• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권5A호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 LMC로 덧씌우기 또는 보수 된 형태의 RC 보의 정적 거동 특성을 파악하는데 있다. 따라서, LMC로 덧씌우기 및 보수된 RC 보를 상대습도 60%, 온도 $20^{\circ}C$의 조건에서 양생을 실시하여 제작하였으며, 제작된 시험체를 4점 휨 실험을 수행하여 균열양상, 파괴거동 및 극한강도 등의 거동을 고찰하였다. 실험결과 전단철근이 보강된 보수형태의 RC보의 경우 100%이상의 내하력을 회복하여 보수 효과가 뛰어난 것을 알 수 있었고, LMC로 압축부에 덧씌우기 된 시험체의 경우 덧씌우기 두께가 증가함에 따라 내하력이 크게 증진되었다. 그러나, 전단철근이 보강되지 않은 보수형태의 시험체와 인장부 덧씌우기된 시험체는 부착계면 파괴양상을 보여주어 보수 및 보강 효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 부착계면의 거동특성을 파악하기 위하여 전단흐름 개념을 도입하여 LMC로 압축 덧씌우기된 시험체를 대상으로 하중증가에 따른 전단흐름량을 계산하여 부착계면 특성을 수치적으로 나타내었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2006

본 연구는 균열이 발생한 R/C보를 탄소섬유시트(Carbon fiber sheet)로 보수했을 경우 시트의 박락과 균열의 확대 및 성장 메커니즘을 조사한 것이다. 실험변수는 하중형식, 재하속도, 사전균열 유무 등이다. 실험에서, 보의 파괴는 전단력 급변에 의한 재하점 직하부의 단차박리의 발전과 전파로 시작됨이 확인되었지만, 파괴기구는 하중형식, 재하속도, 사전균열 유무 등에 영향을 받지 않았다. 특히, 사전균열을 갖는 보의 경우, 균열의 성장은 재하점 직하의 특정한 균열에 집중되고, 이 균열의 확장에 의한 탈착이 보의 파괴를 이끌었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.511-523
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• 2015

Damaged steel-concrete composite girders can be repaired and retrofitted by epoxy-bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets to the critical areas of tension flanges. This paper presents the results of a study on the behavior of damaged steel-concrete composite girders repaired with CFRP sheets under static loading. A total of seven composite girders made of I20A steel sections and 80mm-thick by 900mm-wide concrete slabs were prepared and tested. CFRP sheets and prestressed CFRP sheets were used to repair the specimens. The specimens lost the cross-sectional area of their tension flanges with 30%, 50% and 100%. The results showed that CFRP sheets had no significant effect on the yield loads of strengthened composite girders, but had significant effect on the ultimate loads. The yield loads, elastic stiffness, and ultimate bearing capacities of strengthened composite girders had been changed as a result of prestressed CFRP sheets, the utilization ratio of CFRP sheets could be effectively improved by applying prestress to CFRP sheets. Both the yield loads and ultimate bearing capacities had been changed as a result of steel beam's flange damage level and CFRP sheets could cover the girders' shortage of bearing capacity with 30% and 50% flange damage, respectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.649-665
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• 2009

This paper reports part of a comprehensive research study conducted at the University of Queensland on the ability of CFRP web-bonded systems in strengthening an exterior beam-column joint subjected to monotonic loads. One 1/2.2 scaled plain and four CFRP repaired/retrofitted joints subjected to monotonic loads were analysed using the nonlinear finite-element program ANSYS and the results were calibrated against experiments. The ANSYS model was employed in order to account for tension stiffening in concrete after cracking and a modified version of the Hognestad's model was used to model the concrete compressive strength. The stress-strain properties of main steel bars were modelled using multilinear isotropic hardening model and the FRPs were modelled as anisotropic materials. A perfect bond was assumed as nodes were shared between adjacent elements irrespective of their type. Good agreement between the numerical predictions and the experimental observation of the failure mechanisms for all specimens were observed. Closeness of these results proved that the numerical analysis can be used by design engineers for the analysis of web-bonded FRP strengthened beam-column joints with confidence.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2002

Stresses that develop due to differential shrinkage between polymer modified cement mortar (PM) and Portland cement concrete (PCC) in a repaired concrete beam at early ages were investigated. Interface delamination or debonding of the newly cast repair material from the base is often observed in the field when the drying shrinkage of the repair material is relatively large. This study presents results of both experimental and analytical works. In the experimental part of the study, development of the material properties such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, interface bond strength, creep constant, and drying shrinkage was investigated by testing cylinders and beams for a three-week period in a constant-temperature chamber. Development of shrinkage-induced strains in a PM-PCC composite beam was determined. In the analytical part of the study, two analytical solutions were used to compare the experimental results with the analytically predicted values. One analysis method was of an exact type but could not consider the effect of creep. The other analysis method was rather approximate in nature but the creep effect was included. Comparison between the analytical and the experimental results showed that both analytical procedures resulted in stresses that were in fair agreement with the experimentally determined values. It may be important to consider the creep effect to estimate shrinkage-induced stresses at early ages.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제24권A호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

Each year, new technological advancements for repair-purpose are being introduced to overlay the old deterioration of RC bridge deck at highway by latex-modified concrete. The days may come when this old problem will be successfully resolved. While the experimental works and researches are very active at both laboratory and field, only a few theoretical studies were performed on interfacial problems, especially on stress distribution and concentration of RC beam overlayed by latex-modified concrete. The repaired and strengthened structures would induce a premature failure due to the stress concentration at the adhesive layer of different material before the design expected failure. This paper investigated and proposed an analytical model for predicting interfacial shear and normal stresses of RC beam repair-purpose overlayed by latex-modified concrete. This would be used for predicting interfacial stresses and preventing premature failure at interfaces. This study modified Smith-Teng method for applying to cementitious repairing material, which was based on a direct governing equation and linear-elastic approach for interfacial normal and shear stresses. The proposed theoretical model was verified using commercial FEA program, LUSAS, in terms of interfacial stresses predicted by the proposed model and calculated by LUSAS.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2003

지진에 의해 피해를 입은 철근콘크리트 건축물을 재사용이 가능하도록 보수-보강을 실시하여 구조적으로 안전성을 확보하게 되는데 이러한 보수-보강이 부적절하게 시공되었거나, 재지진을 받아 구조내력이 크게 감소된다면 다시 보수-보강을 할 수 밖에 없다. 본 연구에서는 지진 발생시 가장 우려되는 보-기둥 접합부를 실험 대상으로 선정하여, 시험체에 1차 동적하중과 2차 동적하중을 작용시킨 후 각각 보수-보강을 실시한 다음 구조특성 및 하중속도에 따른 보강성능을 검토하여 재보수-보강의 타당성을 규명하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.50-53
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• 2012

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a useful diagnostic tool for identification of both internal and external root configurations. This case report describes the endodontic management of a lateral incisor with both dens invaginatus and external root irregularity by using CBCT. Nonsurgical endodontic retreatment was performed on the lateral incisor with dens invaginatus. A perforation through the dens invaginatus and external concavity was repaired using mineral trioxide aggregate. After 18 mon of follow-up, there were no clinical symptoms. Recall radiographs appeared normal and showed healing of the periapical pathosis. The understanding of both internal root canal configuration and external root irregularity using CBCT can ensure predictable and successful results.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2006

최근 건설기술이 발달함에 따라 점차적으로 더욱 높은 정확성과 신뢰성을 바탕으로 구조물의 상태를 파악 또는 예측 할 수 있는 기술적인 체제가 요구되고 있는 시점에서, 광섬유센서는 내구성과 높은 분해능, 전자기파 노이즈 저항성, 절대값의 측정, 다중화 등의 가지고 있는 여러 장점 때문에 미국 등 선진국의 경우 교량, 터널 그리고 건물 등에 변위와 변형률 측정에 많은 설치가 진행되어 왔고, 광섬유 센서를 이용한 시스템이 구조물의 안정성과 잔존수명을 판단하는 기준으로 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 광섬유센서 중에서 일반적으로 가장 많이 사용하고 있는 광섬유격자 센서의 응용의 폭을 확대하기 위하여 여러 가지 응용분야에 적용하고자 하였으며, 특히 전단응력이 많이 걸려 foil형 스트레인 게이지를 사용하기 어려운 보 기둥 접합부에 적용하여 광섬유격자 센서가 일반적으로 사용되는 전자식 변위 센서들과 정밀도가 대단히 차이가 나고 있음을 보여주고 있고, 복합재료와 콘크리트 접합 구조물에 적용하여 흔히 발생하는 결함인 delamination을 측정하는데 광섬유격자 센서가 유효적절함을 보여주고 있으며, 원자력발전소 격납구조물과 같은 대형구조물에 적용하여 변위를 측정함에 있어서 광섬유격자 센서가 시공도 용이하고 데이터도 양호함을 보여 주고 있어, 기존의 어떤 구조물도 광섬유센서를 적용하여 쉽게 광섬유 스마트구조물화 할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.86-95
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• 2006

Brillouin backscatter is a type of reflection that occurs when light is shone into an optical fibre. Brillouin reflections are very sensitive to changes in the fibre arising from external effects, such as temperature, strain and pressure. We report here several case studies on the measurement of strain using Brillouin reflections. A mechanical bending test of an I beam, deployed with both fiber optic sensors and conventional strain gauge rosettes, was performed with the aim of evaluating: (1) the capability and technical limit of the DTSS technology for strain profile sensing; (2) the reliability of strain measurement using fiber optic sensor. The average values of strains obtained from both DTSS and strain gauges (corresponding to the deflection of I beam) showed a linear relationship and an excellent one-to-one match. A practical application of DTSS technology as an early warning system for land sliding or subsidence was examined through a field test at a hillside. Extremely strong, lightweight, rugged, survivable tight-buffered cables, designed for optimal strain transfer to the fibre, were used and clamped on the subsurface at a depth of about 50cm. It was proved that DTSS measurements could detect the exact position and the progress of strain changes induced by land sliding and subsidence. We also carried out the first ever distributed dynamic strain measurement (10Hz) on the Korean Train eXpress(KTX) railway track in Daejeon, Korea. The aim was to analyse the integrity of a section of track that had recently been repaired. The Sensornet DTSS was used to monitor this 85m section of track while a KTX train passed over. In the repaired section the strain increases to levels of 90 microstrain, whereas in the section of regular track the strain is in the region of 30-50 microstrain. The results were excellent since they demonstrate that the DTSS is able to measure small, dynamic changes in strain in rails during normal operating conditions. The current 10km range of the DTSS creates a potential to monitor the integrity of large lengths of track, and especially higher risk sections such as bridges, repaired track and areas at risk of subsidence.