• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2023

This study shares details on the operating process and results of the cohort of students and graduates that was designed and implemented at Konyang University College of Medicine in Daejeon and discusses future directions for cohort establishment and improvement. First, Konyang University College of Medicine established the necessity and defined the purpose of cohort design and implementation. A task force was formed to establish guidelines for analysis targets, procedures, reports, and data management, and cohort operation was classified as a quality control activity. Data were collected through surveys of current students and graduates, and data generated during the curriculum were collected, analyzed, and reported every 2 years. The cohort data collection and analysis methods are designed by the Department of Medical Education, and data collection is carried out by the administrative team and each committee. Data management and analysis are handled by the Center for Medical Education Support, and analysis and reporting are conducted by the Department of Medical Education. Various members of the medical school are working to collect and analyze data, report findings, provide feedback, and improve. In the future, we plan to advance database computerization and work toward more effective data analysis. Cohort operation should not be another burden for medical schools; instead, it is hoped that operating cohorts will be a meaningful activity to increase the effectiveness of medical education and help in the operation and policy decisions of medical schools.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권5호
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• pp.1083-1095
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• 2020

2019년 비뇨생식기 초음파와 MRI의 보험급여 범위가 확대되어 보다 많은 환자들이 급여로 영상검사를 받을 수 있게 되었다. 비뇨기계 초음파와 MRI는 암 환자 등 중증질환 환자에서 는 기존에도 급여 혜택을 받을 수 있었으나 이번 급여 범위 확대로 초음파의 경우 대부분의 질환, MRI의 경우에도 조직검사 전 전립선암이나 난소암 의증, 자궁근종절제술 시행 전 자궁 MRI, 각종 선천 기형 등 양성질환에서도 급여로 검사가 가능해졌다. 그러나 급여화로 인해 각 검사 별 적응증과 추적검사 가능 질환 및 횟수 등이 복잡해지고 획득하여야 할 표준영상과 언급하여야 하는 판독소견서의 양식이 정해져 있어 검사를 처방하고 시행하는 의사들이 주의해야 할 사항들이 생겼다. 건강보험 적용 기준에 대한 충분한 이해를 통한 진료는 환자들의 진료 결과를 증진시키는 데 도움이 될 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.880-893
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• 2019

Objective: To assess the technical performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for measuring liver stiffness. Materials and Methods: The Ovid-MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies reporting the technical performance of 2D-SWE, including concerns with technical failures, unreliable measurements, interobserver reliability, and/or intraobserver reliability, published until June 30, 2018. The pooled proportion of technical failure and unreliable measurements was calculated using meta-analytic pooling via the random-effects model and inverse variance method for calculating weights. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential causes of heterogeneity. The pooled intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for interobserver and intraobserver reliability were calculated using the Hedges-Olkin method with Fisher's Z transformation of the correlation coefficient. Results: The search yielded 34 articles. From 20 2D-SWE studies including 6196 patients, the pooled proportion of technical failure was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.9%). The pooled proportion of unreliable measurements from 20 studies including 6961 patients was 7.5% (95% CI, 4.7-11.7%). In the subgroup analyses, studies conducting more than three measurements showed fewer unreliable measurements than did those with three measurements or less, but no intergroup difference was found in technical failure. The pooled ICCs for interobserver reliability (from 10 studies including 517 patients) and intraobserver reliability (from 7 studies including 679 patients) were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82-0.90) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.95), respectively, suggesting good to excellent reliability. Conclusion: 2D-SWE shows good technical performance for assessing liver stiffness, with high technical success and reliability. Future studies should establish the quality criteria and optimal number of measurements.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2024

Background: Telework adoption in Taiwan has surged because of government guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the disclosure practices of Taiwanese-listed companies, assessing their adherence to government telework guidelines and their correlation with corporate governance, focusing on occupational health measures. Methods: We conducted a guideline-adherent cohort analysis of the 2020 and 2021 sustainability reports of 295 Taiwanese-listed companies. We assessed their disclosure of corporate measures for teleworking in alignment with two government guidelines, specifically occupational health measures. Using the McNemar test and general estimating equation analysis, we compared the 2020 and 2021 responses and examined their associations with corporate governance rankings. Results: Telework adoption increased significantly from 2020 to 2021, with 68% of companies reporting new work modes. The mentioning of government guidelines also increased to 67% by 2021. Companies with higher governance rankings were more likely to adopt online occupational health measures, including occupational health services (RR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.41-2.94; p < 0.001) and mental health promotion activities (RR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.06-3.82; p = 0.032), than those with low rankings. Although on-site and online occupational health services increased, home workspace assessments did not. Conclusion: Our findings highlight significant upward trends in the disclosure of telework measures following the issuance of government guidelines. Corporate governance is significantly associated with the implementation of occupational health measures. Amid the evolution of teleworking, both government guidelines and corporate governance have become essential for shaping work arrangements and ensuring workforce well-being.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.137-155
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• 2024

기후위기 시대를 맞아 '2050 탄소중립' 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 해운산업뿐만 아니라 글로벌 공급망의 주요 거점인 항만의 탈탄소화가 뒷받침되어야 가능하다. 이에 본 연구는 항만의 탈탄소화 개념 정립에 이어, 항만 배출가스 오염원별로 항만 탈탄소 전환의 장애요인과 해결방안을 문헌 연구를 통해 검토해 보았다. 이어 세계 주요 항만들의 탈탄소화 이행 목표와 전략에 대해 사례분석을 통해 살펴보았으며, 성과기반 스코어 측정방법을 이용하여 국내 5대 항만들의 탈탄소화 이행 수준을 정량적으로 평가해 보았다. 분석 결과, 국내 항만들의 탈탄소화 수준은 전반적으로 선진국 항만들에 비해 상당히 뒤처져 있는 상황이다. 특히 환경친화적 내륙운송을 위한 조치, 미래 대안연료 벙커링 시설, 그리고 다양한 시장기반 인센티브 정책이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 국내 항만의 탈탄소 전환을 위한 정책과제로서는 첫째, 항만에서 배출되는 온실가스의 배출량 목록, 모니터링, 보고체계 수립과 관련 정보 공개의 필요, 둘째, 다양한 온실가스 저감조치의 믹스전략, 셋째, 항만의 신재생에너지 비중 제고 등을 제시하였다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2024

Objectives : Anxiety is an important mental health symptom associated with healthcare utilization. This research aims to identify the demographic, socio-economic, and health-related factors associated with the use of Korean medicine (KM) treatments in adults experiencing anxiety. Methods : We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the Korea Health Panel Annual Data 2019. Logistic regression models were employed to examine the relationships between KM utilization and various factors such as economic activity, perceived stress levels, and presence of physical discomfort. The study sample included 552 adults experiencing anxiety. Results : Among the subjects, 19.20% were using both conventional treatment and KM treatment. The analysis revealed that individuals engaged in economic activities were more likely to use KM treatments compared to those who were not (odds ratio [OR] = 2.207, 95% confidential interval [CI] = 1.316 to 3.699). Additionally, individuals reporting high levels of pain or discomfort showed a significantly higher likelihood of using both KM and conventional medical services (OR = 2.933, 95% CI = 1.645 to 5.231). Musculoskeletal conditions were the most common reason for KM utilization among the study participants. Conclusion : The findings suggest that economic activity and the severity of physical discomfort significantly influence the use of KM treatments among adults with anxiety. These insights could inform healthcare policy and the integration of KM services into broader health management strategies for anxiety.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.58-75
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• 1988

1.Objectives of the Study It is a well known fact that a prompt and reliable data on demographic information is essential in a proper planning and evaluation of any program of national or community level. Especially vital statistics are an important demographic component among demographic information. Realizing the importance of vital statistics, the government has made some efforts for years to improve the vital registration system which has a close relationship with the production of vital statistics. However, it is still observed that there are some limitations in utilizing vital registration data due to considerable amount of vital events which are never registered and registered but not in time or inaccurately, even though vital registration system in Korea has sound legal basis. In this connection, the objectives of the study is as follows :(1) To examine some problems of the vital registration system in various aspects, (2) To make improvement programme of continuous Demographic Survey as a supplementary source of vital statistics, and (3) To find out some alternatives for making it possible to produce and utilize the reliable vital statistics by developing analytical methodologies on that. 2. Current Situation of Vital Registration System All the vital events, i.e. births, deaths, marriages and divorces, are to be registered in time under the Civil Registration Law, Statistics Law and Regulation on Vital Statstics as a duty of people. Some recent tendencies in each of recent registration are summarized as below: (1) The completeness of vital registration .Out of all births which are occurred during a year, around 75% of those compared to the estimates are registered in the year of occurrence. .In case of death registration, the percentage of registration in the year of occurrene has been gradually increased from 86.2% in the year of 1980, but it is still below the level of 90% compared to the estimates. .The percentage of registration for marriages and divorces in the year of occurrence out of total registered numbers was revealed to be 69% and 73% respectively in 1985. (2) Continuous Demographic Survey .It is a kind of sample survey for the purpose of producing reliable vital statistics which could not be provided by the vital registration. .It covers about 17, 000 sample households at national level and important information for vital events are collected in every month by 323 expertized enumerators who are regular staff of the government. .Although the result of the survey seems to be more reliable than of vital registration, the reliability of the data is still bellow the acceptable level if compared with relevant information from other sources such as population census or special surveys. 3. Problems of Vital Registration System There are four major obstacles in improving vital registration system in Korea; (1) In general, policy priority is not given on any programme of improving vital registration system. It is, therefore, very difficult to formulate comprehensive programme through having cooperation from related authorities and sufficient financial assistance. (2) In all the laws related and system itself, there is substantial degree of overlap and irrationality. Registration of each vital event is maintained according to several laws and regulation such as Civil Registration Law, Statistics Law, Resident Registration Law and Regulation on Vital Statistics. However they are mutually overlapped and overall supervision can not be done systematically due to lack of co-operation among the authorities concerned. (3) The administration of vital registration system seems to be working inefficiently, because of most of civil servants who are in charge of vital registration are lacking of conception on vital statistics and also there is a certain extent of regidity in handling the works. Therefore, they are doing their jobs in a passive way. (4) A substantial proportion of vital events occurred is not registered within the legal time limit (i.e. within one month after the occurrence in case of birth and death) or not registered forever. Some of social customs and superstitution seem to be the potential causes especially in case of births and deaths. 4. Recommendations for the Improvement of Vital Statistics (1) Reporting systems such as civil registration, vital statistics and resident registration should be integrated under the single law. Also, administrative supervision, personnel and budget with regard to the registration system should be under the control of a single ministry. (2) It is necessary to simplify the procedures and methods of reporting vital events, i.e., reducing number of sheets of the form, making corrections easily, reducing registration items, etc. (3) Continuous Demographic Survey as a supplementary source of vital registration should be improved and special ad-hoc surveys should be conducted wth regular interval. (4) In-depth analysis should be done using various sources of data on vital statistics. 5. Concluding Remarks From this study, we can notice that temporary campaign and motivation programs are not sufficient to improve the quality of vital statistics. Strong intentions and continuous efforts of the government are needed for the improvement of the vital registration system. Furthermore, most of the data collected through the registration are not properly analyzed and utilized, partly due to the lack of appreciation among high-level governmental officials of the need for vital statistics. It is, therefore, requested that long-term improvement programs of vital statistics be implemented with policy priority and continuous efforts be given to this purpose as a long-term goal of development in Korea.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.362-371
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• 1995

There is no national system to manage, evaluate, and analyse the information about accidents, even though it is necessary for accident prevention policies and health promotion of the general public. The existing studies are, also limited as they focus only on particular group(for example : inpatients, emergency room patients) or on particular geographic areas. Thus the results of the studies cannot be ap-plied to the general public. In order to overcome these limitations, this research focuses on data collection and analysis from accident information for the general population. By providing the analysis on types and causes af accidents, this research aims to produce the basic data necessary for accident prevention policy development. The specific aims of this research are to : 1. Analyse the actual occurrences and characteristics of accidents. 2. Suggest for the accident prevention policies and safety education. Accident report form three major newspaper printed in Korea between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1993 were collected, and the cause, place, time, and personal injury related to the accidents were classified and then analyzed by de-scriptive statistics. The results of this research conclude : 1. The number of accidents reported by the three newspapers were 2155. 2. The highest proportion of accidents were as follows ; occurred during the June-August(31.2%), Sunday(24.8%), and 5 p.m. (7.6%) of the day. 3. The highest proportion of the accident occurred in Seoul(33. l％), Kyunggi province(14.5%), Kangwon province (7.8％), and Kyungnam prov-ince(6.7%) were next highest. 4. The main causes include car accidents(32.4%), drowning(10.9%), falls(8.8%), explosion(7.1%), and poisoning(5.8%). 5. Slightly more than half of injuries(50.5%) and about two fifths of deaths(40.3%) were caused by car accidents. Therefore, the most serious type of accidents were car accidents. 6. The number of males in accidents were almost three times higher than that of females(males 72.3%, females : 27.7%). 7. The age group from 10 to 19 years old represents the highest proportion(21%) of accidents. 8. The number of the accidents in Korea, based on the information collected from the newspapers, is estimated to be 14, 367 per year. The number of in-juries is estimated to be 88, 480 persons, and the number of deaths 29, 007 respectively. It is said that ninety percent of accidents can be prevented. Several accidents prevention policies are suggested here. 1. Safety education should be done more actively throughtout life, with special emphasis on safety education for children. 2. Safety measures for children(halmets for cycling, children car seats, seats belts, and so on) should be emphasized. 3. An injury surveillance system should be initiated. The initiation of injury reporting system in each factory and school could contribute considerably to the reduction of accidents.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.113-137
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• 2010

국제 사회에서는 그 동안 항공안전의 향상을 위하여 많은 노력과 활동을 전개하여 왔다. 새로운 첨단기술과 시스템, 그리고 전 세계 어디서나 보다 정밀한 항행을 할 수 있도록 도와주는 항법장비의 발전은 항공안전의 수준을 상당히 향상시켜 왔다. 그러나 전 세계의 항공 사고율은 1980년대 이후부터 별다른 감소 추세 없이 계속해서 정체현상을 보이고 있다. 이는 기존의 항공안전 향상을 위한 노력만으로는 이제 더 이상 항공기의 안전 운항을 보장해 줄 충분한 수준의 안전 확보가 어렵다는 것을 의미하며, 결국 사고예방을 위한 새로운 방법이 필요하게 되었다. 이러한 점을 주목하여 전 세계 항공국들은 항공기 사고로 인명 또는 재산상의 손실이 발생하기 전에 전 항공시스템 내에서 초기 위험요소들을 사전에 인지하여 그에 대한 적절한 개선 대책을 개발할 수 있는 새로운 방식에 관심을 가지게 되었는데 그것은 항공안전정보시스템의 구축을 통한 안전정보의 수집 분석 공유를 하는 것이다. 세계적인 항공안전정보시스템을 구축하기 위해서는 각 나라의 정보들을 수집하고 분석할 수 있는 항공사고 준사고 보고시스템 구축을 기본으로 이용자간에 자유스럽게 교환이 이루어져야 한다. 또한 시스템을 구성하는 항공안전 데이터들의 분류체계가 표준화되어 이용자간의 정보가 원활히 소통될 수 있어야 하겠다. 이 연구에서는 항공안전 정보를 효과적으로 분석하고 필요한 예방활동을 결정할 수 있는 각 나라의 항공사고 준사고 데이터베이스 분류체계를 조사를 통하여 세계 항공안전 강화에 기여함은 물론 국가 항공 외교력 증진에도 도움이 되고자 한다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2011

기후변화 완화를 위한 온실가스 감축 수단으로서 이산화탄소를 포집하여 저장하는 이산화탄소 포집 및 저장(CCS) 기술의 중요성이 날로 부각되고 있다. CCS 기술은 발전소 등 대규모 배출원에서 배출되는 대량의 이산화탄소를 바로 감축 가능케 할뿐 아니라 경제 성장을 위한 탄소 에너지 산업 구조를 지속 가능하게 한다. 이러한 CCS 기술의 유용성으로 인해 현재 기후변화협약회의(UNFCCC)에서 청정개발체제(CDM)로 수용하는 방안을 논의 중이다. 그러나 CCS 사업을 CDM 체제로 수용함을 논의함에 있어서 몇몇 이슈들이 제기되고 있는데, 여기에는 i) 장기 영구성을 포함한 비영속성 ii) 측정, 보고 및 검증(MRV), iii) 환경 영향, iv) 사업 범위, v) 국제법, vi) 책임문제, vii) 부당한 성과, viii) 안전성 그리고 ix) 보험 등이 포함된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 이슈들을 정리 및 분석하고, 이를 통해 현재 우리나라가 계획하고 있는 CCS 실용화를 위해 선행되어야 할 정책적 고려 사항을 도출하고자 한다.