COD:N ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1 were investigated and compared with control without methanol addition. This experiment was operated at the HRT of 1 h with 450 L wastewater from recirculating aquaculture pond containing 100 mg-N/L sodium nitrate. The results indicated that the COD:N ratio of 3:1 gave the highest nitrate removal efficiency of $33.32%{\pm}21.18%$ with the denitrification rate of 5,102.88 mg-N/day.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2001

Hangout is already recognized as a world famous writing system. However, the typefaces that may show the excellence of Hangeul lack the systemic development, and their frequent change without independence rather causes an obstruction to the development of visual culture and informational systematization of the country. In this paper, I presume that the core of this obstruction is caused by a lack of successful inheritance of the creation philosophy and principle of Hangeul. In order to prove this premise definitively, I saw Hangul from the viewpoint of design, and suggested the base and objectivity to solve the problem by systematically define the excellence of Hangeul. In this paper, 1 confirmed that the creation philosophy and principle of Hangeul had the design philosophy that was appropriate for social and cultural background of that time, and went through rational design process. Therefore, as I mentioned earlier, the due for the problem with Hangeul typefaces can be found when it is handled based on the creation philosophy and principle. Furthermore, the creation of Hangeul can be explained as a creation of rational and scientific letter as a method of easier communication between different people and nations. Therefore, the study of the design method and principle used in the process of Hangul creation may provide the new base for the methodology of visual communication design, and it may be a core research subject to find the root of Korean design philosophy.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.633-650
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• 2013

All the imputation techniques proposed so far in literature for data imputation are offline techniques as they require a number of iterations to learn the characteristics of data during training and they also consume a lot of computational time. Hence, these techniques are not suitable for applications that require the imputation to be performed on demand and near real-time. The paper proposes a computational intelligence based architecture for online data imputation and extended versions of an existing offline data imputation method as well. The proposed online imputation technique has 2 stages. In stage 1, Evolving Clustering Method (ECM) is used to replace the missing values with cluster centers, as part of the local learning strategy. Stage 2 refines the resultant approximate values using a General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) as part of the global approximation strategy. We also propose extended versions of an existing offline imputation technique. The offline imputation techniques employ K-Means or K-Medoids and Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP)or GRNN in Stage-1and Stage-2respectively. Several experiments were conducted on 8benchmark datasets and 4 bank related datasets to assess the effectiveness of the proposed online and offline imputation techniques. In terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), the results indicate that the difference between the proposed best offline imputation method viz., K-Medoids+GRNN and the proposed online imputation method viz., ECM+GRNN is statistically insignificant at a 1% level of significance. Consequently, the proposed online technique, being less expensive and faster, can be employed for imputation instead of the existing and proposed offline imputation techniques. This is the significant outcome of the study. Furthermore, GRNN in stage-2 uniformly reduced MAPE values in both offline and online imputation methods on all datasets.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.325-333
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• 2016

The Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) introduced its new Mission Oriented Evaluation System (MOES) for government affiliated research institutes and Government Supported Research Institutes (GSRI) on science and technology in 2013. The Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) is the first MOES applied Science and Technology (S&T) GSRI, that has research divisions focusing on geoscience and geological surveys, mineral resources extraction and utilization, petroleum extraction and marine mineral research, and geological applied and environment research. In appling the final evaluation of MOES on KIGAM, we found difficulty classifing the concepts of research excellence and risk (innovativeness) in guidelines of Research Evaluation Indicators (REIs) of MSIP. We have developed quantitative and qualitative indicators that can present research excellence and risk (innovativeness) through the KIGAM World Class Laboratory (WCL) strategy and related studies, innovative research and development guidelines of MSIP (2013a) and honorable R&D failure guidelines of MSIP (2013b). We have applied our developed REIs in KIGAM which handles basic research, applied and development research and public services. Therefore, our developed REIs can be effectively applied in every S&T GSRI.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2012

This study aimed to explore teachers' perceived beliefs regarding teaching practice in the context of three-year Professional Development Project (ProDev) implementing lesson study incorporating Open Approach. The data were collected through questionnaire distributing to the teachers in three schools. Qualitative data were collected through participatory observation on teaching practice and interviewing members of lesson study team. The findings revealed that teacher's perceived beliefs regarding teaching practice could be categorized into three categories according to 3 phases of lesson study as the followings: 1) Perceived beliefs related to collaboratively designing research lessons 2) Perceived beliefs related to collaboratively observing their friend teaching the research lesson 3) Perceived beliefs related to collaboratively doing post-discussion or reflection on the activities of the two phases.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1571-1574
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• 2003

A shared compliant control scheme based on IMC is proposed for the position-force force reflecting control system. The controller of the slave manipulator is designed by IMC method for the open loop unstable plant. The compliant control is implemented by first order low pass filter. In the proposed scheme, the slave manipulator well tracks the position of the master manipulator in free space and the compliance of the slave manipulator is autonomously controlled in contact condition. The simulation results show that the excellence of the proposed controller.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.101-121
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• 2009

The research literature presents that Total Quality Management (TQM) has been successfully embraced by firms for strategic and operational management in the last decades. However few studios analyze the role of TQM practices in the R&D environment. The objective of this study is to evaluate TQM practices implemented in manufacturing-based R&D organizations with respect to R&D performance. Our research model is primarily based on Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence framework, including three moderating variables (industry type, organization size, quality management system certification), to propose hypotheses on the relationships between leadership practice, management practice and R&D performance. Results of canonical correlation analysis using data from 130 R&D organizations show that in aggregate leadership practice is positively related to management practice which is, in turn, positively related to R&D performance. These relationships are, however, affected by the moderating variables. Our results imply that TQM practices can be strategically adopted in the R&D organization.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

This paper is structured into three main parts and a conclusion. The main section provide definitions of efficiency, effectiveness and performance in terms of the distribution channel, followed by a review of related performance measurement, before discussing difficulties of measurement. According to the theoretical approach, it appears that key theroretical issues are centered around customer service, logistics excellence, time compression, the use of IT, and a move towards integrated logistics. The empirical approach shows that in the past, various financial performance indicators were regarded as relevant management information. However, today, management needs additional performance indicators. Therefore, external assessments of effectiveness must be performed to measure customers' satisfaction with the physical flow of product through the distribution channel network. So, what is needed is to take previous normative and explorative research and progress through a framework by developing valid measures of distribution channel's effectiveness and efficiency, and identifying research methodologies suited to the data collection requirements.